As an anti-inflammatory factor, Interleukin 35 (IL-35) is composed of p35 subunit and EBI3 subunit. IL-35 plays an important role in many diseases, but many mechanisms are not clear. In recent years, it has been found that IL-35 plays an important immunomodulatory role in autoimmune diseases, such as rheumatoid arthritis, inflammatory bowel disease, psoriasis, idiopathic inflammatory myopathy, systemic lupus erythematosus, multiple sclerosis, type I diabetes, pemphigus and primary biliary cirrhosis, etc. This review summarizes the research progress of the mechanism of IL-35 in the above autoimmune diseases.

Objective To determine whether the candidates who were disqualified for having phoria or tropia in People′s Liberation Army Air Force ( PLAAF) medical selection of flying cadets are qualified or not according to United States Air Force ( USAF) Medical Standards Directory , and to raise suggestions on revising PLAAF medical standards . Methods All the candidates who had participated in the final medical selection of flying cadets were reevaluated and determined as qualified or not according to USAF Medical Standards Directory .Results There was a marked difference between disqualification rates of PLAAF and USAF .13.87%of the candidates who were regerded as disqualified by PLAAF standards were qualified according to USAF Medical Standards Directory .These cadets might be eliminated by mistake . Conclusion The standard on heterophonies of the PLAAF is more stringent than that of the USAF .We shoucd revise PLAAF standards using USAF standards for reference .

The oncogenic isoform of the p63 protein, delta NP63, plays an important role in the pathogenesis of many epithelial carcinomas, and emerging evidences suggest that delta NP63 is a promising drug target. However, the functions of delta NP63 in transitional cell carcinoma of bladder (TCCB) are poorly defined. In this study, a delta NP63 shRNA expression vector was transfected into TCCB cell line 5637 and cell cycling, cell proliferation and protein expression were assessed by flow cytometry and 3-(4, 5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2, 5-dimethyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay, and immunohistochemistry, respectively. The delta NP63 shRNA expression vector was also injected into 5637 cell xenograft tumors in nude mice, and tumor size was measured, tumor tissue morphology was assessed by immunohistopathology and transmission electron microscopy. In the in vitro study, delta NP63 shRNA transfection caused successful delta NP63 gene silencing and resulted in significant arrest of cell cycling and cellular proliferation (p<0.05) as well as cyclin D1 expression. In the nude mouse xenograft model, delta NP63 shRNA greatly inhibited tumor growth, induced tumor cell apoptosis (p<0.05) and resulted in cyclin D1 downregulation. Our data suggest that delta NP63 may play an oncogenic role in TCCB progression through promoting cell survival and proliferation. Intratumoral administration of delta NP63-specific shRNA suppressed tumor delta NP63 expression and cellular proliferation while promoted tumor cellular apoptosis, and therefore inhibited tumor growth and improved survival of xenograft-bearing mice, which was not accompanied by significant signs of systemic toxicity.
Animals ; Carcinoma, Transitional Cell/*genetics/metabolism ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cell Proliferation ; Cyclin D1/biosynthesis ; Disease Progression ; Female ; Humans ; Mice ; Mice, Nude ; Microscopy, Electron, Transmission ; Models, Biological ; Neoplasm Transplantation ; Trans-Activators/*biosynthesis/*physiology ; Tumor Suppressor Proteins/*biosynthesis/*physiology ; Urinary Bladder Neoplasms/*genetics/metabolism