Objective To study blood supply by inferior phrenic artery to hepatic carcinoma and the value of interventional embolization of the artery. Methods 35 cases of primary hepatic carcinomas,with one severe biliary tract hemorrhage,underwent both hepatic and phrenic artery angiography,and chemoembolizational therapy through the hepatic arteries and the phrenic arteries that had blood suply.And those with the biliary tract hemorrhage were managed by means of gelfoam and coil embolization. Results It was found that 21 of the 35 cases had blood supply by inferior phrenic artery to hepatic carcinomas and they were mainly in mass pattern and diffuse infiltration pattern with invasion of hepatic membrane.The regions of blood supply varied from 20%to 70%.The tumors shrank 40%～50% in 14 cases,10%～30% in 18 cases,with no change in 3cases.Biliary tract hemorrhage ceased. Conclusions Among the collateral arteries that supply blood to hepatic carcinoma,inferior phrenic artery peays a main part.It seems that both the hepatic and phrenic artery should be embolized in interventional therapy to hepatic carcinoma in order to get a better therapeutic result.

OBJECTIVE: To examine the expression of liver X receptor-β (LXR-β) in human gastric cancer tissue, and to explore the effect of GW3965, an agonist of LXRs, on proliferation of gastric cancer cell line SGC-7901.
 METHODS: The immunohistochemical assay was used to detect the expression of LXR-β, activating transcription factor 4 (ATF4) in gastric cancer tissues and the corresponding pericarcinoma tissues in 114 patients. Real-time quantitative PCR and Western blot were used to determine mRNA and protein levels of ATF4 and ATP-binding cassette 1 (ABCA1), one of the downstream target genes of LXRs, in SGC-7901 cells with or without GW3965 treatment. Cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assay was performed to detect cell proliferation. The expression of ATF4 was silenced by short hairpin RNA (shRNA).
 RESULTS: The expressions of LXR-β and ATF-4 were obviously down-regulated in the gastric cancer tissues than that in the corresponding pericarcinoma tissues (both P<0.05). Compared with the control cells, GW3965 treatment inhibited proliferation of SGC-7901 cells and up-regulated ATF4 and ABCA1 expressions (both P<0.05). Knockdown of ATF4 can reverse the antiproliferative effect of GW3965 on SGC-7901 cells.
 CONCLUSION The expression of LXR-β is decreased in human gastric cancer tissues, and activation of LXRs by GW3965 could inhibit the proliferation of SGC-7901 cells via ATF4.
Activating Transcription Factor 4 ; genetics ; metabolism ; Benzoates ; pharmacology ; Benzylamines ; pharmacology ; Cell Line, Tumor ; drug effects ; Cell Proliferation ; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic ; Gene Silencing ; Humans ; Liver X Receptors ; Orphan Nuclear Receptors ; genetics ; metabolism ; RNA, Messenger ; genetics ; metabolism ; RNA, Small Interfering ; genetics ; Stomach Neoplasms ; pathology ; Up-Regulation