In order to study the role of prostaglandin E2(PGE_2)on the pathogenesis of candidal vaginitis,the effect of Candida albicans and histamine on the production of PGE_2 by peripheral blood mononuclear cells from patients with candidal vaginitis and normal controls,the effect of PGE2 on germ tube formation of Candida albicans,and the effect of PGE2 on Candida albicans adhering to vaginal ep- ithelial cells were observed.The results showed that:Candida albicans and histamine induced PGE2 synergistically,and the production of PGE2 increased markedly.PGE2 enhanced germ tube formation in Candida albicans,increased the number of Candida albicans adhering to the vaginal epithelial cells, and the pathogenicity of C.albicans.The above results indicate that PGE_2 plays a role in the pathogene- sis of candidal vaginitis.

BACKGROUND: Pathogenesis and pathophysiological changes of chronic compressive cervical myelopathy havenotbeen completely clarified.OBJECTIVE: To establish an animal model of experimental chronic compressive cervical myelopathy for the exploration of the pathological and electrophysiological changes after chronic spinal compression.DESIGN: A randomized and controlled observatory study using experimental animals as subjects.SETTING: An Animal Experimental Center of a University and an Orthopaedic Laboratory of Affiliated Hospital of a Military Medical University MATERIALS: The study was conducted in the Animal Experimental Center of Nantong Medical University and the Orthopaedic Laboratory of Shanghai Changzheng Hospital from June 2002 to April 2003. Sixty 12-week healthy Chinese rabbits of either gender with a bodymass between 2.5 kg and 3.0 kg were randomly divided into control group( n = 6) and study group( n = 54).METHODS: Titanic metal screw was put into C5 vertebra through cervical anterior approach for progressive compression to establish chronic cervical myelopathy model.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:Principal consequences: ①histological examination ;②electrophysiological examination. Secondary consequence:neural function evaluation.RESULTS: Totally 48 rabbits entered into result analysis, in which 6 rabbits from control group and 42 rabbits from study group. Modified Tarlov's motor function evaluation was 3 in 31 rabbits with compression signs, and 4 in 11rabbits without compression signs. The latency of N1 wave in cortical somatosensory evoked potentials (CSEP) was (9.11 ± 1.61 ), ( 11.36 ± 2.17)and (17.55 ± 3.73) ms respectively in animals of control group, animals of study group without compression signs and animals of study group with compression signs. The lantency of CSEP N1 wave was significantly longer in animals of study group with compression signs than that of the animals in the control group and study group without compression signs (P＜0.05).CONCLUSION: This animal model can simulate clinical invasion process of chronic compressive cervical myelopathy. The severer the spinal compression is, the more often the compression signs appear, the longer the lantency of CSEP N1 wave is, and the more serious the spinal pathological damages are.

BACKGROUND:Arthroscopic anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction is the conventional surgical treatment at present for patients with severe anterior cruciate ligament injury or fracture. However, the opinions varies about whether the ACL remnant should be preserved, and its impact on the knee proprioception gets more and more attention. OBJECTIVE:To compare the influence of arthroscopic ACL reconstruction with remnant preservation or not on the proprioception of the knee joint using a meta-analysis. METHODS:We retrieved randomized control ed studies on arthroscopic ACL reconstruction with remnant preservation or not from 2001 to 2016. Meta-analysis was used to compare postoperative threshold to detection of passive motion (TTDPM), passive angle regeneration test, joint position sense and KT-1000/2000, IKDC, and Lysholm scores between remnant preservation or not. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1) A total of 11 randomized control ed trials were included. (2) The meta-analysis results showed that postoperative TTDPM [OR=-0.50,95%CI(-0.74,-0.26), P<0.0001], passive angle reproduction [OR=-0.13, 95%CI(-0.26,-0.01), P=0.03<0.05] and Lysholm scores [OR=1.25, 95%CI(0.63, 2.06), P=0.0002], IKDC scores (OR=1.28, 95%CI([0.27, 2.28], P=0.01] in preserving-remnant were superior to removing-remnant for arthroscopic ACL reconstruction. However, there were no statistical y significant differences in KT1000/2000 scores [OR=-0.05, 95%CI(-0.13, 0.03), P=0.24] and joint position sense [OR=-0.30, 95%CI(-0.79, 0.18), P=0.22]. (3) In the arthroscopic ACL reconstruction, retained stump postoperative proprioception recovered wel and can obtain satisfactory clinical effect. However, prospective large-sample long-term randomized control ed trials are needed for verification.

