ve To assess the protective effect of fentanyl on primary cultured myocardial cells against injury induced by anoxia-reoxygenation. Methods Ventricular myocardial cells enzymatically isolated and cultured in 1640 culture medium for 6 days were randomly divided into 5 groups: group A received no anoxia served as control; group B received 2 hours anoxia followed by half an hour reoxygenation; and group C, D and E received 10ng ? ml-1, 30 ng ? ml-1 and 50 ng? ml-1 fentanyl respectively before anoxia-reoxygenation. The cell viability, myocardial intracellular content of malondialdehyde (MDA) and the activities of lactic dehydrogenase (LDH) and creatine kinase(CK) were measured at the end of the experiment. Results Anoxia-reoxygenation caused dramatic decrease in cell viability, and increases in myocardial intracellular MDA content and the LDH and CK activities as compared with those in control group. Fentanyl 30 ng?ml-1 and 50 ng?ml-1 significantly attenuated the increases in LDH, CK activities and MDA content, and decrease in cell viability caused by anoxia-reoxygenation. Fentanyl 10ng?ml-1 did not produce any significant changes. Conclusions Fentanyl can produce protective effects on primary cultured cardiomyocytes against anoxia-reoxygenation injury.

Objective To investigate the expression of ER and PR in hyperplasia of mammary glands and breast cancer. Methods The expression of ER and PR in 68 hyperplasia of mammary glands cases and 168 breast cancer cases were quantified by immunohistochemical method. Results The expression of ER in breast cancer(30%) was significantly higher than that in hyperplasia of mammary glands(10 %)(P ＜0.05) and there was no significant difference in PR between them. The expression of ER in postmenopausal breast cancer was significantly higher than that in postmenopausal hyperplasia of mammary glands (P ＜0.05) and there was no significant difference in ER between two premenopausal groups. The expression of PR in invasive lobular carcinoma was significantly higher than that in invasive ductal carcinoma and other types (P=0.005).Conclusion The expression of ER and PR may identify the characteristics of patholobiology in breast disease.

Objective To evaluate the variation of functional urethra length on urine control,explore a new method to prevent urinary incontinence and seek urodynamic evidence after radical prostatectomy. Methods Sixteen male dogs,matched in body weight,were randomly divided into two groups. Group A were used to test the different rest urethral pressure profile after resection of prostate,resection of distant prostate plus posterior urethra in length of 1.5 cm and 2.0 cm respectively; Group B to test the different rest urethral pressure profile on pedicle myotube in length of 2.0 cm and 1.0 cm using anterior bladder flap respectively after resection of prostate and posterior urethra in length of 2.0 cm. Results The urodynamic indexes fell off while the functional urethra length decurtated gradually in group A,but they went up in group B. The two groups showed significant difference before and after the resection of prostate and distant urethra in length of 2. 0 cm. Conclusion There was a direct ratio between the functional urethra length and the capability of urethral urine control. Reconstruction of functional urethra using anterior bladder flap pedicle myotube is a good choice to treat urinary incontinence after radical prostatectomy.

Objective To evaluate the value of stress-rest 99mTc-MIBI myocardial perfusion single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) for the operation of percutaneous coronary intervention. Methods Fifty-two patients with coronary heart disease underwent stress-rest 99mTc-MIBI myocardial perfusion SPECT before and 1-2 weeks after the performance of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Results It was found that after the performance of PCI, the exercise time (6.13?0.27), metabolic equivalent (7.19?0.27) and heart rate-systolic pressure cross product (RPP) (200.17?5.17) were significantly increased than that before PCI (4.29?0.26, 5.19?0.27 and 72.81?6.59, respectively, P

