Objective To investigate the role of vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 (VCAM 1) in pathogenesis of pregnancy induced hypertension (PIH) complicated by fetal growth restriction (FGR). Methods The placenta samples were collected from 30 pregnant women with PIH complicated by FGR, 28 FGR patients without PIH and 30 normal pregnant women. Immunohistochemical analysis was used to demonstrate the positive expression of VCAM 1 in placenta vascular endothelium and syncytiotrophoblast of these samples. Results In placentas of PIH complicated by FGR (80%),expression of VCAM 1 in the decidual vascular endothelium was significantly higher than those without PIH (25%) and normal placentas (15%)( P

Objective To study the relationship between matrix metalloproteinase-9 in syncytiotrophoblast and placenta pathological change of fetal growth restriction. Methods The placental samples were collected from 30 patients with FGR and 30 normal pregnant women who delivered in our hospital from January 2001 to September 2001. The tissue sections were dealt with HE stain and PAS stain and then observed by microscope to find the morphological change. 5 another samples from each group were observed by 500H model electron microscope. Immunohistochemical analysis was employed to demonstrate the positive expression of the MMP-9 in syncytiotrophoblast of FGR placenta. Results There are significantly pathological change in 22 placentas of FGR and abnormal rate is 73.33%. The count of stroma fibrosis and fibrinoid necrosis of villi(63.3%), villous vascular decrease and gore(70.0%), villous syncytial knots(43.3%), cytotrophoblasts increase(50.0%) were more significant in the placenta of FGR group than that of normal group(6.7%,10.0%,3.3%,13.3%)(P

50%.Myocardial infarction(MI) models were created by ligating the distal left anterior descending artery in swines(n=18).Either BM-MSCs cells(5?106/mL)(n=6) or Ad5-HGF(4?109 pfu)(n=6) were transfused into infracted area via noninfarction-related artery at four weeks after MI.IMDM fluid was injected into the noninfarction-related artery in the control(n=6).Gate cardiac perfusion imaging was performed at four and seven weeks after LAD ligation respectively to evaluate the heart function and cardiac perfusion.Morphologic and histologic characteristics of the hearts were also studied.Results(1) New vessels firnation was found around the infarction area in all the three groups.By means of immno-histological staining,the density of capillaries and vessels with function in the BM-MSCs group and the Ad5-HGF group were 102.4?8.6/mm2 and 105.3?7.7/mm2,as well as 52.1?4.1/mm2 and 66.0?3.3/mm2 respectively.Both vessel density were higher than those of the control(55.5?4.7/mm2 and 16.4?3.5/mm2,P

Eight mongrel dogs were involved in the investigation of sevoflurane effects on renal blood flow (RBF). After intravenous anesthesia and surgical preparation, RBF, MAP, HR, CVP, CO and SV were recorded as baseline. Sevoflurane was then administered to achieve end-tidal concentrations of 1, 2, 3 and 4% in succession. Following 20 mins equilibration at each concentration, and 30 mins after the termination of inhalation, the above parameters were measured repeatly for comparing. Results showed significant dose-related depressions of RBF, MAP, HR and CO with sevoflurane. RBF didn't reduce significantly until MAP decreased to 9.3kPa, with end-tidal concentration of sevoflurane no less than 3%, it didn't recover in step with improved hemodynamic parameters after sevoflurane withdrawal. This study indicates that sevoflurane may influence little on autoregulation of RBF, its dose-related cardiac depression may be responsible for the reduction of RBF.

Objective: To compare the effects of deliberate hypotension and hemorrhagic hypotension on systemic and renal hemodynamics in dogs. Method: Twelve mongrel dogs were randomly divided into nitroprusside-deliberated hypotension group and hemorrhagic hypotension group. After surgical preparation, the MAP of the dogs was decreased to 8kPa either by infusing nitroprusside or by withdrawing arterial blood and was kept for 30 min. RBF, MAP, HR, CO and CVP were monitored continuously. Result: Hypotension induced by hemorrhage was associated with significant decrease in CO, SV and CVP compared with nitroprusside. There was no significant change in HR in both groups. Hemor rhage caused more decrease in RBF than nitroprusside did (59.0% vs 37.5%). In recovery period, RBF in both groups increased, but remained significantly less than baseline in hemorrhage group. Conclusion: Hemorrhage can cause more pronounced interference in hemodynamics and more decrease in RBF with a subsequent slower recovery than with nitroprusside at the same level of hypotension.

