Objective To investigate the efficacy and safety of photodynamic therapy(PDT) combined with vitreous cavity injec‐tion of Lucentis treatment for choroidal neovascularization(CNV) diseases .Methods we retrospectively analyzed data of 30 cases (30 eyes) of CNV ,who was diagnosed by examination of visual acuity ,intmocular pressure ,ocular fundus ,fundus fluorescein angi‐ography (FFA) ,and optic coherence tomography(OCT) ,and who underwent PDT combined with intravitreal injection of Lucentis . Results At the 4 ~ 6 months follow‐up ,the best corrected visual acuity(BCVA) improved in 22 eyes(73 .3% ) ,stabilized in 8 eyes (26 .7% ) and none decreased .Among the AMD ,14 cases(70 .0% ) required only a single combined treatment for CNV resolution ;3 cases of AMD needed retreatment 3 months later .In CNV group ,all of the cases required only a single combined treatment for CNV resolution .At the therapy and follow‐up period ,no ocular or systemic adverse reactions were noted .Conclusion The treatment of PDT combine intravitreal injection of Lucentis is safe and effective for CNV ,which could improve visual acuity and reduce retreat‐ment rates .

Objective To evaluate the efficacy of ECP and glaucoma drainage device implant in the management of refractory glaucoma. Methods A retrospective study was explored in refractory glaucoma in 99 eyes,in which there were 50 eyes in the ECP group(group A)and 49 eyes in the group of glaucoma drainage device implant (group B). The changes of intraocular pressure (IOP),visual acuity and complication were observed. Results (1)IOP:There was statistically significant difference in IOP between the preoperative and last follow-up in each group(T-Test,t = 2.47,t = 2.51,P < 0.05),and statistically significant difference in IOP between the two groups in the rest of time points of postoperation except the 2 and 7 days after operation.(2)BCVA:T The visual acuity was no statistically significant difference between the two groups(χ2-Test,χ2 = 37.85,P >0.05).(3)Complication:The early complications of the group A included anterior chamber exudation ,short-term high IOP,hyphema. In the group B,the early complications included shallow anterior chamber,hyphema, drainage valve block and high IOP,MSCH,choroidal detachment,while the medium-term complication was glaucoma valve fiber wrapped high IOP and the long-term complications included glaucoma drainage tube rejection , exposure and displacement,and endophthalmitis,conjunctival hyperplasia. Conclusion ECP and glaucoma drainage implant can be effective in the treatment of refractory glaucoma. The ECP has less complications.

Objective To investigate the clinical features of patients with neuromyelitisoptica spectrum disorders (NMOSD) in China.Methods Cases reports of NMOSD from 1989 to 2016 were retrieved from the database of Weipu data basis,and the clinical features of cases reported were analyzed.Results Eighty-seven studies were enrolled.Totally 109 patients were included.The ratio of male to female was 1 ∶ 4 and the mean onset age was (38.44 ± 17.08) years (range 5-76 years).The predisposing factors was catching a cold(12.80％).There were 66.05％ patients with optic neuritis symptoms as initial symptoms,23.85％ with spinal cord inflammation as the first symptom.Spinal magnetic resonance showed that 80.73％ of the lesions involved thoracic spinal cord,and the cervical spinal cord occupied by 49.54％,while the lumbar spine accounted for about 10.09％.12.84％ involved the final area.Conclusion In China,NMSOD is common in young adults,and more common in women.The onset age between the male and female has no significant difference.The first symptom of optic neuritis is more common,and the spinal cord lesion in thoracic cord is popular.

Objective To investigate the exposure level of VOCs in different population and the health effects. Methods In 2005, a questionnaire survey relating to inhalation exposure assessment of VOCs and housing decoration characteristics was carried out in 200 newly decorated apartments (628 residents), 30 house decoration workers and 20 painting workers of an automobile manufacture factory. Indoor concentrations of formaldehyde, BTEX-compounds and TVOC were measured in typical apartments, offices, houses in where the decoration workers were operating, the painting workshops, and public indoor environments. Average daily exposure doses and potential doses for common people at home (non-occupational exposure group) and workers in occupational environments (occupational exposure group) to formaldehyde and BTEX-compounds and TVOC were estimated by combining the survey results with monitoring data. Results The percentages of whom having different discomfortable symptoms in the workers in the painting workshop were higher than that in common people (P

