Objective　To explore an objective and precise method of measuring the angles of human ears.Methods　Thirty cases (60 ears) were measured by CT.They were performed in position of Frankfort horizontal plane.Results　Auriculo-cranial is 45±14 degrees,cephaloconchal is 83±13 degrees,scaphaconchal is 92±4 degrees,and they are symmetric on both sides.The differences of the angles between men and women are not obvious,except auriculo-cranial angle.Conclusion　The measurement of human auricular angles with CT is a useful and practical method in anthropology and aesthetic medicine.

Objective To evaluate the reliability of transcranial doppler (TCD) in detection spasm of middle cerebral artery (MCA),vertebral artery (VA ) and basilar artery (BA).Methods TCD and digital subtraction angiography (DSA) examination were undertaken in 50 patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage.Results Arterial spasm was diagnosed in 26 MCA by DSA,21 of which were detected by TCD at same time.4 MCA were showed by TCD but not confirmed by DSA. The sensitivity and specificity of TCD in diagnosing MCA spasm were 80.8% and 84.0% respectively. Higher sensitivity was revealed in those with severe MCA spasm. DSA also found out asterial spasm of BA in 18 BA,among which 13 arteries were detected by TCD simutaneously.4 BA were diagnosed by TCD but not proved by DSA. The sensitivity and the specificity of TCD in diagnosing BA spasm were 72.2% and 76.5% respectively.28 VA were diagnosed by DSA,among which 20 arteries were proved by TCD.6 VA were detected by TCD but not proved by DSA. The sensitivity and specificity of TCD in diagnosing VA spasm were 71.4% and 76.9% respectively.Conclusion TCD is reliable in diagnosing the spasm of MCA,BA and VA.

Objective To explore the therapeutic effectiveness and pathways of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (hUCMSCs) transplantation for acute hepatic failure in rats.Method hUCMSCs were isolated from umbilical cord with attachment culture method,and the surface antigens were tested by flow cytometry.Forty-eight male Sprague Dawley rats were randomly divided into four groups.The animal model of acute liver failure was induced by injecting intraperitoneally with 50％ olive oil solution of carbon tetrachloride (2.5 ml/kg).The treatment groups were injected with hUCMSCs suspension separately through the tail vein or injected into the liver 24 h post-modeling.Blood serum and liver tissues were collected at several time points to analyze the improvement of liver function and histological repair.Real-time PCR was used to detect the expression of human CK8,CK18 and AFP mRNA in liver tissues.Immunohistochemistry was used to detect the expression of human CK18 in liver tissues.Result There were statistically significant differences among liver functions after transplantation (P＜0.05).hUCMSCs improved histological status through enhancing hepatocellular regeneration and reducing inflammatory cells.Real-time PCR results showed that the expression of CK8,CK18 and AFP mRNA was obviously increased in the tail vein transplantation group and hepatic lobe injection transplantation group as compared with the model group (P＜0.05).Immunochemistry results revealed that transplanted hUCMSCs in animal liver could differentiate into functional hepatocyte-like cells that expressed human CK18 as hepatocyte-specific marker in the tail vein transplantation group and hepatic lobe injection transplantation group.No significant differences in histological repair and grade of differentiation were examined between the tail vein transplantation group and hepatic lobe injection transplantation group (P＞0.05).Conclusion hUCMSCs can prompt the repair of acute liver failure and enhance pathological repair.Transplanted cells in animal liver can differentiate into functional hepatocyte-like cells that expressing hepatocyte-specific markers.Transplantation of hUCMSCs via the tail vein or direct injection into the liver had the similar therapeutic effects.

AIM: To investigate the role of infiltration of macrophages and expression of intracellular adhesion molecule-1 in the pathogenesis of oleic-acid-induced acute lung injury rats. METHODS: The rats were subjected to injection of oleic acid (oleic acid group) or saline solution (control). After injecting oleic acid or saline for 4 hours, the PaO 2 of the left heart, lung permeability index(LPI), the number of macrophage and the levels of soluble intercellular molecule-1 (sICAM-1) in the bronchial alveolar lavage fluid (BALF) were measured. The levels of expression of ICAM-1 mRNA were evaluated by in situ hybridization and the degree of macrophage infiltration and the expression of ICAM-1 were evaluated by double staining immunocytochemistry. RESULTS: The PaO 2 of the oleic acid group was significantly lower than that of the control group (P