OBJECTIVE:To provide reference for improving the rationality of the personnel of pharmacy department and pro-moting the development of related pharmacy work in hospitals of Bengbu. METHODS:Questionnaire was designed to investigate and statistically analyze the general situation of secondary and tertiary hospitals in Bengbu in aspects of personnel,dispensing work-load and post setting,suggestions were put forward. RESULTS:Totally 13 questionnaires were sent out,10 were effectively re-ceived with the effective rate of 76.9%. The average proportion of investigated pharmacy staff to the whole health technical workers was 5.0%;primary pharmacist was 39.0%,chief pharmacist was 2.2%;college education was 44.9%,master degree or above was 3.0% ;the average daily prescription volume of outpatient was 375,daily trips of inpatient department was 267;4.4% of the staff were engaged in clinical pharmacy,only 4 hospitals carried out clinical pharmacy work;only 1 hospital had the Pharmacy Intrave-nous Admixture Service (PIVAS). CONCLUSIONS:The hospital pharmacy personnel configuration is not reasonable in Bengbu, dispensing is overloaded,the development of PIVAS is lagging behind,clinical pharmacy work remains to be further improved. It is suggested to promote the work of hospital pharmacy by increasing the numbers of pharmacy personnel,technical titles and practi-cal skills of the pharmacy staff,strengthening the construction of PIVAS and the cultivation of clinical pharmacists according to the condition.

Objective To investigate the aberrant methylation and expression of growth arrest and DNA-damage-in-ducible 45 gamma (GADD45G) gene in gastric cardia adenocarcinoma (GCA). Methods Bisulfite conversion-methylation specific polymerase chain reaction method (BS-MSP) and immunohistochemistry method were used respectively to detect the methylation status and protein expression of GADD45G in 138 GCA tumor tissues and corresponding normal tissues. Re-sults The methylation status of GADD45G distal promoter (region 1) was not detected in GCA tumor tissues and corre-sponding normal tissues. For GADD45G region 2 and region 3, the BS-MSP results of region 3 were identical to that of re-gion 2. The methylation frequency of proximal promoter and exon 1 in GADD45G island 2 (region 2 and region 3) in GCA tu-mor tissues (49.3%, 68/138) was significantly increased compared to that in corresponding normal tissues (0, P＜0.01). The methylation status of this two sites in tumor tissues was associated with TNM stage of tumors (P＜0.05). The protein expres-sion of GADD45G in tumor tissues was significantly decreased than that in corresponding normal tissues (P ＜ 0.05),and threre was a significant negative correlation with methylation status of GADD45G proximal promoter and exon 1 (rs=-0.398). Conclusion The decreased expression of GADD45G by hypermethylation of proximal promoter exon 1 of the gene may play an important role in gastric cardia adenocarcinoma.

Objective This paper aims to find a best position of ephedrine hydrochloride nasal drops by comparing earache occurred in hyperbaric oxygen(HBO )therapy while using ephedrine hydrochloride nasal drops in two positions: laying in lateral position of 45°with head leaning back; laying down flat, so as to supply reference for prevention of earache. Methods We selected 300 cases of HBO patients who were firstly treated by HBO and randomly divided into the observation group and the control group with 150 cases in each group. All these patients were treated by large medical hyperbaric oxygen tank. On the first to third day, ephedrine hydrochloride nasal drops were put into the patients before they were sent into the oxygen tank. Patients in the observation group lay in lateral position of 45°with their head leaning back, and those in the control group were in horizontal position. We put three drops of 1% of ephedrine hydrochloride nasal drops respectively into their nasal cavity. When they came out of the oxygen tank, we asked them if they felt earache and checked their tympanic membrane so as to make a comparison. Results It was found that earache, rate of tympanic membrane injury and the extent of such injury in the observation group was obviously less than that in the control group, there was difference in statistics between these two groups. Conclusions Before HBO treatment, ephedrine hydrochloride nasal drops that put in lateral position of 45°with patients head leaning back can reduce the possibilities of earache occurred in HBO. It was also observed that such position was an ideal one which had anatomical characteristics of Eustachian tube and was safer than laying down flat, so such position is more practical.

BACKGROUND:In allogene hematopoietic stem cell transplantation,the choice of preconditioning scheme is an important link of the success of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation,and a major research direction of stem cell transplantation.The myeloablative pretreatment scheme has great toxicity,and pretreatment related death rate is high.Thus,it is necessary to explore an ideal pretreatment scheme to expect a decrease in side effects and relapse.OBJECTIVE:To observe the effect of modified Bu/CY pretreatment regimen for treating hematologic malignancies.METHODS:The 8 patients were selected at the Department of Hematology,Haikou Municipal People's Hospital Affiliated to Xiangya School of Medicine,Central South University from November 2003 to March 2008,and received modified Bu/CY pretreatment:cytarabine 2.0-3.0 g/(m2·d)×2 d,intravenous drip,for 24 consecutive hours;myleran 4 mg/(kg·d)×3 d;cyclophosphamide 50 mg/(kg·d)×2 d;methyl-cyclohexyl nitrosourea 25 mg/(m2·d)×1 d;antithymocyte globulin 25 mg/(kg·d)×4 d. We have increased the arabinosylcytosin dose twice,and changed to a 24-hour infusion via intravenous drip,so that pretreatment strength was increased and promote lasting implantation of hematopoietic stem cells,based on the modified program.Graft-versus-host disease(GVHD)prevention:cyclosporin A and mycophenolate mofetil would be used advanced to minus 7 days (one day before stem cell transfusion is minus 1)based on the classic methotrexate regimen.The ABO blood group changes and DNA were tested in patients before and after ransplantation.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:①The detection of hematopoietic reconstitution after transplantation:All patients have received hematopoietic reconstitution,with no pretreatment-related death.The white blood cells reduced to 0 after-3- +7 days of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation,and continues to(3-22)days,+10- +21 days white blood cells ＞ 1.0×109/L,+11- +51 days,platelets ＞ 20x109/L.②Incidence of GVHD:of 8 patients,there were GVHD Ⅳ grade(intestinal)in 1 case,acute graft-versus-host disease grade Ⅰ-Ⅱ in 3 cases.Above-mentioned results indicated that the further modification of BU/CTX2 regimen may be an effective pretreatment program,with a few side effects,which is better than the classic total-body irradiation/CY regimen.What's more,it is simple accurate,reliable rote of anti-leukemia and will be a safe and effective method for treating hematologic malignancies.

