Air Pollutants ; Dust ; analysis ; Humans ; Lung ; Metals ; adverse effects ; Pneumoconiosis ; Research

Alloys ; toxicity ; Cobalt ; toxicity ; Lung ; Lung Diseases ; diagnosis ; therapy ; Tungsten ; toxicity

Objective To investigate the effect of angiotensin Ⅱ-1 receptor antagonist losartan on expression of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-?) in the ventricular myocardium in the renovascular hypertension rats. Methods Renovascular hypertension model was obtained by clip left renal artery in Sprague-Dawley(SD) rats. After operation the rats were divided into 3 groups: sham group, two-kidney one clip (2K1C) group, and losartan treatment group(2K1C and losartan 20 mg/kg?d by drinking). Tail blood pressure was determined every week. Animals were euthanized after treatment with losartan for four weeks. Cardiac index(CI)was calculated by HW/BW, and TNF-? protein of ventricle myocardium was determined by ELISA and immunohistochemistry. Results Losartan significantly decreased blood pressure(P

To deepen the teaching reform on comprehensive medical function experiment in our school,the mode of opening system of experiment teaching of medical function is proposed.The definition and characteristics of the opening system is discussed in this paper,and its theoretical foundation,guideline,goal location,effect and pending problems are also explored preliminarily.

Objective To investigate the imaging and pathological features of atypical teratoid/rhab doid tumor (AT/RT)occur-ring in the central nervous system (CNS).Methods The CT and MRI findings of 1 6 patients with CNS AT/RT were retrospectively analyzed,and their pathological and immunohistochemical results were studied.Results There were 12 males and 4 females. Tumors located is at supratentorial in 10 and infratentorial in 6.Cystic changes in tumors were noted in 12 cases.The solid portion of tumors was isointense on T2-weighted images relative to normal brain grey matter in 9 patients.Extensive peritumoral edema was observed in 1 1 lesions.The tumors showed bandlike rim of significant enhancement in 10 cases.The incidence of hemorrhage and calcification in tumors were 43.8% and 41.7% respectively.Histopathologically,AT/RT was characterized by the presence of rhab-doid cells associated with variable components of epithelial,primitive neuroectodermal and mesenchymal differentiation.Conclusion Atypical teratoid/rhabdoid tumor is several imaging findings which are relatively specific on CT and MR images.CT and MRI may provide valuable information for pre-operation diagnosis and prognostic evaluation in patients with CNS AT/RT.

Objective To investigate the clinical effectiveness of oral ganciclovir on prevention and treatment of cytomegalovirus (CMV) infections after liver transplantation.Method We tested archival peripheral blood of 69 kidney recipients for CYP3A5 genotyping by polymerase chain reaction sequence-specific primer.The dose,blood concentrations and dose-normalized blood concentrations of tacrolimus were measured at 1 st and 2nd month after the renal transplantation.Result pp65 antigen of CMV was negative in all the patients before liver transplantation.In 72 patients subject to acyclovir,9 cases (12.5％) were infected by CMV.By using oral ganciclovir to prevent CMV infection after 1iver transplantation in 376 patients,pp65 antigen of CMV was detected in 17 patients (4.5％).Fifteen patients received intravenous ganciclovir for treatment of CMV infection or CMV pneumonia,and 6 patients (40％) suffered from granulocytopenia because of the use of intravenous ganciclovir.Forty-six patients (12.2％) suffered from granulocytopenia because of the use of oral ganciclovir.Conclusion Oral ganciclovir is a safe and effective drug for prevention and treatment of CMV infection.

Objective To evaluate the role of serum adenosine deaminase in the diagnosis and treatment of acute,chronic hepatitis.Methods WanFang Data,CNKI and PubMed were retrieved in order to screen literature about the relationship between serum ADA and acute and chronic hepatitis,the retrieval time was from the beginning of the database to December 1st,2016.After evaluating quality of the included studies, the meta-analysis was conducted to analyze the relationship between the level of serum ADA and acute,chronic hepatitis via RevMan 5.2 software.Results A total of 28 articles were identified including 1688 cases with acute hepatitis and 1843 cases with chronic hepatitis.The results of meta-analysis showed that the levels and positive rate of serum ADA were significantly higher in the acute hepatitis groups than that in chronic hepatitis groups(MD=4.13,95%CI(0.43,7.84),P=0.03;OR=1.94,95%CI(1.19,3.14),P=0.007).Funnel plots showed significant publication bias,and may have implications for Meta analysis(P=0.001).Conclusion Heterogeneity of the literatures mainly comes from the clinical heterogeneity and statistical heterogeneity.The serum ADA has certain value in the diagnosis and treatment of acute and chronic hepatitis.

Objective To compare the oxygen saturation between the blood of superior vena cava and mixed venous in lung transplantation and provide reference for monitoring method in anesthesia. Methods 30 patients who received lung transplantation were placed central venous catheter into superior vena cava and flotation catheter into the pulmonary artery in turn. The blood samples were collected from the superior vena cava and pulmonary artery for blood gas analysis simultaneously at the time of just followed the catheter placement (T1), before the resection of the first bad lung (T2), after the reperfusion of the first donor lung (T3), before the resection of the second bad lung (T4), after the reperfusion of the second donor lung (T5), before the end of the operation (T6). The oxygen saturation were compared between the blood of the superior vena cava and mixed venous. Results From T1 to T6, Bland-Altman analysis showed that the mean of deviation between the SpO2 measured in blood of superior vena cava and mixed venous were 0.5, 3.4, 2.3, 0.5, 0.27,-2.9, respectively, and the incidence beyond the upper and lowed limits of consistency zone was 3.3%, 0%, 0%, 3.3%, 3.3%, 0%respectively. The incidence of SpO2 within the consistent limits was 96.7%, 100%, 100%, 96.7%, 96.7%, 100% respectively. Conclusions The SpO2 of superior vena cava may be approximately reference as SpO2 of mixed venous during lung transplantation.

Objective To explore the utilization and effectiveness of ultrasound screening for neural tube defects (NTDs),so that to provide scientific evidences for the secondary prevention of NTDs.MethodsFour hundred and fifty-nine women who delivered or gestated NTDs babies or fetuses were randomly selected from Shandong Province and Shanxi Province,and the related information was collected with structured questionnaire by trained interviewers.Results Of the 459 cases,the ultrasonography utilization rate was 98.7%,and 6 cases (1.3%) never took examinations by ultrasonography during the whole pregnancy period.The total diagnosis rate of ultrasound screening for NTDs was 85.9%,and those of anencephalus,spina bifida and encephalocele were 96.4%,79.6% and 73.8% respectively (P<0.05).The average diagnosis week of NTDs was 24.0 and those of anencephalus,spina bifida and encephalocele were 21.2,27.1 and 24.7 respectively (P<0.05).The detection rates of NTDs before 16 weeks,16-20 weeks,20-24 weeks,24-28 weeks and after 28 weeks were 14.1%,49.4%,46.3%,49.2% and 52.1% respectively (P<0.05).The detection rates of NTDs in hospitals,maternal and child care service centers and family planning centers were 46.4%,52.0% and 28.1% respectively (P<0.05).The detection rate of NTDs by two-dimensional ultrasound equipment was 41.3% and 83.3% by three-dimensional ultrasound equipment (P>0.05).Conclusions The detection rates of NTDs and the subtypes by ultrasonography are low at different pregnant periods and in different medical institutions.It is important to increase the utilization rate of ultrasound screening by pregnant women and improve the NTDs diagnostic level of primary health care institutions,so that to improve the efficacy of secondary prevention strategy for NTDs in China.