Owing to climate influence, mean daily temperature in north China differs greatly from that of the southern regions during the same season. The introduction of Fritillaria thunbergii to Beijing for cultivation was hampered by delayed emergence of seedling and a shortened period for their growth, resulting in degeneration with the underground bulb becoming smaller year after year. With forcing culture as described in this paper, the emergence of seedling came earlier and growth period prolonged. The blossom and fruit became normal.By combining the method with formalin treated seed, diseases and pest index of the bulb were reduced distinctly and the yield increased with increased proportion of larger bulb year after year.

Objective To evaluate the clinical efficacy of intraarterial infusion chemotherapy in patients with advanced and/or recurrent breast cancer. Methods From February 2000 to March 2003, 18 patients with advanced and/or recurrent breast cancer were treated with interaarterial chemotherapy (IAC). The Seldinger's technique was used in all patients. IAC was administered for 2-3 courses every 3-4 weeks for each patient. Results The proceduce was successfully performed in all 18 patients including one with a complete response, 12 of a partial response, none in 3, and with progression in 2. The overall response rate was 72.2%. The frequent adverse effects were fever, leukopenia, nausea, and vomiting but no severe complication occurred. Conclusion Intraarterial infusion chemotherapy is a safe, simple, complication-free and effective in the patients with advanced and/or recurrent breast cancer.

Objective To investigate the effect of cryotherapy of employing Argon/Helium assisted with TACE for the unresectable primary liver carcinoma. Methods 124 cases with primary liver carcinoma were randomly divided into two groups:60 cases were treated by TACE and cryotherapy; the other 64 cases were simply done by TACE as control. In general, TACE was undertaken once a month and altogether three times for a course. Cryotherapy was undergone 1-3 times for a course. Results The total effective rates (CR+PR) were 45.3% for the control group and 68.3% for the combined therapy group, with an obvious difference between the two groups, 0.5,1,1.5 years survival rate were 81.3%,62.5%,43.8% respectively in the control group;93.3%,83.3%,63.3% respectively for the combined group. There was an obvious difference between the two groups of 1,1.5 years of survival rates. Conclusions Cryotherapy of employing Argon/Helium assisted with TACE for the unresectable primary liver carcinoma is feasible with raising the effective rate and prolonging survival time.

Background and purpose:Hyperthermia could directly kill cancer cells or induce apoptosis,it has also been proved to improve immunity of patients.In this study,we evaluated the efficacy and side effects of hyperthermia combined with transcatheter arterial infusion chemotherapy in the treatment of intermediate and advanced non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC).Methods:Forty patients with intermediate and advanced non-small cell lung cancer were randomly divided into two groups,with 20 each.Group A was treated with transcatheter arterial infusion chemotherapy in combination with hyperthermia,Group B was treated with interventional arterial infusion chemotherapy alone.Treatment response in both groups were evaluated as well as side effects after one or two cycles.Results:As to Group A,Karnofsky score had been improved in 16 cases,accounting for 80%(16/20);compared with 50%(10/20)in the Group B,there was significant difference(P

Objective To explore the characteristics of chest multi-slice spiral CT and dynamic changes in adult patients with se-vere adenovirus pneumonia.Methods Clinical and CT data of 6 patients with severe pneumonia in an epidemic of the respiratory ade-novirus infection were retrospectively analyzed.The impact of hormone therapy was also studied.Results The first chest CT exami-nations in 6 patients were performed 2.22 ± 0.75 days after fever.CT showed segmental consolidation with ground-glass opacity (GGO)in one case,patchy consolidation with GGO in 3 cases,patchy interstitial changes in one case and small nodules in one case. The duration reaching the standards of severe pneumonia was 6.1 7 ± 0.37 days from the onset.During severe phase chest CT showed a range of lobar consolidation in one case,lobar in 2 cases,segmental in 2 cases or patchy in one case,consolidation with GGO in 5 cases.In all cases the lesions were commonly seen in the lower lobes of bilateral lungs.Multiple lobes were involved in 2 cases.After methylprednisolone treatment,no new lesion was showed but the early lesion was enlarged.During the first 2 to 4 days GGO absorbed completely in 6 cases,consolidation absorbed completely in one case and mostly in 5 cases.Conclusion Chest CT findings of severe adenovirus pneumonia in adult are single or multiple lobar or segmental consolidations with or without GGO which distribute mainly at lower lobes.