Aim To construct human phage single-chain antibody library associated with esophageal cancer and to screen the specific scFv against Eca109 cells from the liberary. Methods Metastatic periesophageal lymph nodes of esophageal cancer patients were used as the B cells source, the total RNA of these B cells was extracted and prepared as the template of RT-PCR. First, we screened graticulely two pairs of primers of the heavy and light regions separately, then the V_H and V_L fragments were first amplified from the cDNA by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Second, the V_H-linker and V_L-linker were amplified from the V_H and V_L fragments. Last, the V_H-linker and V_L-linker were assembled into scFv gene fragments by SOE-PCR,and then Sfi I and Not I restriction site were inlet in it. ScFv gene was cloned into the pCANTAB-5E phagemid. Phagemids were introduced into E.coli TG1 by electrotransformation, followed by rescue of antibody-expressing phage using M13K07 helper-phage superinfection. Recombinant scFv phage library was constracted and PCR was used to identify the insert ratio of scFv antibodies library. Results of SfiI/Not I double digestion reaction positive insert clone were identified by 1.5% agarose gel electrophoresis. The phage library was panned with NHEEC and Eca109 cancer cells in suspension for four rounds. Strongly positive recombinant phage clones were used to infect E.coli HB2151. Expression of soluble scFv was induced by IPTG. Soluble scFv from periplasm were purified by affinity chromatography and identified by SDS-PAGE and Western blot. Cell ELISA , immunohistochemical staining and immunocytochemical staining were used to identify the activity of the soluble scFv. Results The result of agarose gel electrophoresis showed that total RNA of these B cells had two bands of 28 S and 18 S. The size of V_H fragment is about 450 bp,V_L fragment is about 350 bp and scFv is about 850 bp. The competence is 108 cfu??g-1 pUC18 DNA. Randomly digestive reac-tion showed that the positive insert ratio was 91.7% (22/24). After four rounds of panning, the fourth phage yield is 141 times as much as that of the first one. SDS-PAGE and Western blot showed that the MW of the soluble scFv was about 30 ku and the brand of 30 ku was stained. Immunohistochemical staining showed strong stainning of the tissue of esophageal cancer, but not the liver and gastric cancer tissue. Immunocytochemical staining showed significant staining of the esophageal cancer line Eca109. The result of cell ELISA assay revealed that soluble scFv had highly specific and could combined with Eca109 cells, but not with BGC-823 and NHEEC. Conclusion A human scFv phage display library associated with esophageal cancer has been constructed successfully and the specific scFv antibody against Eca109 has been identified from the liberary.

Luminal surface of vascular endothelium is decorated with a variety of polysaccharide-protein complexes,which constitute the glycocalyx.It has been demonstrated that vascular endothelial glycocalyx plays an important role in modulation of selective permeability of vessels,mediation of the blood cell-endothelial cell interactions and the release of nitric oxide induced by fluid shear stress under physiological condition.In inflammation condition,sheding of glycocalyx due to inflammation mediator leads to its functional weakening in vessel protection.At the same time,heparan sulfate as a major constituent of vascular endothelial glycocalyx could be involved in regulating the evolution of inflammation.Heparan sulfate interacts with L-selectin to mediating leukocyte rolling,presents chemokines on luminal surfaces of endothelial cells to mediate leukocyte crawling and firm adhesion,participates in transcytosis of chemokines from tissue to luminal side of endothelial cells during inflammation.Various risk factors of atherosclerosis,as an inflammatory disease,are closely associated with vascular endothelial glycocalyx.This paper is aimed to review the role of vascular endothelial glycocalyx in inflammation and atherosclerosis.

Objective To evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of percutaneous transhepatic portal vein balloon angioplasty in treating cavernous transformation of portal vein following operation of congenital choledochal cyst. Methods From 2012 to 2014, a total of 6 patients with cavernous transformation of portal vein which occurred after the operation of congenital choledochal cyst were encountered at authors’ hospital. The clinical data were retrospectively analyzed. Before treatment, all patients presented symptoms of different degrees of hematemesis. Percutaneous transhepatic portal vein balloon angioplasty was carried out in all patients, and embolization of gastric coronary vein with coils was employed if angiography showed that coronary vein of stomach was pronouncedly dilated. The clinical manifestations, the imaging materials and the complications were analyzed. All the patients were followed up for 3 - 31 months. Results Of the 6 patients, portal vein main stem occlusion was found in 5 and severe localized stenosis was seen in one. Cavernous transformation of portal vein was revealed in all the 6 patients. Percutaneous transhepatic portal vein balloon angioplasty was successfully accomplished in 5 patients and failed in one patient. Embolization of gastric coronary vein with coils was performed in two patients. After the treatment, no treatment-related severe complications occurred in all patients. The follow-up period ranged from 3 to 31 months. During the follow-up period portal vein maintained patent in 5 patients. No recurrent hematemesis occurred in all patients. Conclusion For the treatment of cavernous transformation of portal vein occurring after the operation of congenital choledochal cyst, percutaneous transhepatic portal vein balloon angioplasty is a safe, effective and minimally - invasive therapeutic means.

