Invasive pituitary adenoma is a common pituitary adenoma invading nearby structures such as the sphenoidal sinus, ethmoidal sinus,upper clivus,sellar floor dura and bone. With the development of diagnosis neuroradiology, endocrinology,pathology and microsurgery,dramatic progress has been made on the pathogenesis, pre operative diagnosis and therapy of invasive pituitary adenoma.The development of pathology,molecular biological and medication and surgical therapy of invasive pituitary adenoma in the past few years is discussed in this paper.

OBJECTIVE:To determine the residues of 9 kinds of organochlorinated pesticides in Polygonum multiflorum.ME-THODS:Samples were extracted with ethyl acetate by ultrasonic wave assistant extraction and purified on Florisil solid-phase extraction column.The residues of organochlorinated pesticides were determined with capillary gas chromatography with GC-MS.The separation was performed on DB-5MS(30 m?0.25 mm,0.25 ?m) fused-silica capillary column with injector temperature of 230 ℃.The initial column temperature was 100 ℃,then raised to 220 ℃ at the rate of 8 ℃?min-1.The column temperature was ra-ised at 250 ℃ at the rate of 5 ℃?min-1 for 10 min.The column flow was 1 mL?min-1 and injection volume was 1 ?L.RESULTS:9 kinds of organochlorinated pesticides were completely separated within 30 minutes.The average recoveries ranged from 80.4% to 97.2%(RSD ranged from 3.5% to 7.4%,n=6).CONCLUSION:The method is sensitive and accurate for the content determination of the residues organochlorinated pesticides.

Objective To investigate the toxic effects of ozone on rat astrocytes in vitro. Methods Twelve 1-2 day old Wistar rats were anesthetized with ether. Their brains were removed. Astrecytes were enzymatically isolated with trypsin and cultured. After different-speed cultivation and serial passage, astrocytes were seeded into 24 well plates and divided into 4 groups (n = 7 each): group Ⅰ normal control (group C) and group Ⅱ , Ⅲ , Ⅳ (group O2-O340, 60, 80) were exposed to ozone 40, 60 and 80 μg/ml respectively. After 2 and 4 h incubation, the astroeytes were examined under microscope. Supernatant was collected and cells were broken for determination of SOD activity and MDA content in the cells and LDH leaking ratio. Results Cells in group O2-O3 60 and 80 exhibited hypertrophy, vacuoles and black denatured grains in the cytoplasm and increase in proceses. SOD activity and MDA content were significantly increased at the end of 2 h incubation in group O2-O340, 60 and 80 as compared with blank control group. LDH leaking ratio and MDA content were increased in a concentration dependent manner at the end of 2 h and 4 h incubation, while SOD activity was decreased concentration dependently at the end of 4 h incubation. SOD activity was signifieandy decreased, while LDH leaking ratio was increased at 4 h as compared with that at 2 h in group O2-O360 and 80. Conclusion Ozone has toxic effects on cultured rat astroeytns in a concentration and time dependent manner.

Objective To investigate the pharmacodynamics of rocuronium in infants with obstructive jaundice. Methods Thirty infants aged 1 to 4 months without neuromuscular diseases or renal dysfunction were divided into two groups with 15 cases each. The patients in group A were diagnosed with biliary atresia and scheduled for the kasai operation, and those in group B were with normal liver function and scheduled for abdominal surgery as the controls. Anestheisa was induced with propofol 2 mg/kg and fentanyl 3 g/kg. Rocuronium 0. 6 mg/kg was given and neuromuscular block was recorded with acceleromyography. Results Comparing with group B, The onset time of rocuronium was significantly longer in group A than that in group B[(81±35) s vs (51±28)s](P< 0. 05). There were no significant differences between the two groups in the maximum depression time [(49±15) min vs. (48±12) min]or the clinical duration of action[(76±20) min vs. (71±14) min]. Conclusion The onset time of rocuronium is prolonged in infants with obstructive jaundice.

Objective To evaluate the effect of combined laparoscopic and endoscopic treatment for cholelith of gallbladder and common bile duct(CBD).Methods Diagnosis was established in 44 patients by ERCP , and endoscopic Oddi′s sphincteromy (EST) was performed in all patients, then choledocholith was removed by endoscopic netbasket and balloon. 3～5 days after laparoscopic cholecystectomy(LC) was carried out. Results The success rate of combined treatment in this study was 98%(43/44), and stones were removed in 100%(44/44). There was no conversion to open surgery in our series, and no severe complications. All patients were discharged in 5～15 days postoperatively. Conclusions Combined laparoscopic and endoscopic procedure is a safe and effctive method to treat patients suffering from cholelith of the gallbladder and CBD.