Objective To investigate the balance of Th1/Th2 cytokines and its relationship with prognosis of severe chronic hepatitis B ( CHB ). Methods Peripheral blood samples were collected from 112 severe CHB patients, 30 CHB patients and 30 healthy controls. IL-4, IFN-γ levels and HBV DNA loads were measured by ELISA and fluorescent PCR, respectively. The levels of cytokines in different stages, and their correlations with HBV DNA loads and short-term prognosis were analyzed. Results Higher levels of IL-4, IFN-γ and Th1/Th2 ratios in peripheral blood were detected in patients with severe CHB than those with CHB and the healthy controls (Z = 8.968, 10. 004 and 26. 067, P =0. 009, 0. 007 and 0. 000). IL4 levels in patients with end-stage server CHB were markedly higher than those in other stages ( Z = 3. 672 and 3. 158, P= 0.000 and 0.002), while their Thl/Th2 ratios were lower (Z=3. 161 and 2. 166, P=0.002 and 0. 030). No significant differences on levels of IL-4, IFN-γ and Th1/Th2 ratios were observed in severe CHB patients with different HBV DNA levels (Z =4.431, 2.626 and 0. 140, P =0.219, 0.403 and 0. 987). Elevated IL-4 was closely correlated with the high case-fatality rate within 12 weeks. Conclusions The balance between Th1 and Th2 cytokines is- disturbed in patients with severe CHB. Thl/Th2 ratio decreases with the aggravation of diseases, which may indicate unfavorable short-term prognosis.

OBJECTIVE To investigate the protective effects and mechanism of diterpene ginkgolides meglumine injection (DGMI) against oxidative stress induced by oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD) in SH-SY5Y cells. METHODS SH-SY5Y cells were divided into five groups: normal control, model control (OGD group) and drug(25 mg · L- 1) administration groups including DGMI group, extract of ginkgo biloba leaves injection group (EGBLI) and lactones ginkgo biloba injection group (LGBI). The cells suffered from oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD) for 4 h, followed by reoxygenation with drugs for 6 h. Then, cell viabilities were detect using CCK-8 assays, reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels using fluorescence probe DCFH-DA and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities using WST-1 test. Western blotting was used to detected protein levels of hemeoxygenase-1(HO-1), NAD(P)H, quinone oxidore?ductase l (Nqo1), protein kinase B (Akt), phosphorylated Akt (p-Akt), nuclear factor-E2-related factor2 (Nrf2) and phosphorylated Nrf2 (p-Nrf2). The cells were induced by OGD for 4 h, followed by reoxygen?ation and DGMI for 1 h, combined with different concentrations of PI3K inhibitor (LY294002) (at the final concentration of 12.5, 25 and 50 μmol · L-1) before the protein levels of AKT, p-AKT, Nrf2 and p-Nrf2 were detected by Western blotting. RESULTS SH-SY5Y cells induced by OGD for 4 h resulted in an increase in ROS(P<0.01), but a decrease in cell viabilities(P<0.01), SOD activities(P<0.01), and antioxidant protein levels ( Akt, p-Akt, Nrf2, p-Nrf2, HO-1 and Nqo1) (P<0.01). Compared with OGD group, treatment with reoxygenation and drugs (DGMI,EGBLI and LGBI respectively) for 6 h resulted in a decrease in ROS (P<0.01), but an increase in cell viabilities, SOD activities and antioxidant protein levels of p-Nrf2, HO-1, Nqo1 and p-Akt(P<0.05,P<0.01). DGMI group showed the best efficiently. Moreover, after OGD for 4 h, compared with DGMI group, combining reoxygenation and DGMI with LY294002 for 1 h resulted in a concentration-dependent inhibition of the protein levels of p-AKT and p-Nrf2(P<0.01). CONCLUSION DGMI 25 mg · L-1 can inhibit oxidative stress in SH-SY5Y cells induced by OGD by increasing the activity and expression of Nrf2 through PI3K/Akt pathway, which may be one of the mechanisms by which DGMI protects neurons from stroke.

