The cognitive impairment of type 2 diabetes patients caused by long-term metabolic disorders has been the current focus of attention. In order to find the related electroencephalogram (EEG) characteristics to the mild cognitive impairment (MCI) of diabetes patients, this study analyses the EEG synchronization with the method of multichannel synchronization analysis--S estimator based on phase synchronization. The results showed that the S estimator values in each frequency band of diabetes patients with MCI were almost lower than that of control group. Especially, the S estimator values decreased significantly in the delta and alpha band, which indicated the EEG synchronization decrease. The MoCA scores and S value had a significant positive correlation in alpha band.
Cognitive Dysfunction ; diagnosis ; Cortical Synchronization ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 ; Electroencephalography ; Humans

AIM: To construct the prokaryotic expression plasmid of His-tagged human high mobility group box 1 fusion protein (hHMGB1) and to express the fusion protein in E. coli for the affinity purification. METHODS: The cDNA coding region of HMGB1 was amplified by PCR from pGEX4T-HMGB1 and cloned into a modified pET14b vector following the routine procedure. After identification by enzyme digestion, PCR and sequencing, the plasmid was transformed into BL21 (DE_3) competent cells, and the His-HMGB1 fusion protein was induced for expression with isopropyl-beta-D-thiogalactopyranoside (IPTG), and further purified by Ni-NTA affinity chromatography. The protein was filtered for sterilization and used to stimulate human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). 24 hours later, the cultured supernatant of HUVECs was collected for the detection of cytokines/chemokines with LiquiChip system. RESULTS: The His-HMGB1 fusion protein expression plasmid was identified by enzyme digestion and sequencing. The purified His-tagged fusion protein was analyzed by SDS-PAGE and Western blotting with specific anti-His antibody. It was found that the production of IL-8 from HUVECs was highly induced in a dose-dependent manner by HMGB1. CONCLUSION: The His-tagged HMGB1 fusion protein expression plasmid was successfully constructed, and purified. Recombinant HMGB1 protein has a high bioactivity on the induction of cytokines in HUVECs, which may significantly facilitate the future study of HMGB1 biological functions.

Objective To analyse the effect of dual-antiplatelet drugs on S100β,IL-1β, adiponectin(ADPN)and NIHSS score in patients with acute cerebral infarction.Methods 58 patients diagnosed with acute cerebral infarction in first hospital of Qinhuangdao.All patients were collected and randomly divided into experimental group and control group according to random number table , 29 cases in each group.Both group were given the treatrnent of improvng the cerebral vascular circulation, protect brain cells, control blood pressure, blood glucose, oxygen when necessary.On the basis of conventional treatment, control group was treated with aspirin 200 mg, one time per day,orally.And experimental group was treated with clopidogrel 75 mg/d on the basis of control group,one time per day,orally.After treatment, the serum levels of S100β, IL-1β, ADPN and NIHSS score were detected in all patients.ResuIts After treatment, compared with control group,the serum S100βprotein level was significantly lower in the experimental group (P<0.05); the serum IL-1βlevel in experimental group was significantly lower (P<0.05);ADPN level in experimental group was significantly higher (P<0.05); NIHSS score of patients in experimental group was significantly lower (P<0.05).ConcIusions Dual antiplatelet drugs can reduce serum S100βprotein,IL-1βin serum of patients with acute cerebral infarction, increase the level of serum adiponectin, decrease NIHSS score, can effectively improre neurological function in patients with acute cerebral infarction.