Objective To investigate the expression of E26 transformation-specific-1 (E26ts-1),matrix metalloproteinase-1 (MMP-1) and tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinase-1 (TIMP-1) in choroidal melanoma and the correlation with the tumor′s infiltration and metastasis. Methods Immunohistochemistry was used to detect the expression of E26ts-1,MMP-1and TIMP-1 in 78 cases of choroidal melanoma who were divided into shuttle-cells,paraepithelial-cells and mixed-cells type according to the configuration of tumor cells.The patients were followed up and their average existing time was calculated.The results were statistically computed with statistic SPSS 10.0 package. Results In the 78 cases,shuttle-cells type was found in 21,paraepithelial-cells type in 34,and mixed-cells type in 23. Expression of TIMP-1was low in uveal melanoma,while expression of E26ts-1 and MMP-1 was obviously found in the three types of choroidal melanoma;the sequence of expression intensity was shuttle-cells,mixed-cells and paraepithelial-cells type.Among 37 cases who had been followed up,the shuttle-cells type was in 18 with the average existing time of (78.33?24.69) months,the mixed-cells type was in 10 with the average existing time of (61.44?20.46) months,and the paraepithelial-cells type was in 9 with the average existing time of (36.76?12.19) months.The existing time was negative correlated with the intensity of expresion of E26ts-1 and MMP-1. Conclusion The high expression of E26ts-1 and MMP-1and low expression of TIMP-1may relate to the choroidal melanoma′s infiltration and metastasis.

Objective To investigate the expression of nuclear factor(NF)-?B and intercellular adhesion molecule (ICAM)-1 in rat′s retina injured by ischemia-reperfusion, and the effect of pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate (PDTC) on the expression of NF-?B and ICAM-1. Methods The model of retinal ischemia-reperfusion was set up in 60 SD rats, which were divided into two groups with 30 rats in each: ischemia-reperfusion group and ischemia-reperfussion with injection of PDTC group. The left cephalic artery of each rat was ligated, and the right side was the control. Every group was subdivided into group 1 hour, 6, 12, 24, 48, and 72 hours after ischemia-reperfusion injury, and with 5 rats in each group. mRNA of NF-?B and ICAM-1 mRNA was measured by in situ hybridization (ISH) method in rat′s retina. Every rat underwent electroretinography (ERG) at the corresponding time before executed by neck breaking. Results In ischemia-reperfusion group, expression of NF-?B and ICAM-1 was detected at the 6th hour after ischemia-reperfusion, reached the highest level at the 24th hour, and weakened gradually later. In ischemia-reperfusion with injection of PDTC group, expression of NF-?B and ICAM-1 was detected at the 12th hour after ischemia-reperfusion, and reached the highest level at the 24th hour but lower than that in ischemia-reperfusion group. No expression of NF-?B and ICAM-1 was found in the control group. The relative recovery rate of ERG a and b wave amplitude in ischemia-reperfusion groups was lower than that in ischemia-reperfusion with injection of PDTC group at every stage(P

Objective The invasion and metastasis of tumor cells depend on the growth of new blood vessels, and tumor neovascularization was regulated by a lots of factors. This study aimed to investigate the expression of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF -1α) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VECF) in retinoblastoma and explore the correlation of HIF-1α and VEGF with tumor invasion and metastasis and analyze their relationship with clinicopathology characters and determine their effect on angiogenesis. Methods Forty-six retinoblastoma specimens with different clinical stages were collected in Affiliated Second Hospital of Nanchang University. The specimens received neither radiotherapy nor chemotherapy. The retinal tissue near the tumor was as control. Immunohistochemistry was used to detect the expression of HIF-1α protein and VEGF protein in retinoblastoma. The relationship between expression of HIF-1α and VEGF and stage of tumor was analyzed. Results The HIF-1α and VEGF were highly expressed in the ischemia or necrosis area of retinoblastoma. Expression of HIF-1α was mainly in cell nuclear and partly in cytoplasm, and VEGF was mainly expressed in cytoplasm of tumor cells. The expression of HIF-1α and VEGF was gradually increased with the rising of tumor stage (P ＜ 0. 05) and showed significant correlation between expression of HIF-1α and VEGF with tumor stage(r_s =0. 943, P ＜0. 01). HIF-1α exepression was also possitively related to VEGF level in retinoblastoma (r, =0. 946, P ＜ 0. 01). Conclusion HIF-1α and VEGF were over-expressed in retinoblastoma cells, and the expressions were related to clinical staging, invasion and metastasis of tumor cells. The expression of HIF-1α and VEGF was one of the predictors for the biological behaviors of retinoblastoma. HIF-1α and VEGF may play an important role in angiogenesis and tumor progression in retinoblastoma.