ObjectiveTo evaluate the significance of pirif orm aperture enlarge ment in transsphnoid approach microsurgery for pituitary macroadenomas.MethodsTranssphnoidal approach microsurgery through enlarged pyrifor m aperture was ca rried out in 96 patients with pituitary macroadenoma from March 1997 to October 2000.ResultsAmong the 96 patients, 65 (67 7%) underwent tot al removal of the tumor, 25 (26 0%) underwent subtotal removal (80%～90%), and 6 (6 3%) partial removal (

Objective To study the optimal time of MRI follow-up after transsphenoidal surgery in patients with nonfunctional pituitary macroadenoma. Methods MRI records of 50 patients before surgery,within 1 postoperative week (early stage),at 3 months (intermediate stage) and 1 year after surgery (late stage),respectively,were retrospectively analyzed.Dynamic changes in the sella turcica were observed and the degrees of tumor excision were studied before and after MRI T 1-weighted enhanced scans at different postoperative stages. Results In the early stage MRI images showed that the size of sellar contents decreased by 8%～32%,tumor disappeared in 22 cases,and suspected residual tumor was found in 28 cases.At 3 months after surgery,MRI scans revealed that sellar contents decreased by 11%～85% in size.On coronal position MRI scans,the size of sellar contents decreased more than 50% in 11 cases,30%～50% in 9 cases,less than 30% in 8 cases.Out of the 28 cases that were suspected of residual tumor in the early stage,confirmation of residual tumor in the sella turcica was made in 23 cases.MRI findings 1 year after surgery showed no change in the sella turcica in 46 cases and continuing to decrease in 4 cases. Conclusions Re-examination of MRI in intermediate stage after transsphenoidal surgery in patients with nonfunctional pituitary macroadenoma facilitates the detection of residual tumor and recurrence.

Objective To evaluate the efficacy and safety of transplantation of autologous bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) and mononucleus cells (BMMNCs) for treating coronary heart disease. Methods Ten patients who had suffered from coronary heart disease with myocardial infarction, were selected. In 7 patients BMSCs+BMMNCs were transplanted immediately following PCI and 3 patients only accepted transplantation of BMSCs+BMMNCs without PCI. Autologous BMSCs+BMMNCs were isolated and cultured for 2-3 weeks. And (0.9～3.5)?106 BMSCs+1.6～6.1?106 BMMNCs were transplantated through intracoroary way. Cardiac functions were determined by 2-D echocardiography、 technetium- 99m methoxyisobutylisonitrile ( 99m Tc-MIBI) and ECG Holter monitor before and 6 months after the procedure. Results Left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) was significantly increased by 10.5% (4.0%-18.0%) and left ventricular diastolic diameter(LVDd) reduced by 2.2 mm (-4 mm-8 mm) and neither obvious arrhythmia nor complication was observed during the 6-12 months′ follow up in all the 10 patients. Conclusion The preliminary study showed that in the patients who suffered from coronary heart disease complicated with myocardiac infarction, transplantation of BMSCs+BMMNCs could improve cardiac function and cardiac perfusion without significant complication and arrhythmia during the 6-12 months′ follow-up.

Objective To compare the clinical outcomes of CABG and PCI with drug-eluting stent(DES)in patients with multivessel coronary artery disease and CKD.Methods Between January 2004 and June 2006,1,069 patients with multivessel coronary disease and CKD undergoing PCI with drug-eluting stent(DES)(n=724)or CABG(n=345)were evaluated.CKD was defined as estimated glomerular filtration rate(eGFR)

Objective To observe the levels of Livin and Caspase-3 in renal tissue of rats following acute paraquat (PQ) poisoning and the intervention effects of ulinastatin (UTI) . Methods Fifty-four Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into three experimental groups: control group (group A),PQ poisoning group (group B) and UTI group (group C) (n = 18 in each group) . Rats in group B and group C were administered intragastrically with 80 mg/kg PQ, and rats in group C were treated with 100,000U/kg ulinastatin injected intra-psritoneally once a day; and rats in group A were administered intragastrically with the same volume of saline instead of PQ. At 24, 48, 72 hours after poisoning, the levels of Livin in renal tissue were detected by Westen blotting and the levels of Caspase-3 were detected by immunohistochemistry 24, 48, and 72 hours after poisoning, and the histopathological changes of renal tissue were observed at the same time. Results In the group A, the structure of renal tissue was distinct. In the group B, the distinctness of the structure of renal tissue declined significantly, and swelling, edema and vacuolar degeneration were observed 24 h after poisoning, and pathological changes became more and more obvious keeping pace with time elapsing, and sometimes karyopyknosis appeared and celluar structures disappeared with involvement of renal glomerulus and medulla. These pathological changes were significantly lessened in rats of group C. In the group A, there was little Caspase-3 in renal tissue of rats. Twenty-four hours after poisoning, the caspase-3 in renal tissue of rats of group B was found on the membrane and in the kytoplasm of renal tubular epithelial cells of cortical part. Compared with group B, the level of Caspase-3 in renal tissue of rats of group C decreased significantly to lower level (P ＜0. 01 ) . Compared with group A,the levels of Livin in renal tissue in rats of group B and group C increased significantly at all different intervals (P ＜0. 01 ), and as group B was compared with group C, the difference was statistically significant (P ＜0. 01 ) . Conclusions The main pathologyical changes of renal injury induced by PQ are epithelial swelling, vacuole degenerateion and necrosis. Caspase-3 is involved in the process of renal injury. UTI has a protective effect on the renal tissue of rats following paraquat poisoning through up-regulating the level of Livin and down-regulating the level of Caspase-3, however, the regulation mechanism as well as the pathway is still needed to further study.