Objective To analyse the effect of dual antiplatelet drugs on fibulin-5, vWF and P-selection in serum of patients with acute cerebral infarction.Methods Diagnosed 60 patients with acute cerebral infarction in our hospital and collected. All patients were randomly divided into experimental group and control group, 30 cases in each group.The control group was treated with conventional treatment and aspirin, and the experimental group was treated with clopidogrel on the basis of control group.After treatment, the serum levels of Fibulin-5, vWF, P-selection and adverse reactions were detected in all patients.ResuIts After treatment, compared with control group, the serum Fibulin-5 level was significantly lower in experimental group ( P<0.05 );the serum vWF level in experimental group was significantly lower ( P<0.05 );the serum P-selectin level in experimental group was significantly lower (P<0.05);there was no significant difference in the incidence of adverse reactions between two groups. ConcIusion Dual antiplatelet drugs can reduce serum vWF, P-selectin and fibulin-5 in serum of patients with acute cerebral infarction, adverse reactions do not significantly increase, have guiding significance to clinical application.

Objective To analyse the expression of phosphatase and tensin homolog deleted on chromosome 10 (PTEN) in ovarian epithelial cancer and to investigate the relationship between PTEN and clinical pathology and prognosis of ovarian epithelial cancer.Methods Expression of PTEN in 10 normal ovarian tissues,20 benign tumors and 60 cases of ovarian epithelial cancers were detected by immunohistochemical method.Results The positive expression of PTEN in normal ovarian and benign tumor tissues were significantly higher than that in ovarian epithelial cancers (100％ (10/10) vs 80.0％ (16/20) vs 53.3％ (32/60),x2 =7.778 and 4.444 respectively,P ＜ 0.05).The expression of PTEN was correlated to clinical stage,histilogical grade,presence and metastasis of lymph node (x2 =4.339;6.465 ;3.896;10.452;P ＜0.01),but there was no correlation to age,histological type and ascites (x2 =0.004 ;0.388 ; 1.057 ; P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion The expression of PTEN is related to ovarian carcinogenesis and development and may has great value in clinical diagnosis and prognosis of ovarian carcinogenesis.

Objective:To retrospectively evaluate the prognostic risk factors of T1-2 stage breast cancer patients with one to three positive node(s) and their effects on the benefits of post-mastectomy radiation therapy (PMRT). Methods:We retrospectively analyzed 457 breast cancer patients with T1-2 stage and one to three positive axillary lymph nodes treated in our hospital between 2000 and 2002. The independent prognostic factors of the patients were calculated by the Cox proportional hazards model. The patients were fur-ther classified into high-risk and low-risk subgroups according to the risk factors to explore the benefit of PMRT on the prognosis of dif-ferent subgroups using survival analysis. Results:PMRT was not an independent beneficial factor of overall survival (OS) (HR=0.949;CI:0.435-2.074;P=0.896) or loco-regional recurrent free survival (LRRFS) (HR=0.611;CI:0.231-1.614;P=0.320) in all patients. Ex-tracapsular extension (ECE) and pathological grades were independent prognostic risk factors, and the benefits of PMRT were signifi-cantly different on the prognosis of high-risk subgroup patients (group ECE+OS:P=0.020, LRRFS:P=0.014;group GradeⅢOS:P=0.002, LRRFS:P<0.001). Meanwhile, PMRT failed to prolong the OS and LRRFS of low-risk subgroup patients (group ECE+OS:P=0.353, LRRFS:P=0.796;group GradeⅠtoⅡOS:P=0.267, LRRFS:P=0.589). Conclusion:ECE and gradeⅢwere the independent risk factors of death and loco-regional recurrence in the T1-2 breast cancer patients with one to three positive lymph node(s). PMRT was an effective adjuvant therapy to improve the prognosis of patients with high-risk factors. However, the benefit of PMRT had no sig-nificance in patients with ECE-or gradeⅠ-Ⅱ.

