Objective:To explore the perioperative treatment for esophageal cancer patients concomitent with diabetes.Methods:74 operation cases of esophageal and gastric cardia cancer associated with diabetes were analyzed retrospectively from 1976 to July 2003.Results:The occurrence of esophageal and gastric cardia cancer patients concomitent with diabetes was 6.1% among the esophageal cancer operative cases in the same period. The morbidity was 12.2% (including pulmonary infections in 2 cases,incision infection in 1,anastomosis fistula in 2,HHNC in 2 and hypoglycemia in 2 cases).The perioperative mortality was 1.4% with one patient dying of respiratory failure caused by pulmonary infection.Conclusion:Esophageal and gastric cardia cancer patients associated with diabetes are found to be common in thoracic operations (6.1%).It is crucial to control these patients for low morbidity and mortality through enough preparation,satisfactory aneathesial management and good nutrition support perioperatively.

0.05). Conclusion: Elderly patients with stable or surgically treated cardiac disease should not be denied pulmonary resection for primary lung cancer. Cardiological assessment should be sought for all patients with known or suspected cardiac disease prior to pulmonary surgery. In our experience we advocate myocardial revascularisation prior to lung resection in patients with severe left main stem or triple-vessel coronary artery disease along with careful re-evaluation of those patients who underwent coronary artery surgery greater than 5 years previously.

Objective To explore the medical ethical problens in the research of tissue engineering and their clinical application.Methods According to the technical route of tissue engineering ,including seeding cells.scaffold materials,implantation in body,ethical problems and their disposal were dissussed.Results Patient's rights to know the facts of test,efficacy and security of clinical application must be fully ensured during implantation of seeding cells and scaffold materials to human body.Conclusion In needs to formulate related standard of tissue engineered products and perfect politics and regulations.

BACKGROUND:Freeze-dried bone has strong immunogenicity due to insufficient removal of xenoantigen.Deproteinized bone and completely-decalcified bone have weak antigenicity,but the fomer has no osteoinductive property,and the latter has poor biomechanical property,so both of tem are limited in clinical application.OBJECTIVE:To observe the change of rabbit peripheral blood T lymphocyte subsets after transplantation of tissue engineered bone constituted by partially-decalcified freeze-dried bone scaffold and the histological changes of transplanted tissue.DESIGN,TIME AND SETTlNG:Randomized grouping,controlled animal observation.Performed in the State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy(I.E.Department of Stem cells and Tissue Engineering),Huaxi Hospital,Sichuan University between June 2006 and June 2007.MATERlALS:Tissue-engineered bone was in vitro constructed using osteoblasts.Which were derived from rabbit periosteum and used as seeding cells,and xenogeneic cancellous bone,which were antigen self-digested,partially-decalcified freeze-dried bone.METHODS:Forty-eight rabbits were randomly divided into the following 4 groups,with 12 rabbits in each group:partially-decalcified freeze-dried bone group(partially-decalcified bone group),tissue engineered bone group,autogenous bone group.And allogeneic bone group.Partially-decalcified freeze-dried bone,tissue engineered bone,autogenous bone,and allogeneic bone were respectively implanted into the 1 cm segmental defect in rabbit radius in above-mentioned groups.MAINOUTCOME MEASURES:Prior to and 1,2,and 4 weeks after implantation,the change of rabbit peripheraI blood T lymphocyte subsets were examined by flow cytometry；At 2,4,8,and 12 weeks after implantation,osteogenesis of the 4 materials was examined by routine histological examination.RESULTS:①In the partially-decalcifled bone group,peripheral blood CD4+and CD8+1r lymphocytes were significantly increased at 1 and 2weeks afterimplantationthan priortoimplantation(P<0.05).At 4 weeks after implantation.CD4+T lymphocytes were increased,but not significantly,compared with prior to implantation(P>0.05).In the autogenous bone group,CD4’and CD8+T lymphocytes were increased,but not significantly(P>0.05).In the allogeneic bone group,CD4’and CD8+T lymphocytes were significantly increased at weeks 1,2,and 4 after implantation than prior to implantation and the synchroale phase in the other groups(P<0.05).②inthetissue engineeredbonegroup,at week 2 after implantation,osteoblasts and chondroblasts were visible in the material porous,in addition,a new mixed tissue containing bone and cartilage formed and surrounded by osteoclasts,and partial rack was destroved and absorbed.At week 4,newly formed bone had turned into woven bone.At week 8.Lamellar bone was foand.And partially-decalcified freeze-dried bone was completely degraded and absorbed.At week 12,the implant had been completely substituted by lamellar bone,and medullary cavity was recanalized.CONCLUSION:Tissue-engineered bone constituted by taking partially-decalcified freeze-dried bone as scaflfold led to an increase in peripheral blood T lymphocytes,but which did not influence its good repair capabmtv of bone defects.