Aim To investigate the protective effects of Diterpene Ginkgolides Meglumine Injection(DGMI)on SY5 Y cells damaged by oxygen-glucose deprivation and its functional mechanisms.Methods After 4 h of OGD,the cells were treated with 25 mg·L-1 drugs for 1 h.Subsequently,cell viabilities were measured by cell counting kit-8(CCK-8 kit)and cell apoptosis was measured by flow cytometric analysis.Furthermore, the mitochondrial membrane potential was detected by rhodamine123 staining.The levels of phospho-p38, phospho-p53,Bcl-2,Bax and cleaved caspase-9/3 were evaluated by western blot.Results DGMI signif-icantly increased the cell viabilities of SY5 Y cells dam-aged by OGD,and reduced OGD-elicited dissipation of mitochondrial membrane potential and cell apoptosis. Furthermore,DGMI also reduced p-p38,p-p53,Bax/Bcl-2 ratio,cleaved caspase-9 and cleaved caspase-3. Conclusion DGMI shows good neuroprotective effects on SY5 Y cells after oxygen-glucose deprivation.The underlying mechanisms may be associated with the sup-pression of p38/p53/Bcl-2 /caspase-9/caspase-3 sig-naling pathway.

Objective To investigate the clinical significance of peripheral blood Th17 cells and their cytokines in the patients with tongue squamous cell carcinoma.Methods Sixty-six cases of tongue squamous cell carcinoma in our hospital from January 2013 to January 2016 served as the research subjects and contemporaneous 42 volunteers undergoing healthy physical examination were selected as the control group.Peripheral blood was collected in all subjects.The proportion of peripheral blood Th17 cells was detected by flow cytometry.The IL-17,TGF-β and IL-6 cytokine levels were detected by ELISA.Results The proportion of peripheral blood Th17 cells,IL-17,TGF-β and IL-6 in the observation group and the control group were (1.46±0.41)% vs.(0.31±0.12)%,(123.36±21.20)pg/mL vs.(20.76±8.95)pg/mL,(215.80±21.52)pg/mL vs.(26.90±10.41)pg/mL,(17.32±8.02)pg/mL vs.(5.85±1.49)pg/mL respectively,the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).The proportion of peripheral blood Th17 cells,IL-17,TGF-β and IL-6 levels were increased with the increase of tongue squamous cell carcinoma clinical stage (P<0.01).The TGF-β level was positively correlated with the IL-17 level (r=0.626,P=0.021),the IL-6 level was positively correlated with the proportion of Th17 cells and IL-17 (r=0.626,0.597,P=0.021,0.034).Conclusion The increase of Th17 cells and IL-17 expression plays an important role in the development and progression of tongue squamous cell carcinoma,Th17 cells and IL-17 cytokine can become the important target spots of anti-tumor therapy.

Objective To explore the therapeutic effect of arterial PVA perfusion embolization in treating mid and advanced pulmonary carcinoma. Methods Thirty-one patients with pulmonary carcinoma in the mid or late stage diagnosed pathologically underwent selective angiographic studies of the bronchial arteries and intercostal arteries to provide information of the hypervascular feeding vessels, and then performed the perfusion with 5-FU? THP? DDP; followed by PVA grain embolization under fluoroscopic control. Results Abnormal tumor feeding vessels of pulmonary carcinoma were found deriving from bromehial arteries in 21 cases, and from intercostal arteries in 10. After arterial infusion of chemotherapy combined with embolization of PVA,alleviation of clinical symptoms was observed in all 31 cases(100%)without severe complication. The total effectiveness(CR plus PR) reached 80.6%(25/31). Conclusions Arterial embolization of PVA is safe, effective with less complication for treatment of mid or advanced pulmonary carcinoma.