ObjectiveTo investigate the effect of sivelestat sodium on the prognosis in patients with acute lung injury (ALI) and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS).Methods Databases including PubMed, EBSCO, Springer, Ovid, Wanfang data, CNKI and China Biology Medicine (CBM) were searched to identify randomized controlled trials (RCTs) regarding sivelestat sodium treatment for ALI/ARDS published from 1985 to December 2014. The patients in treatment group received intravenous infusion of sivelestat sodium, and those in control group received normal saline. The items for analysis were 28-day mortality, duration of mechanical ventilation, length of intensive care unit (ICU) stay, and oxygenation index on day 3. According to the evaluation method of Cochrane system, data extraction and quality assessment from the literature were carried out. Meta-analysis was performed using RevMan 5.3. The publication bias was analyzed with funnel plot.Results Five RCTs with a total of 780 participants were included, with 389 patients in sivelestat sodium group, and 391 in control group. Meta analysis showed: compared with control group, sivelestat sodium could not lower the 28-day mortality [odds ratio (OR) = 0.91, 95% confidence interval (95%CI) =0.66-1.26,P = 0.58], or shorten the duration of mechanical ventilation or length of ICU stay [duration of mechanical ventilation: mean difference (MD) = -0.02, 95%CI = -0.29 to 0.24,P = 0.87; length of ICU stay:MD = -9.63, 95%CI =-23.34 to 4.08,P = 0.17], but it could improve oxygenation index on day 3 (MD = 0.88, 95%CI = 0.39 to 1.36, P = 0.000 4). Heterogeneity was not significant for the main analysis and no publication bias was shown on funnel plot. Conclusion Sivelestat sodium gave rise to a better oxygenation on day 3, but did not change the length of mechanical ventilation and ICU stay, and it did not improve 28-day mortality in ALI and ARDS.

Objective To discuss the effects and influence of preoperative and postoperative adjunctive intravitreal conbercept in 23G vitrectomy for proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR).Methods A retrospective research was performed on 42 PDR eyes from January 2015 to February 2016 in the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University,who received either intravitreal 0.05 mL conbercept injection 7 days before 23G vitrectomy (group A,n =22) or intravitreal 0.05 mL conbercept injection at the end of 23 G vitrectomy (group B,n =20).The operative time,postoperative vitreous hemorrhage (VH),intraoperative and postoperative other differences of clinical indicators and postoperative best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) between the two groups were compared.Results The average operation time,intraoperative electric coagulation hemostasis rate,iatrogenic hiatal incidence and intraoperative hemorrhage rate of group A were lower than those of group B (all P ＜ 0.05).BCVA at 6 months after surgery did not differ significantly between two groups (P ＞ 0.05),but the difference was statistically significant between pre-operation and post-operation (P ＜ 0.05).The incidences of early (≤ 1 month) postoperative VH were 18.2％ (4 eyes) and 15.0％ (3 eyes) in group A and B,respectively (P ＞ 0.05).The incidences of later (＞ 1 month) postoperative VH were 27.3％ (6 eyes) and 0 in group A and B,respectively,the difference was statistically significant (P ＜0.05).The percentages of reoperation were 13.6％ (3eyes with postoperative VH) and 10.0％ (2 eyes with traction retinal detachment) respectively in group A and B.The average times of supplementary laser photocoagulation were (2.3 ± 1.0) times and (1.4 ±0.6) times in group A and B,respectively in follow-up period (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion The adjunctive use of intraoperative intravitreal injection of conbercept can prevent effectively postoperative VH and decrease conveniently the time of supplementary laser photocoagulation in 23G vitrectomy for PDR,as well as the preoperative adjunctive use can decrease the operation time,intraoperative complications and incidences of early postoperative VH.

Objective To evaluate the effects of rosiglitazone on ventilator-associated lung injury (VALI) in mice.Methods Twenty-four healthy male C57 mice,weighing 20-25 g,aged 6-8 weeks,were randomly divided into 3 groups (n =8 each) using a random number table:sham operation group (group S);group VALI;rosiglitazone group (group RGZ).The mice only underwent tracheotomy in group S.In group VALI,the mice were ventilated (respiratory rate 80 breaths/min,duration 4 h,tidal volume 40 ml/kg,fraction of inspired oxygen 21％,inspiratory/expiratory ratio 1:2,PEEP 0).In group RGZ,30 mg/kg rosiglitazone was given orally at 30 min before ventilation,and the other treatments were similar to those previously described in group VALI.At the end of ventilation,the mice were sacrificed,and the left lung was lavaged,and the broncho-alveolar lavage fluid (BALF) was collected for determination of neutrophil count.The pulmonary specimens were collected from the upper lobe of right lungs for microscopic examination of the pathological changes which were scored.The pulmonary specimens were obtained from the middle lobe of right lungs for measurement of the contents of interleukin-lbeta (IL-1β),tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α),high mobility group box-1 (HMGB-1) and receptor for advanced glycation end-products (RAGE) by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.Results Compared with group S,the neutrophil counts in BALF,contents of IL-1β,TNF-α,HMGB1 and RAGE,and lung injury score were significantly increased in VALI group (P＜0.01),and no significant change was found in the parameters mentioned above in group RGZ (P＞0.05).Compared with group VALI,the neutrophil counts in BALF,contents of IL-1β,TNF-α,HMGB1 and RAGE,and lung injury score were significantly decreased in group RGZ (P＜0.01).Conclusion Rosiglitazone can mitigate VALI in mice.