Objective To investigate the antibiotic resistance and resistance genes of carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceaes (CRE) isolated from 5 hospitals in Northeast China.Methods This study collected 85 CRE isolates during January 2013 to June 2015 from five hospitals in Northeast China.Drug sensitivities of 14 antimicrobial agents were determined by the broth microdilution method.The phenotypes of carbapenemases were screened by modified Hodge test and EDTA test respectively.The genotypes of carbapenemases and other extended spectrum β-lactamases (ESBL) were detected by PCR gene amplification and DNA sequencing method.Using the PCR result as gold standard, the performances of other two carbapenemase detection methods were evaluated.Results Among the 85 CRE strains collected in this study, Klebsiella pneumoniae was the most frequently isolated species (61/85,71.8%).The results of antimicrobial agent sensitivity showed that the 85 CRE strains had resistance rate of cephalosporin and β-lactams/enzyme inhibitor (piperacillin-tazobactam) over 80.0%.The resistance rate of carbapenem was high, with ertapenem 100.0% (85/85), meropenem 65.9% (56/85), imipenem 71.8% (61/85).There were 36 isolates resistant to both meropenem and imipenem.For fluoroquinolones, the resistance rates of levofloxacin and ciprofloxacin were 72.9% (62/85) and 65.9% (56/85), respectively.The resistance rate to fosfomycin and amikacin were 65.0% (55/85) and 54.1% (46/85), respectively.The resistance rate of colistin (21.2%, 18/85) and tigecycline (20.5%, 17/85) were low.Forty-nine strains were modified Hodge test positive and 12 strains were EDTA test positive.By PCR gene amplification and DNA sequencing method, 64 strains carried carbapenemase-encoding genes, of which KPC-2 was the main type (53/85, 62.4%), followed by IMP-4 (10/85, 11.8%), NDM-5 (7/85, 8.2%) and NDM-6 (1/85, 1.2%).At the same time, 85 CRE isolates had the ESBL gene detection and 47 isolates were CTX-M type ESBLs (47/85, 55.3%), with no TEM or SHV type.Conclusions Klebsiella pneumoniae is the majority of CRE strains from 5 large hospitals in Northeastern China.The CRE strains are resistant to most of antimicrobials.Most carbapenemases-producing isolates have the KPC-2 type.Nearly half of the carbapenemase-producing strains also carry ESBL genes, which makes the resistance mechanisms more complicated.

To study the effect of the osmotic stress in the microenvironment on the growth and metabolism of the encapsulated cells under aerobic condition, Osmo-sensitive yeast Y02724 and high-osmotic resistant yeast Hansel were used as models to explore the growth and metabolism state of the cells cultivated inalginate-chitosan-alginate (ACA) microcapsules. The changes of the yeast cells' specific growth rate, maximum product quantity and the secretion of ethanol and glycerol were analyzed. For Y02724, the yield of ethanol was increased in the ACA microenvironment compared to suspension cultivation. For Hansel, the maximum growth speed of microencapsulated cultivation had no obvious difference compared to the suspension cultivation. Moreover, after encapsulation, the production of glycerol was decreased for both Y02724 and Hansel compared to suspension cultivation. In conclusion, osmotic stress existed in the ACA microcapsules and affected the growth and metabolism of the cells.
Alginates ; metabolism ; Capsules ; metabolism ; Cell Culture Techniques ; methods ; Chitosan ; metabolism ; Osmosis ; physiology ; Osmotic Pressure ; Polylysine ; analogs & derivatives ; metabolism ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae ; growth & development ; metabolism ; Yeasts ; classification ; growth & development ; metabolism

