BACKGROUND:Stem cel transplantation is a new method for blinding eye disease. But there is a lack of research about the protective effect of retinal stem cel transplantation on retinal ganglion cel s in glaucoma. OBJECTIVE:To explore the protective effect of retinal stem cel transplantation on retinal ganglion cel s of rats with glaucoma. METHODS:Forty-five Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into three groups (n=15 per group) including control, model and retinal stem cel transplantation groups. Rat models of glaucoma were prepared in the latter two groups, and at 7 days after modeling, rats in the three groups were given intravitreal injection of 1 mL retinal stem cel s (5x106 cel s), the same amount of PBS, and no treatment, respectively. Subsequently, relative indicators were detected at 2 weeks after transplantation. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The expressions of brain-derived neurotrophic factor and insulin-like growth factor I protein as wel as the number of retinal ganglion cel s were the highest in the control group, fol owed by the retinal stem cel transplantation group model group, and the lowest in the model group (P<0.05). The number of apoptotic retinal ganglion cel s in model group was significantly higher than that of control group (P<0.05), and which in the retinal stem cel transplantation group was significantly lower than that in the model group (P<0.05), but higher than that in the control group (P<0.05). These results suggest that retinal stem cel transplantation for rat glaucoma can exert a protective effect on retinal ganglion cel s.

The polymorphism of Bf was determinated in 234 healthy human sera in Beijing by agarose gel high-voltage electrophoresis and PAGIEF followed by immunofixation. The distribution of Bf phenotypes was observed: SS 171, FS 49, FF 8, SS07 4, FS07 1 and SS045 1. Their allele frequencies were, Bf~s = 0.8462, Bf~F=0.1410, Bf~(S07)=0.0107, Bf~(S045)=0.0021. The distribution of Bf phenotypes was good agreement with the Hardy-weinberg law.The time limits of Bf phenotypes in 22 bloodstain samples was determinated.

The development of the human facial canal and the facial nerve of 229 temporal sides from 11 weeks fetuses to infancies were studied by histological method. The results showed that the facial canal was formed by the membranous ossification and by cartilaginous ossification. The lateral wall, inferior wall of the horizontal segment and the eminous segment, the superior wall of the labyrinthine segment of the facial canal were formed by the membranous ossification. The sequence of the membranous ossification had some regularities. The rest of the facial canal was ossified in the cartilaginous bone. The development of the facial nerve grew in advanced embrylogical age. The length and width diameters of the facial nerve in the facial canal were almost the largest in size before birth. The size of the facial nerve to that of the facial canal is kept in a more or less constant proportion. It was found that the facial norve was largest at the distal portion of the labyrinthine segment of the facial canal and smallest at the stylomastoid foramen.We put forward the conclusion that the disturbances of the membranous ossification in any portion of the facial canal and the anomalies of the pneumatization of the mastoid process were the main causes for the deficiency of the facial canal.

Objective To observe the clinical effect of resin adsorbing devices combined with hemodialysis in the treatment for renal osteopathy in chronic renal failure patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis.Methods Fifty two patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis for at least 2 years,admitted from January 2004 to October 2006,were divided into three groups:group A,resin adsorbing devices combined with hemodialysis group(HP+HD);group B,hemodiafiltration group(HDF+HD);group C,active vitamin D peroral group(Oral vitamin D+HD).The changes in serum parathyroid hormone(iPTH)and phosphorus,urea nitrogen(BUN),creatinine(SCr),hemoglobin(Hb)were compared among the three groups before and after the treatment.Results No significant difference was found in BUN,SCr,and Hb contents among the three groups before and after the treatment.Compared with the data before the treatment,iPTH and phosphorus were decreased significantly after 12 weeks of treatment in group A(P

Objective To study the mental experience of nurses from outpatient department in dealing with patient's complaints.Method Using convenient sampling method,15 nurses from 5 sections of the outpatient department were chosen as interviewees,with the interviews on their mental experience in handling the complaints from outpatients.Result The issues from the interviews included:part of the patients were unable to complain accurately,part of the nurses were ineffective and therefore inactive in handling the complaints;some of the nurses were poor at employing communication skills and some others were incapable of specifying the complaints or asking for assistance.Conclusions Complaint handling is part of the nurses' job in the outpatient service.The nurses should take the initiative to improve their ability in complaint handling,so as to handle the complaints in a positive and effective way and improve patient's satisfaction.