BACKGROUND: Effective mobilization and collection of hemopoietic stem cells are initial factors for peripheral stem cell transplantation, while they make sure a permanent reconstruction of hemopoiesis. Mobilization and collection have been developed; however, the collection is more, and the yield of hemopoietic stem cells is various. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the best time of mobilization and collection of peripheral blood stem cells from healthy donors. METHODS: A total of 16 donors who were selected from Haikou People's Hospital between January 2003 and December 2008 were randomly divided mobilization group (A, n=6) and mobilization + collection group (B, n=10). A group was subcutaneously injected with 5.0-10.0 μg/(kg·d) recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (rhG-CSF) (Filgrastim), and B group was treated with rhG-CSF and intravenously injected with 10 mg dexamethasone. Peripheral stem cells were collected twice in each group. The two groups were collected at the fourth and 5~(th) day of mobilization after the second or 4th hour subcutaneous injection of rhG-CSF. The collection was 4.0-5.0 mL, the manhandled volume was 3.0-5.0 mL, and the total blood volume was 6.7-10.1 L. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Number of mononuclear cells was (4.0-8.0)×10~8 kg~(-1) in the two groups. The cell concentration of fourth hour was higher than the second hour after rhG-CSF treatment (P < 0.05). The mononuclear cell concentration of fourth hour was higher than the second hour after the fourth and 5~(th) day of rhG-CSF treatment. Our research showed that we could collect sufficient amount of cells (to a high concentration) by one time, which had reasonable collection time - value-effectiveness relationship, when the cycle blood volume was 1.8-2.2 times of circulating blood volume.

Objective To assess whether the G870A polymorphism of cyclin D1 (CCND1)was associated with individual susceptibility to gastric cancer in China. Methods Case-control study of 214 individuals was conducted, including 108 controls (non ulcerative dyspepsia) and 106 cases of gastric cancer. The polymorphism analysis of CCND1 A/G was performed in blood samples by PCR-RFLP method. Results The frequency of GG genotype was 19.8% and 7.4% in patients with gastric cancer and controls, respectively. The risk for gastric cancer in patients homozygous (GG) for CCND1 genotypes was 3.5 times higher in comparison with patients carrying AA genotypes (P＜0.05, OR =0.281). Furthermore, the stratification analyses showed that the male, elderly (≥60 years) or H. pylori infected gastric cancer patients who carrying GG genotype were more susceptible to gastric cancer compared with those carrying AA or GA genotype. Conclusion GG genotype is associated with increased susceptibility to gastric cancer in high risk area of Xi'an.

OBJECTIVE:To provide reference for promoting the management of antibiotics in the hospitals. METHODS:Each 3 hospitals from county second grade class A general hospitals,municipal third grade class A general hospitals and provincial third grade hospitals(including 2 third grade class A general hospitals and one third grade special hospital)in Anhui province were select-ed and respectively included into group A,B,and C. By on-site survey mode,questionnaires were used to investigate and score the situation of antibiotics management in hospitals of 3 groups,and then analyzed statistically. RESULTS:Scoring rate (SR) of overall situation on antibiotics management were 65.33%,89.34% and 86.67% in group A,B and C respectively;group A was statistically significantly lower than group B and C (P<0.001). SR of basic situation indicator on antibiotics management were 90.46%,95.25% and 95.25% in group A,B and C,respectively and there was no statistically significant difference among 3 groups (P>0.05). SR of development indicator of antibiotics management were 58.33%,88.90% and 86.10%,respectively in group A,B and C;group A was significantly lower than group B and C (P<0.001). SR of information construction indicator of antibiotics management were 50.00%,83.33% and 77.79% respectively in group A,B and C;group A was significantly lower than group B and C (P≤0.001). SR of information construction indicator of antibiotics management in 3 groups were all signifi-cantly lower than SR of basic situation indicator(P<0.05). SR of development indicator of antibiotics management in group A and C were all significantly lower than SR of basic situation indicator(P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS:The antibiotics management of mu-nicipal third grade class A general hospital is equal to that of provincial third grade hospital,and that of county second grade class A general hospital is in relatively low level. Different levels of hospitals should further strengthen the related antibiotics manage-ment work and information construction,especially for county second grade class A general hospitals.