asize the strategy of simultaneously modifying all of the risk factors, harmonious equipoise of intervention and tailoring treatment.

Objective To explore the clinical characteristics and rehabilitation training of abnormal lateral consonant, namely/l/, of pa-tients with functional articulation disorders (FAD). Methods 107 patients with FAD were observed of the clinical characteristics of/l/. 30 pa-tients with/l/articulation disorder accepted speech training. The correlation and simple linear regression analysis were carried out on/l/ar-ticulation disorders and age. Results The articulation disorder of/l/ mainly showed replacement for/n/,/y/,/r/,/d/ or omission. When/l/combined with vowels contained/i/and/ü/, the main error was omission. When/l/combined with vowels contained/a/,/o/,/e/or/u/, the er-rors trended to be replacement rather than omission. After speech training, the patients made less mistakes about/l/(P<0.001). The frequen-cy of/l/articulation disorders was negatively correlated with age (r=-0.840). The result of simple linear regression analysis showed that the determination coefficient was 0.422. Conclusion The/l/articulation disorder mainly shows replacement or omission, varied with the vow-els. The targeted rehabilitation training may be helpful. Age plays an important role in the outcome of/l/articulation disorder.

Obesity is a major risk factor for the prevalence of cardiovascular diseases ( CV D) in China. The application of imaging techniques is helpful to diagnose the visceral fat obesity. A Large number of studies show a positive relationship between the cardiovascular morbidity and obesity. However, there is not a linear correlation between the prognosis of CVD and the degree of obesity, for example, too high or too low body mass index (BMI) or body fat ratio may increase the risk of CVD mortality. The function and type of adipose tissue determine the impact on cardiovascular system, thus, maintaining an appropriate BMI and body fat ratio is beneficial. Besides weight gain control and prevention of cardiovascular events, one goal of antiobesity is to improve the sickness of adipose tissue.

BACKGROUND:The post and core system for residual roots and crowns can achieve satisfactory effects, when fil ing restoration, ful crowns or inlay has poor effects. OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the clinical use of glass fiber post and metal post in the restoration of endodontical y treated teeth. METHODS:A total of 106 patients with 160 endodontical y treated teeth were selected and restored with glass fiber post (n=80 teeth) and metal post (n=80 teeth) fol owed by porcelain-fused-mental crown. The restorations were evaluated clinical y for 9 to 33 months. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Glass fiber post treatment for 78 teeth was effective and that for two teeth were failed, with a successful rate of 98%. Metal post restoration was effective in 71 teeth and failed in nine teeth including one tooth of crown fracture, four of root fracture and four of post loss, with a successful rate of 89%. There was statistical y significant difference between two groups (P<0.05). Glass fiber post is better in convenient handling and good color and reduced probability leading to root broken for dental restoration compared with metal post.

By deeply analyzing the difference between TCM and WM on thought model,it expounds it a necessary thought of combination of TCM and WM,viewing that the difference between TCM and WM is the drive for medical development,the future medicine will different from the present TCM and WM,the combination of TCM and WM is sure to produce a new medicine.The future medicine is to be a new medicine combining the modern medical methods,and centering on TCM thought model.

AIM: To investigate the mechanisms of Chinese herbal medicin e formulas (Qi-ling-tang, Ba-wei-di-huang-wan and Chai-ling-tang) in the p revention and treatment of diabetes. METHODS: Wistar rats were d ivided into five groups and treated with Qi-ling-tang (the group QLT), Ba-wei -di-huang-wan (the group BWDHW), Chai-ling-tang (the group CLT), water (the group model) and control, respectively. The rats in groups QLT through model we re injected with 30 mg?kg -1 /daily streptozotocin (STZ) for five days beginning on day 8. The glucose concentration, fructosamine, insulin, total-pr otein, albumin and the percentage of W3/25 and OX8 T-cells in serum as well as the body weight of the rats were measured. Tissue sections of paraffin-embedde d pancreas of the rats were observed after staining with HE, AZAN and immunohist ochemistry. RESULTS: After STZ injection, the diabetic incidence of the rats in groups QLT, BWDHW and CLT were significantly lower than that in the group model, especially in the group BWDHW was only 21% by study day 10. A significant decrease in blood glucose concentration was found in groups BWDHW (25%) and CLT (18%) from study day 15 to 26. The percentage of W3/25 cell s in groups QLT and BWDHW was higher than that in the control group. The averag e area of islets and the area of bate cells were greater in groups QLT, BWDHW an d CLT than in the group model. CONCLUSION: Three formulas retard the development of hyperglycemia of rats induced with multiple low doses STZ by increasing the cell mediated immunofunction. The formulas Ba-wei-di-huang-w an and Chai-ling-tang can reduce hyperglycemia.