Objective To evaluate the efficacy difference between flupentixol and melitracen combined with conventional medicine and conventional drug alone in the treatment of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS).Methods Studies on flupentixol and melitracen combined with conventional medicine (pinaverium bromide and trimebutine maleate) and conventional medicine alone in the treatment of IBS were collected and reviewed through searching the Chinese Academic Journals Full-text Database,Chinese VIP Full-text Database and PubMed database.After that,the test for homogeneity and the combined effect test were estimated. Results A total of 12 clinical studies on flupentixol and melitracen combined with conventional medicine for four to twelve weeks in the treatment of IBS were collected six studies indicated the homogeneity test of flupentixol and melitracen combined with pinaverium bromide (x2 =1.90,df=5,P=0.86,I2 =0).For the fixed-effect model,the odds ratio was 7.92 and 95％ CI was between 4.85 and 12.95,which suggested the combined therapy was better.The other six studies indicated the homogeneity test of flupentixol and melitracen combined with trimebutine maleate (x2 =5.60,df=5,P =0.35,I2 =10.6 ％).For the fixed-effect model,the odds ratio was 5.91 and 95％ CI was between 4.06 and 8.61,which suggested the combined therapy was better.After merging the 12 studies it indicated the homogeneity test of flupentixol and melitracen combined with conventional medicine (x2 =8.40,df =11,P =0.68,I2 =0).For the fixed effect model,the odds ratio was 6.63 and 95％ CI was between 4.92 and 8.93.Conclusion The efficacy of flupentixol and melitracen combined with conventional medicine in the treatment of IBS was better than that of conventional medicine alone,however,still more high quality trials are needed for further confirmation.

ObjectiveThe purpose of this research was to investigate functional connectivity of 16-channel electroencephalograph(EEG) in δ frequency band based on Granger causality analysis.MethodsThe experimental data was recorded at a sampling rate of 200 Hz from temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) patients(6 left and 3 right TLE,and 9 normals as control group.Ten of EEG segments of 20 s length for three different states:epileptiform discharges (ED) state in interictal durations,non-ED state for TLE patients,and control state for the normal.The δ band components (1～4 Hz) were filtered from EEGs.The functional connection values Iδ between two EEG δ components were calculated separately by Granger causality analysis.The two EEG components were from inferoposterior temporal lobe (left:T5,right:T6) to frontal lobe (Fp1,Fp2,F3,F4,and parietal lobe (C3,C4) for three states.ResultsThe Iδ values for ED state was 0.1323±0.0329～0.1670±0.028 9,which was significantly higher than that of non-ED state (0.0300±0.0130～0.0420±0.0072) (P＜0.05).The Iδ values for the control group (0.0153±0.0028～0.0193±0.0057) was much lower than that of ED state (P＜0.01),and no obvious distinctions were observed compared with non-ED state at P=0.05 level.ConclusionThere is a stronger connection of EEG' s δ bands from the inferoposterior temporal lobe to frontal and parietal lobe for the ED state,and the over-discharges transmission is from inferoposterior temporal lobe to other brain regions.There is a weaker connection from the top temporal lobe to frontal and parietal lobe for non-ED state and control group,and the onset zones is not inferoposterior temporal lobe.

35%.The patients were premedicated with intramuscular phenobarbital 0.1g and atropine 0.5 mg. In group B and C 8-12 ml?kg-1 of blood was withdrawn from cubital vein in 10-15 min and equal volume of 6% hydroxyethyl was infused at the same speed simultaneously before anesthesia. In group C the blood shed during operation was collected and anticoagulated for reinfusion. Anesthesia was induced with fentanyl 4-6?g?kg-1 , propofol 2 mg?kg-1 and pipecuronium 0.1 mg?kg-1.The patients were mechanically ventilated after tracheal intubation and PETCO2 was maintained at 25-35 mm Hg. Anesthesia was maintained with 1%-3% isoflurane and intermittent iv boluses of fentanyl and pipecuronium. Lactated Ringer's solution was infused at 10-12 ml?kg-1.h-1 during operation in all patients. ECG, NIBP, SpO2, PETCO2 and CVP were monitored throughout anesthesia. Plasma protein, Hct and Hb were measured before and after ANH and after reinfusion of the shed blood. Neuromuscular function was assessed using a train-of-four stimulation (TOF). Onset time, peak effect time (when T1 decreased to 0), duration of action (from the end of pipecuronium injection to recovery of T1 to 25% of the control) of intubation dose and maintenance dose and recovery index (recovery of T1 from 25 % - 75%) were recorded.Results Demographic data including sex, age, body weight and height were not significantly different among the three groups. The vital signs were stable in the three groups. Plasma total protein and albumin concentrations, Hb and Hct decreased significantly after ANH in group B and C and were significantly lower than those in group A. After autologous transfusion there was no significant difference in plasma protein concentration and Hb between group A and B. Hb and Hct were significantly higher in group C than those in group A and B (P