BACKGROUND:The low output of seed cells and long cycle of traditional ceils culture methods in tendon animal models(rabbits and chicken) restrict the researches of tendon tissue engineering study.OBJECTIVE:To establish an ideal culture protocol of tail tendon in SD rats,to get more seed cells within less time for subsequent engineered tendon construction research.DESIGN,TIME AND SETTING:Controlled observation was performed in the National Key Laboratory of Biotherapy,Department of Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering,Sichuan University between February and November in 2006.MATERIALS:Rat tail tendon cells were harvested from 2 SD rats,aged 7-10 days;human prepuce fibroblasts were offered by National Key Laboratory of Biotherapy,Department of Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering,Sichuan University.METHODS:Tail tendon of SD rats was draw off and cut into pieces,which were then cultured in 10% fetal bovine serum+DFculture medium for getting primary tendoncyte by using suspension tissue culture method. The third generation cells were processed into immuocytochemistry stain with collagen type Ⅰ and Ⅲ,while human prepuce fibroblasts served as controls.Absorbance of stain result was measured by image-pro plus 5.02 for statistical analysis.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:Immuocytochemistry stain and absorbance measurement of SD rat tail tendon cells.RESULTS:The second generation of SD rat tail tendon cells were positive for type Ⅰ collagen stain,and negative for type Ⅲ collagen stain;human fibroblast were positive for both Ⅰ and Ⅲ collagen. In the rat tail tendon cells and human flbroblasts,the absorbance value of type Ⅰ collagen expression was dramatically higher than of type Ⅲ collagen(P＜0.05). There was no significant differences addressing the absorbance of type Ⅲ collagen expression between type Ⅰ and Ⅲ collagen of SD rat tail tendon cells and blank control group (P＞0.05).CONCLUSION:Cells cultured from SD rat tail tendon have biological characteristic of tendon cells. Tissue piece suspensionculture can obtain a quantity of primary or subcuitured cells of rat tail tendon within a short time.

Objective To study the molecular mechanism of atherosclerosis induced by intravascular pressure.Methods Technic aortic coarctation (TAC) was performed in ApoE-/-mice (n＝8) and control littermate (n＝8) mice.HE staining was performed in the vessels upstream and downstream of the mice models.In vitro,hypoxia inducible factor-1a (HIF-1α),heme oxygenase,reactive oxygen species and phosphorylated AMP activated protein kinase (AMPK) were analyzed in different intravascular pressure with a myograph system that allowed independent variation of flow and pressure.Results After one month of TAC,ApoE/ mice in a normal chow diet developed occlusive plaque and accelerated atherosclerotic lesions exclusively in upstream high-pressure vessel segments.In vitro,HIF-1α was increased,heme oxygenase was higher over(2.7 ±0.6) fold,reactive oxygen species and phosphorylated AMPK were also enhanced in high intravascular pressure perfused vessel segments as compared with low intravascular pressure perfused vessel segments (all P＜0.05).Conclusions Intravascular pressure elevation can activate hypoxia and metabolism-associated pathways in the arterial wall,and predispose atherosclerosis accelerated.