Objective To study the effect of sodium hyaluronate on the expression of transforming growth factor-β3(TGF-β3) and Smad 6 of the epidural scar tissue. Method Totally 60 male SD rats were randomly divided into two groups:the control group(A, n = 30), sodium hyaluronate group(B, n = 30). 0.25 × 1 cm2 dura mater uncovered area laminectomy was performed at L4 and L5, covered with 0.3 ml sodium hyaluronate in group B, covered with same amount of saline in group A. The animals were sacrificed at 2, 4 and 8 weeks after operation. The specimens were prepared for determination of the expression of TGF-β3 and Smad 6 at scar tissue and the degree of scar adhesion according to Rydell method, and observed the ultrastructure changes of scar tissue with transmission electron microscope. Results At 2 weeks after operation, the expression of TGF-β3 mRNA of two groups were 0.22 and 0.257 ( P = 0.027), respectively. At 4 weeks, group B was was increased significantly, and the mean numbers were 0.362 and 0.411 (P = 0.006). At 8 weeks, the expression of TGF-β3 mRNA of group A was increased significantly, too, but the difference between two groups was significantly, they were 0.427 and 0.470 (P =0.015), respectively. The trend of the expression of TGF-β3 and Smad 6 mRNA was similar. At 2, 4, 8, weeks, the expression was 0.169 and 0.205 (P = 0.089), 0.294 and 0.351 (P = 0.031), and 0.469 and 0.543 (P = 0.021), respectively.In group B the duramater adhesion was decreased (P ＜ 0.05), the proliferation of fibroblasts and fihroblastic function were inhibited (P ＜ 0.05). Conclusions Sodium hyaluronate up-regulated the expression of TGF-β3 and Smad6 and reduced the proliferation and collagen synthesis in fibroblast culture in the scar tissue.

Objective To discuss the value of preoperative C-reactive protein (CRP) and eryth-rocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) in predicting postoperative infections following multiple fractures. Methods A study was conducted in 78 patients with multiple fractures (complicated with pelvic frac-ture, ISS > 18) treated in our department from December 2006 to March 2009. CRP and ESR levels be-fore second damage control operation as well as postoperative infections were recorded. Meanwhile, the optimal cut-off value was determined by receiver operating characteristic curve and analyzed. Results There were 11 patients with postoperative infection. The preoperative optimal cut-off value of CRP was 50 mg/L, with a sensitivity of 0.909 and a specificity of 0.821. The preoperative optimal cut-off value of ESR was 27.5 mm/h, with a sensitivity of 0.818 and a specificity of 0.791. The combination tests showed the sensitivity and specificity of 0.875 and 0.900 respectively. Conclusion CRP (50 mg/L) can be a sensitive predictive index for postoperative infection in the multiple fractures (complicated with pelvic fractures). Combination test of CRP and ESR can benefit diagnosis of postoperative infection.

BACKGROUND: Overexpression of cancer suppressor gene ING1 may cause apoptosis of many kinds of cancer cells and results in cell cycle arrest in G1 stage. ING1 is involved in p53 signaling pathway and regulates the activity of p53 as a transcription-activating factor.OBJECTIVE: To explore the association of ING1 gene expression and mutation with the clinicpathological features of colorectal cancer.DESIGN: A controlled observation of the pathological samples.SETTING: Department of General Surgery, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University of Chinese PLA.PARTICIPANTS: Totally 52 fresh colorectal cancer samples were obtained from patients hospitalized in the Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University of Chinese PLA from October 1998 to October 1999. Normal mucosal tissues were also collected 10 cm from the margin of the tumor during the operation. The patients included 29 male and 23 female patients with an average age of 50.28 years.METHODS: ING1mRNA and protein expressions were detected in the 52 colorectal cancer tissue samples. The ING1 gene mutation was detected by analyzing single-stranded DNA polymorphism. The expression of p53 protein in the colorectal cancer tissue was detected immunohistochemically.tion-single-strand conformation polymorphism.was obviously decreased in comparison with that in the normal mucosa(0. 626 ±0. 382 vs 1. 166 ±0. 245, P ＜ 0. 001) . The expression of ING1 in the tumor tissue of patients with lymphatic metastasis was significantly lower than that in the tumor tissues from patients without lymphatic metastasis (0. 393 ±0. 243 vs 0. 960 ±0. 299, P ＜0.01). The expression of p53 protein was positively correlated with ING1 mRNA expression( P ＜ 0.01). Only one of the 52 samples was positive for ING1 gene mutation.CONCLUSION: ING1 gene may participate in the occurrence and progression of colorectal cancer and its decreased expression inhibits the action of tumor suppressor genes. The decrement in ING1 mRNA and protein expression without gene mutation indicates that ING1 participates in the pathogenesis of colorectal cancer in a manner quite different from that of the classic tumor suppressor genes.

3.0 cm in diameters.Contrast-enhancement CT showed tumors with abundant blood vessel,1 case appeared as uniform enhancement and was difficult to distinguish between tumor body and internal carotid and external carotid because of the iso-density of them.On MRI,the flow void blood vessels inside the tumors could be identified and internal carotid and external carotid separated.MRA displayed all the relation between the tumors and carotid and its branches.DSA could demonstrate the supply arteries of the tumors.Conclusion Ultrasonics,CT,MRI and DSA have own definitely characteristic value in diagnosing carotid body tumor.

Alveolar ridge preservation (ARP) can prevent alveolar bone resorption,promote new bone formation and maintain the hard and soft tissue morphologies of tooth socket after tooth extraction,which plays an important role in the field of oral implantology.ARP has become a hot topic in dental research with the rapid development of bone substitute materials.This review focuses on recent development of various bone filling materials as well as future perspective of biomedical materials for ARP.