Objective To investigate the quantity and species distribution of diatoms in Chuanyang River of Pudong new area of Shanghai and provide references for the invesitigation of water body in forensic practice. Methods The water samples collected from 15 areas in Chuanyang River of Pudong new area in September 2012 were examined by microscope to identify the species of diatoms. Results Cyclotella and Pinnularia were found to be the dominant species within the 12 species of diatoms in Chuanyang River, which showed differences in species among the sections of Huangpu River, the center and the East China Sea. Conclusion The differences in subsectional distribution of diatom species in Chuanyang River may provide a new foundation for forensic identification in drowning cases especially in the deter-mination of falling location.

Objective To explore the influence on isthmic spondylolisthesis (IS) from lumbar vertebras facet joint orientation (FJO) variation. Methods The lumbar vertebras of 60 patients scanned by 16-slices spiral CT were collected, 30 cases with IS was defined as isthmic group;30 cases with normal lumbar vertebras was defined as control group, the FJO at L3-4, L4-5 and L5-S1 were measured in two groups. The difference between two groups were compared at three levels, the difference between both sides of the facet joint orientation also was compared;the measured data and the data of 60 patients from foreign literature were compared at three levels. Results The FJO in isthmic group were (47.9±6.3)° ,(37.5±7.3)° , (37.9±7.7)° at the right of L3-4, L4-5, L5-S1 levels respectively,the FJO in control group were (53.1 ± 7.3)° , (40.5±6.3)° , (38.5±7.3)° respectively, the FJO in isthmic group were (48.1±6.0)° , (37.9 ± 7.4)° , (37.6 ± 7.6)° at the left of L3-4, L4-5, L5-S1 levels respectively, the FJO in control group were (52.3 ± 7.6)° , (41.6 ± 6.0)° , (38.2 ± 7.2)° respectively. The significant difference was found at L3-4 and L4-5 levels (P < 0.05), the orientation was similar at L5-S1 level (P > 0.05). The difference between the both sides FJO of lumbar vertebras was not found at L3-4,L4-5 and L5-S1 levels (P >0.05). The same as the measured data and the corresponding data from foreign literature(P > 0.05 ). Conclusions It seems possible that the coronal FJO may be the phenotypic representation of the familial etiology of IS. It is helpful for the measurement of lumbar vertebras FJO to find IS early,it is important to reduce and release the IS.

OBJECTIVETo observe the origins and insertions of Pitanguy ligament,in order to find the anatomically theoretical basis for the treatment of nasal deformity such as drooping nose, short columella, gingival show.

METHODS15 cadaveric heads fixed by 10% formalin were used. 12 specimens underwent nasal anatomic study. The skin was incised, along the nasal midline to expose the Pitanguy ligament. The origin of Pitanguy ligament and its relationship with surrounding tissue were studied. Then the Pitanguy ligament was taken out for HE staining. Longitudinal section along the ligament was observed. 3 specimens underwent harvesting of full-thickness nasal tissue from skin to periosteal membrane. Then the samples were used for HE staining to show histologic study of ligament at horizontal section.

RESULTSPitanguy ligament originates in the midline of lower third of the nasal superficial musculoaponeurotic system, extends down to the tip along the midline of the nasal dorsum and then turns backwards at the nasal tip, and runs between the medial crura of the lower lateral cartilages, inserts into the base of columella. Its muscle is connected with the orbicularis oris muscle and the depressor septi nasi muscle. HE staining showed the ligament consists of fibrous connective tissue, muscle tissue and other ingredients, but without cartilage.

CONCLUSIONSPitanguy ligament exists with complex histological composition, so its name is still controversial. Because it has multiple connection with the orbicularis oris muscle and the depressor septi nasi muscle, so cutting or shortened the Pitanguy ligament can treat deformity of nose and lip by adjustment of nasolabial angles and the nasal length.

Cadaver ; Cartilage ; anatomy & histology ; Facial Muscles ; anatomy & histology ; Humans ; Ligaments ; anatomy & histology ; Lip ; anatomy & histology ; Nasal Septum ; anatomy & histology ; Nose ; anatomy & histology ; Nose Deformities, Acquired ; pathology ; surgery ; Subcutaneous Tissue ; anatomy & histology