Objective To evaluate the expression of epidermal growth factor-like domain 7 (Egfl7) in atherosclerotic plaques and effects of its small interference RNA (siRNA) on angiogenesis gene expression in human endothelial cell line (HUVEC). MethodsEgfl7 expression in atheroscleroticplaquesweredetectedinhumaniliacarteryandmousearteriaeusing immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence stainings.The siRNA targeting Egfl7 was transfected into HUVEC by lipofectamine with non-transfected cells and unconcerned siRNA as controls.At 0 h,12 h,24 h and 48 h after intervention,the levels of mRNA and protein of Egf17,vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF),platelet derived growth factor-A (PDGF-A),platelet derived growth factor-B (PDGF-B),vascular cell adhesion molecule(VCAM) and intercellular adhesion molecule (ICAM)were measured by RT-PCR and Western blotting,respectively. ResultsThe expressions of Egfl7 in human iliac artery and mouse arteriae were increased.The expressions of Egfl7 in HUVEC at the levels of mRNA were[(0.14±0.02),(0.09±0.01),(0.02±0.01)]and the levels of protein[(0.71±0.11),(0.39±0.09),(0.07±0.01)]at 12 h,24 h and 48 h after siRNA intervention,respectively,which were decreased as compared with 0 h intervention [(0.31 ±0.05) and (0.93±0.08) ].Other genes such as VEGF,PDGF-A and PDGF-B were reduced or silenced at the levels of protein and mRNA in HUVEC with siRNA longer interventions(all P＜0.05).ConclusionsThe expression of Egfl7 in atherosclerotic plaques is increased.The siRNA inhibiting Egfl7 gene expression results in silence of other factors involved in angiogenesis.

In this brief review, some key issues related to cryopreservation of seeding cells, scaffolds, and engineered tissues are outlined. The importance of cryopreservation technology to the research and development of tissue engineered products is demonstrated. The biological or biochemical reaction rate must be reduced or completely shut off in order to preserve the tissue engineered products for a long period of time. Cryopreservation may be one of the possible approaches to the fulfillment of this requirement. Seeding cells are stored at low temperature. Tissue engineered scaffold products are usually lyophilized. Engineered tissues are preserved by vitreous cryopreservation technology.
Cell Count ; Cell Survival ; Cryopreservation ; methods ; Humans ; Tissue Engineering ; Tissue Preservation ; Tissue Survival

Using tissue-engineered tendons to repair tendons and ligaments as well as functional reconstruction is the focus of nowadays researches. The scaffolds must be not only unharmful to health, but also easy for cells attachment, and be able to induce collagen deposition to form a neotendon with mechanic properties similar to those of normal tendon. In recent researches, it has been found that the mechanic properties of the implants change with the degrading and femdonizing of scaffolds. The relationships between collagen deposition, scaffolds degradation and mechanic properties of neotendon need to be defined more clearly.
Animals ; Biocompatible Materials ; metabolism ; Biodegradation, Environmental ; Bioprosthesis ; Collagen ; metabolism ; Dogs ; Mice ; Rats ; Sheep ; Tendons ; Tissue Engineering

Objective To evaluate the influence of epimeric glycyrrhizic acid on production of endothelin-1 (ET-1) in the lungs induced by ischemia-reperfusion(I/R) injury.Methods Twenty healthy long-ear white rabbits of both sexes, weighing 1.1-2.1kg were randomly divided into 2 groups: group I I/R alone ( n = 10) and group II I/R + epimeric glycyrrhizic acid (n = 10). The animals were anesthetized with thiopental 25 mg?kg-1 and tracheotomized and mechanically ventilated (FiO2 = 100% , VT = 10-13 ml?kg, RR = 20-30 bpm, I:E= 1: 1.2). Anesthesia was maintained with fentanyl, thiopental and vecuronium. Femoral artery was cannulated for continuous direct BP monitoring. MAP was maintained at 70-90 mm Hg during experiment. Right interval jugular vein was cannulated. Catheter was inserted into right atrium for fluid administration, blood sampling and right atrial pressure monitoring. Chest was opened and the hilum of right lung was mass-ligated to induce ischemia for 60 min and then released for reperfusion for 60 min. Epimeric glycyrrhizic acid 30 mg?kg-1 was given iv 30 min before ischemia of the right lung. Blood samples were taken from right atrium and femoral artery for determination of ET-1 concentration before ischemia of right lung (T0) and 1 and 5 min after right lung started being perfused (T1 , T2). At the end of 60 min reperfusion of the right lung, the animals were sacrificed and lungs (right and left) were removed for electron microscopic examination. Results In group 1 at T, the ET-1 levels in the blood from both femoral artery and right atrium were significantly higher than the baseline (T0) and the ET-1 concentration in the blood from femoral artery was significantly higher than that from right atrium. In group II there was no significant difference in blood ET-1 concentration between T0 and T, .Conclusion Ischemia-reperfusion induces increased production of ET-1 in the injured lung. Epimeric glycyrrhizic acid can inhibit the increase in the production of ET-1 in the induced by I/R.