In view of the imbalance between basic research and clinical research in cancer,and the failure of timely and effective translation from basic achievement to clinical application,new insights to strengthen and accelerate the bidirectional translation between clinical issues and basic achievement have being widely accepted,with the definition of Translational Medicine as a link.With the rapid development of modern molecular biology and cell biology techniques,the strong power of high-throughput deep sequencing,epigenetics,and microenvironment research on exploring cancer biomarkers and interpreting the mechanisms of carcinogenesis and progression,has being taken seriously.Here,we will illuminate the role and further application of deep sequencing,epigenetics,and microenvironment based on analysis from clinical issues or samples in the current cancer research.

Objective To investigate clinical characteristics of children infected with Klebsiella pneumonia (KP) in community and nosocomial ,and analysis briefly about their resistance .Methods 79 cases of children with pneumonia identified as KP infection by the method of sputum bacterial culture were collected and divided into nosocomial infection group (11 cases) and community in-fection group(68 cases) from January 2009 to December 2012 .The clinical information were recorded ,sputum bacterial susceptibili-ty and extended-spectrum β-lactamase enzyme were tested .Results 10 cases and 12 cases of extended-spectrumβ-lactamase enzyme strains were detected from nosocomial infection group and community infection group ,respectively .The children infected KP had a high degree of resistance to cefazolin ,ampicillin/sulbactam ,head penicillin ,ceftriaxone ,aztreonam ,cefepime and ceftazidime ,while sensitive to ciprofloxacin ,cefotetan and piperacillin/tazobactam in the nosocomial infection group .12 cases in community infection group produce highly resistant to penicillin-type drugs ,but were not obvious resistance to other types of antibiotics .Conclusion Multi-drug resistance problems are serious in the pneumonia children who infected KP and the extended-spectrum β-lactamase en-zyme is positive .Infected children should be treated differently in the selection of antibiotics in the treatment of infection in commu-nity and nosocomial .

AIM To investigate the effects of tetracycline on the expression of adhesive molecules E selectin and intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM 1) on human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) stimulated by tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF ?) or lipopolysaccharide (LPS). METHODS HUVECs were activated by TNF ? (0 5～50 ?g?L 1 ) or LPS (0 5～50 mg?L -1 ). Tetracycline (10 -6 ～10 -4 mol?L -1 ) was used to incubate HUVECs for 1 h before stimulation with TNF ? ( 1 ?g?L -1 ) or LPS ( 5 mg?L -1 ) and co incubate HUVECs with TNF ? or LPS for 4 h or 18 h. The expression of adhesive molecules on HUVECs was measured by a cellular enzyme linked immunoabsorbent assay (Cell ELISA) method. RESULTS After stimulation of HUVECs with TNF ? or LPS for 4 h induced E selectin expression, and exposure HUVECs to TNF ? or LPS for 18 h increased constitutive expression of ICAM 1 compared with control group ( P

Objective To investigation effect of glucocorticoid combined with Qingkailing injection on lobar pneumonia IL-10 and serum TNF-levels.Methods 120 cases of lobar pneumonia in children were selected respiratory department fromasin our hospital in December 2012 to December 2014 as the object of study, were divided into control group and observation group, control group were treated with dexamethasone sodium phosphate injection,the observation group in the control group based on the combined with Qingkailing injection, serum IL-10, TNF-a level and curative effect were compared between the two groups pre-and post-treatment in patients.Results The total effective rate of the observation group was 86.67%, higher than that of the control group, the total effective rate was 70%(P <0.05).Before treatment, the two groups of patients with TNF-αand IL-10 were not statistically significant difference.After treatment, the two groups of patients with TNF-αand IL-10 were decreased, and lower than the control group (P<0.05) .Conclusion Glucocorticoid combined with Qingkailing injection can reduce serum IL-10, TNF-alpha level in lobar pneumonia,has a definite effect.

This review article briefly described the interaction and inner link between chemotherapy tolerance and metastasis of breast cancer.The common pathways of occurrence of drug resistance and metastasis were analyzed with formation and outcome of breast cancer epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and with enrichment and function of breast cancer stem cells.The chemotherapy which play positive role in clinical practice was pointed out that may cause negative effects by changing tumor microenvironment.Those evidences show that the theory on tumor microenvironment will help to formulate the research strategies for preventing and reversing resistance of breast cancer to drug and metastasis.

Objective To compare the characteristics of digital subtraction angiography ( DSA) and compu-ted tomography angiography ( CTA) of moyamoya disease .Methods To analyze the characteristic of DSA and CTA in 29 cases with moyamoya disease ,including arterial occlusion ,arteriarctia,abnormal proliferation of vascular ,collat-eral circulation.Results There were no statistically significant differences between DSA and CTA in detecting arteri-al occlusion,arteriarctia(CTA 53 hemicerebrum,DSA 57 hemicerebrum)(χ2 =2.167,P>0.05),abnormal prolifera-tion of vascular (abnormal:CTA 41 hemicerebrum,DSA 45 hemicerebrum;normal:CTA 16 hemicerebrum,DSA 12 hemicerebrum)(χ2 =0.757,P>0.05).But there was statistically significant difference between DSA and CTA in detecting collateral circulation .Conclusion CTA is a good method to find out moyamoya disease .But DSA is better in discovery collateral circulation of moyamoya disease .