Objective:To investigate the effective restoration method in penile partial defect.Meth-ods:To measure the thickness of suspensory ligaments on cadavers;To find the relationship between in-ferior pubic ramus and corpora cavernosa crus through corpora cavernosa angiography and ultrasonic scan-ning.The procedure of restoration was based on the use of dissection of the suspensory ligaments and partof crus,and the local fat flap had been transferred to fill the front space of symphysis ossium pubi.Vari-ous flaps were designed as coverage material.Penis residual stump was advanced to anterior portion of thenewly restoration penile body as“glans”;To take full layer skin of penis from post-operating patients toobserve neurofibril regeneration by light microscopy,electron microscopy and scanning electron microsco-py;To determine sensation recovery by physical examination;To check erectile function with NEVA Sys-tem.Results:The whole suspensory ligaments thickness was 7.66cm in average on 30 cadavers(60sides).The crus were attached to bilateral inferior pubic ramus respectively,and distal reached the mid-dle of inferior pubic ramus by corpora cavernosa angiography.In 14 health men by ultrasonic scan-ning,6.60cm in average from root of external penis to location of deep artery penis entered corpora cavernosa.Forty patients had been operated with the above methods.In the cases,the length of the penis variedfrom 0.5-4.0cm in the flaccid,2.0-6.0cm in erect state before operation to 5.0-8.5 cm in theflaccid,7.0-12.5cm in erect state after operation.Twenty-eight cases had been followed up for morethan one year,and 23 patients married with acceptable sexual life,eighteen men had successfully pro-duced their next generations.The regenerative neurofibril could be seen under light microscope,immuno-histochemistry marker,scanning and transmission electron microscope.The penis presented normal painand touch feeling in the post-operating cases.The results showed that there was similar erectile ability ofa normal male in the follow-up patients.Conclusion:With these basic and clinical researches,the resto-ration of penis tends to have a better appearance and function.It's a more optimal method compared withconventional procedures.The results have also provided valuable data for further study in related fields.

Objective To compare clinical effects between cilostazol(CLT)alone and cilostazol combined with pancreatic kininogenase(PK)on lower extremity arterial disease in diabetic patient(LEADDP).Methods Patients with LEADDP were randomly divided into 2 groups:single medication group or the control group(53 cases)and combination group or the treatment group(53 cases).Sugar-reducing medicines were given before and after treatment to keep a steady blood glucose level.The control group took CLT orally 100 mg each time,twice a day.Besides receiving the same dose of CLT,the treatment group took 120 tablet of PK on an empty stomach,three times a day,with the duration of 3 months.Clinical symptoms,ankle/brachial index(ABI),blood rheology,nailfold microcirculation,intimal medial thickness(IMT)and plaque thickness were compared between the 2 groups after treatment.Results Symptoms in both groups improved after treatment.ABI was elevated significantly compared to that before treatment(P<0.05)and the change was more obvious in combination group.The difference of ABI after treatment between the 2 groups had statistical significance(P<0.05).IMT of the right foot dorsal artery,and left and right posterior tibial artery increased significantly compared to that before treatment(P<0.05).Plaque thickness decreased compared to that before treatment(P<0.01)and the difference between before and after treatment in combination group was significantly greater than that in single medication group(P<0.05).Conclusion Cilostazol combined with pancreatic kininogenase has better clinical effects than cilostazol alone in treatment of patients with LEADDP.

Objective To explore the clinical efficacy of adefovir dipivoxil in treatment of liver cirrhosis.Methods 45 cases with liver cirrhosis admitted in 302 Military Hospital of Chian in 2012 were randomly divided into experiment group(n=25)and control group(n=20).Experiment group was treated with adefovir dipivoxil,and control group was given traditional therapy.Two groups were treated for six months.Renal function,liver function and liver firosis were examined with every month,the recovery indexes of renal function between two groups were detected and compared after treatment, which was used to judge the clinical efficacy of adefovir dipivoxil. Results Before treatment,there were no significant differences in the thickness of spleen,serum indexes of portal vein,splenic vein and hepatic fibrosis between experiment group and control group.After treatment,the liver and spleen condition and liver fibrosis index including HA,LN,PCIII,IV-C in two groups were significantly improved by B ultrasound and serum detection,and the improvement degree of experimental group was significantly higher than control group(P<0.05).Conclusion Adefovir dipivoxil has better therapic efficacy in treatment of liver cirrhosis.

[Summary] Clinical studies have confirmed that metabolic surgery is an effective method for the treatment of diabetes ,which can significantly relieve symptoms of type 2 diabetes ,improve various complications and reduce cardiovascular events. Currently ,major limitations of this technique in clinical practice in China include the lack of understanding on surgical benefits ,difficulty in selection of surgery indications and division‐based treatment modalities. Thus ,we should explore a cooperation model of multi‐discipline teams ,understand the mechanisms of type 2 diabetes remission by metabolic surgery and develop physician internist leading standard post‐operation management. These strategies will greatly promote the development of metabolic surgery for type 2 diabetes in China.