Objective To investigate the effect of ultrashort wave therapy on edema and inflammatory reaction after spinal cord injury (SCI) in rats. Methods 56 Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into sham-operated group (n=8), model group (n=24) and ultrashort wave group (n=24). The model was established with Allen's method. The sham-operated group was exposed endorhachis without hit. The ultra-short wave group was exposed to ultrashort wave radiation 7 minutes, once a day, 24 hours after modeling until the animals were sacrificed. Locomotors functional recovery was assessed every week post operation period by BBB score. Immunohistochemical staining was per-formed to observe the expression of the aquaporin-4(AQP-4) and ED-1. Results The BBB scores increased in the model group and the ultra-short wave group after treatment, and was higher in the ultrashort wave group than in the model group from 1 week after treatment (t>3.368, P<0.01). The expressions of AQP-4 and ED-1 were higher in the model group and ultrashort wave group than in the sham-operated group, and decreased as time went on. They were lower in the ultrashort wave group than in the model group(t>3.156, t>4.466, P<0.05). Conclu-sion Ultrashort wave therapy can alleviate the edema after SCI, reduce the activation and infiltration of inflammatory cells, and promote the recovery of neurological function.

Objective To explore the relationship between the polymophisms of interleukin?17 (IL?17)?197A/G and the outcomes of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infections. Methods The polymorphism of genotypes and al?leles of IL?17?197A/G in 222 chronic HBV infected patients and 88 HBV infected ones as controls. The contains of serum HBV DNA were detected using PCR combined with DNA amplification in vitro, serum IL?17 expression was detected with ELISA and genotype and allele frequency of IL?17?197A/G locus was detected by Beckman SNP kit. Results There was a significant difference in the serum IL?17 expression (F=158.1, r2=0.61, P<0.000 1) among all the groups. For IL?17?197A/G, there were significant differences for the comparison between the two groups, and the frequency of AA genotype was 47.72%in liver cirrhosis group. Moreover, the highest frequency of GG was in HBV clear?ance group (74.81%);and the lowest group was in chronic HBV liver cirrohosis group (19.05%). Conclusion IL?17?197A/G AA genotype and allele might be associated with susceptibility of HBV infection in Han population in Hei?bei Province.

Objective To summarize the preservation measures of the donor's heart and lung, and the postoperative immunotherapy, as well as the clinical experience of discrimination and management for graft rejection.Methods The clinical data of 2 cases of heart-lung transplantation in our department were retrospectively analyzed. Two different protective liquids were used for donor's lung lavage of 2 cases: Perfadx solution (1000 mL containing tris 0.3 mL and ilomedin 25 μg); Euro Collins solution (1000 mL containing tris 0.3 mL and PGE1 100 μg). UW solution was used for donor's heart lavage. Surgical procedure for heart-lung transplantation was classic technique in situ. The schedule of immunosuppression was induced by Basiliximab, and combined with cyclosporine+ mycophemolate mofeil+corcal hommone after operation. recipient's blood count, organ's functions, the sizes of every cavity of heart, IVSPW and LVPW were observed during early post-operation. The recipients were subjected to chest CT scan, fiberoptic bronchoscope and tissue pathological study when necessary to find the signs of rejection promptly. When the rejection occurred in the recipient, cortical hormone's impulse therapy was given and the dose of immunosuppression was adjusted in time.Results Two patients discharged in 80 days and 141 days after operation. The patients were followed up for 54 months and 50 months respectively, and their life qualities were very well. Acute rejections occurred on the 10th and 26th day in one case, and in another case, acute rejections occurred on the 29th and 87th day after operation. All were conversed by cortical hormone's impulse therapy and adjusting the dose of immunosuppressants. When acute rejection occurred, the blood count had significant change, and IVSPW and LVPW were increases. They were returned the normal range after corresponding therapy.Conclusion Perfidx solution and Euro-Collin solution may play good protective roles for donor's lungs. UW solution may play good a protective role for donor's heart. To discriminate the clinical graft rejection and infection in time and administrate correct management will have large benefits for the patients' rehabilitation.