Aim To investigate the anti-proliferative effect of salinomycin on doxorubicin-resistant human breast cancer MCF-7 /DOX cells.Methods MCF-7 and MCF-7 /DOX cells were treated or untreated with salinomycin.Cell viability was detected by MTS assay. Cell apoptosis was detected by Annexin V-FITC /PI as-say.Reactive oxygen species (ROS)was measured by DCFH-DA staining.Mitochondrial membrane potential was measured by JC-1 assay.The expression of apopto-sis related proteins BAX, BCL-2, caspase-3, and caspase-9 were evaluated by Western blot analysis. Results The cell viability was significantly reduced by salinomycin treatment in a dose-dependent manner. The flow cytometry results showed that salinomycin in-duced MCF-7 /DOX cell apoptosis,increased ROS pro-duction,and decreased mitochondrial membrane poten-tial.Furthermore,salinomycin decreased the expres-sion of BCL-2,and increased the expression of BAX, cleaved caspase-3,and cleaved caspase-9.Moreover, the antioxidant N-acetylcysteine (NAC ) markedly blocked the above effects.Conclusions Our results suggest that salinomycin-induced apoptosis in MCF-7 /DOX is associated with induction of ROS production, and activation of mitochondria apoptosis pathway, which may become a potential chemotherapeutic agent for the therapy of doxorubicin resistant breast cancer.

Objective To explore the effect and molecular mechanism of miR-34c in cell proliferation and invasion of human prostate cancer PC3 cells.Methods miR-34c was synthesized and transfected into prostate cancer PC3 cells.The ability of cell pro liferation was examined with methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT),and invasion with Transwell assay.The level of c-met mRNA was analyzed by real-time reversing transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR).Western blot was used to detect the expressions of cmet,cyclin D1,and EMT-associated markers.Results Over-expression of miR-34c reduced PC3 cell proliferation,and inhibited the abilities of invasion.Bioinformatics analysis showed that 3'-UTR of c-met had two miR-34c matched sites,and miR-34c inhibited the expressions of c-met mRNA and protein.Meantime,miR-34c obviously decreased the expressions of cyclin D1 and N-cadherin,but increased the expression of E-cadherin in PC3 cells.Conclusions miR-34c may suppress cell proliferation and invasion in prostate cancer PC3 cells,by which mechanism is related to reduction of the expressions of c-met,cyclin D1,N-cadherin,and upregulation of E-cadherin.

Objective To detect the expression of HER2 and TOPOⅡ? in human breast cancer to explore the relationship between them and the potential value in the chemotherapy of breast cancer. Method 24 breast cancer tissues and paired normal tissues were investigated. RT-PCR and imumohistochemical staining were used to detect the expressions of HER2 and TOPOⅡ? at the transcription and protein level respectively. Results HER2 mRNA expressed positively in 29% (7/24) breast cancer tissues vs 4% (1/24) in paired normal tissues. The positive expression of TOPOⅡ? mRNA in breast cancer tissues and paired normal tissues were 92% (22/24) and 21%(5/24) respectively. The result of the immunohistochemical staining showed that the positive rates of HER2 and TOPOⅡ? in breast cancer tissues were 30%(6/20) and 94%(16/17) respectively, which was consistent with RT-PCR. The 6 cancer samples with HER2 positive expression coexpressed TOPOⅡ?. The expression of these two proteins was correlated(R=0.524,P

Objective To study the levels of serum C -reactive protein (CRP),plasma fibrinogen (Fib),D-dimmer(DD)in the first onset young patients with acute progressive cerebral infarction.Methods 42 first onset young patients with acute progressive cerebral infarction(PIS group),50 cases of non -acute progressive cerebral infarction(N -PIS group)and 90 healthy people(health control group)were enrolled.The levels of serum CRP, plasma Fib and DD were detected and compared.Results PIS group:CRP (3.764 ±0.832)mg /L,Fib (3.994 ± 0.851)g/L,DD (1.560 ±0.225)μg/mL;N -PIS group:CRP (2.573 ±0.657)mg/L,Fib (2.468 ±0.739)g/L, DD (0.740 ±0.162)μg/mL;health control group:CRP (1.725 ±0.326)mg/L,Fib (2.103 ±0.584)g/L,DD (0.450 ±0.131)μg/mL.The levels of serum CRP,plasma Fib and DD of PIS group were higher than the other two groups(CRP:PIS group vs.N -PIS group t =8.89,PIS group vs.health control group t =13.99,N -PIS vs.health control group t =8.55,all P <0.01;D -D:PIS group vs.N -PIS group t =23.82,PIS group vs.health control group t =29.46,N -PIS group vs.health control group t =12.59,all P <0.01;FIB:N -PIS group vs.health control group t =2.85,P <0.05,PIS group vs.N -PIS group t =10.06,PIS group vs.health control group t =13.48,all P <0.01).Conclusion The levels of serum CRP,plasma Fib and DD are related to acute progressive cerebral infarction.