Objective To investigate the relationship between H type hypertension as well as the changes of serum lipid and white matter lesions(WML).Methods From January 2015 to October 2017,the clinical characteristics of 507 WML patients who admitted to the Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical College were analyzed retrospectively. The patients were divided into simple hypertension group(A group,hypertension accompanied by Hcy ＜10μmol/L, 111cases),simple homocysteine group(B group,patients without high blood pressure with homocysteine ＞10μmol/L, 132cases)and H type hypertension group (C group,hypertension accompanied by homocysteine ＞10μmol/L,264cases)according to homocysteine concentration and hypertension.The patients'clinical data,including imaging information such as MRI,diffusion weighted imaging(DWI),and levels of homocysteine (Hcy),serum lipid were collected.The patients were divided into three subgroups based on the severity of WML,including the mild,moderate,severe.The differences of TG,TC,HDL -C,LDL -C,Apo -A1,Apo -B in each group were compared.Results The levels of TC in A,B and C group were (4.14 ±1.16)mmol/L,(4.39 ±1.39)mmol/L,(3.67 ±1.29)mmol/L,respectively.The levels of LDL -C in the three groups were (2.24 ±0.88)mmol/L,(2.38 ±0.91)mmol/L and (1.99 ±0.89)mmol/L,respectively.Compared with A group and B group,the levels of TC and LDL -C in C group were lower(F =15.411,9.271,all P <0.05).In A group,the number of mild WML,moderate and severe WML accounted for 51.4%,32.4% and 16.2%,which in B group accounted for 50.0%,33.3% and 16.7%,which in C group accounted for 32.6%,33.3% and 34.1%.The number of WML patients had statistically significant differences between A group and C group(χ2 =16.407,P <0.05),and B group and C group(χ2 =15.912,P <0.05).In A group,the TC levels in the moderate group [(4.45 ±1.07)mmol/L]and severe group[(5.04 ±0.99)mmol/L] were significantly higher than that in the mild group [(3.68 ±1.03)mmol/L],the difference was statistically significant(F =22.391,P <0.05);the LDL -C level in the severe group[(2.88 ±0.65)mmol/L]was significantly higher than (1.98 ±0.84)mmol/L in the mild group and (2.33 ±0.89)mmol/L in the moderate group(F =14.764,P <0.05).In B group,the TC levels in the moderate group [(4.79 ±1.38)mmol/L]and the severe group [(5.20 ±1.43)mmol/L]were significantly higher than (3.85 ±1.16)mmol/L in the mild group,the difference was statistically significant(F =20.515,P <0.05).Compared with the mild group[(2.13 ±0.83)mmol/L],the LDL –C level was higher in the severe group[(2.81±1.01)mmol/L],the difference was statistically significant(F =9.235, P <0.05).In C group,the levels of TC and LDL -C in the moderate group were (3.94 ±1.22)mmol/L and (2.02 ± 0.74)mmol/L,respectively,which in the severe group were (3.93 ±1.16)mmol/L and (2.30 ±0.85)mmol/L,respectively,which were significantly higher than those in the mild group [(3.12 ±1.34 )mmol/L,(1.62 ±0.88)mmol/L],the differences were statistically significant(F =27.141,27.078,all P <0.05).Spearman correlation analysis showed that there was a positive correlation between hypertension,TC,LDL -C and the severity of WML(H type hypertension:r =0.211,P <0.05;TC:r =0.266,P <0.05;LDL -C:r =0.258,P <0.05).Conclusion H type hypertension and high levels of TC,LDL -C can increase the number and severity of WML.

OBJECTIVE: To explore the distribution of allergen tested by skin prick test (SPT) in about 5,843 allergic rhinitis patients in south Shanghai. METHOD: SPT test was conducted in 5,843 allergic rhinitis patients who came to our clinic from January 2007 to August 2012. The result was analyzed by age, sex and year. RESULT: The top three allergens by percentage are dermatophagoides pteronyssinus, dermatophagoides culinae and fungus among 15 common allergens. Incidence rate between male and female in each year had statistical significance, both of which showed no increasing trend with year. Incidence rates among different age groups aging from 6 to 17 years' old had no statistically significant difference, but statistically significant difference among different age groups existed in other age groups. Incidence rate showed increasing trend with year in age group of 40-65, which was not observed in other groups. The incidence rate showed decreasing trend with age in male and female, while the incidence rate in male was always higher than female. CONCLUSION In south Shanghai, primary allergens causing allergic rhinitis are dermatophagoides pteronyssinus, dermatophagoides culinae and fungus. Statistically significant difference about allergic rhinitis existed in age and sex. SPT has important significance in diagnosis of allergens.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Allergens ; immunology ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; China ; epidemiology ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Rhinitis, Allergic ; diagnosis ; epidemiology ; immunology ; Skin Tests ; Young Adult