Objective:To compare the effects of induced hypotensions with sevoflurane and nitroprusside on hemodynamics in dogs. Method:Fourteen mongrel dogs were randomly divided into sevoflurane group and nitroprusside group. After experimental preparation,the MAP was decreased to 8kPa and was kept for 30min either with sevoflurane inhalation or with nitroprusside infusion. MAP, HR,CO,CVP,SV and SVR wrer monitored continuously. Result: During induced hypotension, CO in sevoflurane and nitroprusside groups decreased by 30.7% and 21.6% respectively; HR decreased significantly in sevoflurane group, but not in nitroprusside group; SVR in both groups showed reduction, but more pronounced in nitroprusside group. However,after the termination of sevoflurane or nitroprusside, MAP elevated over baseline with the significant increase of SVR,and CO remaining low. Conclusion:As compared with nitroprusside, sevoflurane has inhibitory effect on circulation,yet it is still efficient to induced hypotension.

Objective To compare the clinical outcomes of CABG and PCI with drug-eluting stent(DES)in patients with multivessel coronary artery disease and CKD.Methods Between January 2004 and June 2006,1,069 patients with multivessel coronary disease and CKD undergoing PCI with drug-eluting stent(DES)(n=724)or CABG(n=345)were evaluated.CKD was defined as estimated glomerular filtration rate(eGFR)

Objective To examine the effects of exercise intensity and duration on the structure,function and fibrosis of the left and right ventricular,and to discuss the potential mechanism in these processes.Methods Forty-eight male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into a sedentary(Sed)group,a moderate exercise(ME)group and an intensive exercise(IE) group,each of 16.Rats in Sed group were not given any training,while those in ME group and IE group run on treadmill at the speed of 15.2 m/min with the slope gradient of 5° and 28 m/min with the slope gradient of 10 degree 1 hour per day,5 days per week.Eight and 16 weeks after the training,we recorded the body weight and measure end-diastolic diameter,end-diastolic wall thickness,and ejection fraction of both ventriculars using the ultrasonic testing.All rats were then sacrificed after blood sampling.Elisa was used to measure serum cTnI concentration,and sirius red staining was applied to evaluate collagen volume fraction of both ventriculars.Results Eight or sixteen weeks after the training,the average bi-ventricular end-diastolic diameter of ME and IE rats was bigger than Sed group.There were no differences in end-diastolic diameter of both ventricular between ME group and IE group after sixteen-week training,but the left ventricular end-diastolic diameter of IE group was greater than ME group.As exercise intensive increased and time accumulated,the end-diastolic wall thickness of both ventriculars increased but without statistical significance.At sixteen-week intervention,the bi-ventricular ejection fraction of IE rats was significantly lower than Sed and ME groups,while there was a decreasing trend eight weeks earlier without significant differences.After 8 or 16 weeks of training,the serum cTnI was significantly higher in IE rats than Sed group or ME group,but there was no significant differences between ME group and Sed group.After 16 weeks' exercises,the average bi-ventricular collagen volume fraction of ME or IE group was greater than that after 8 weeks' exercises.The average collagen volume fraction of the right ventricular was greater than Sed group at the same time points,and after sixteenweek training the right ventricular collagen volume fraction in IE group was significantly greater than ME group.However,there were no significant differences in the measurement of the left side among different groups.The serum cTnI was negatively correlated with the left and right ventricular systolic function(r=-0.327,P=0.029 and r=-0.582,P=0.000).Moreover,it was positively correlated with the right ventricular collagen volume fraction moderately,but had no correlation with the left ventricular collagen volume fraction.Conclusion(1)Sixteen-week moderate and intensive exercise result in left ventricular dilation,and the dilation increases with the increase of the exercise intensity.Only 8 weeks' exercise at the same intensity can lead to right ventricular dilation,but exercise intensity has little influence on the right ventricular dilation.(2)Long-term moderate or intensive endurance exercises may cause bi-ventricular hypertrophy potentially.The left ventricular hypertrophy and dilation may not be synchronous with hypertrophy followed by dilation,while the right ventricular hypertrophy and dilation is synchronous.(3)The temporary decrease in bi-ventricular systolic function after intensive endurance exercise may be caused by ventricular injury,with more serious injury in the right ventricular than in the left.Moderate exercises don't cause ventricular injury,thus there is little or no influence on ejection fraction.(4) Long-term (8 or 16 weeks)moderate or intensive endurance exercises can increase the right ventricular collagen volume fraction,which may indicate cardiac fibrosis following right ventricular injury but not in the left ventricular.The bi-ventricular collagen volume fraction at sixteenth week in ME and IE rats are greater than corresponding rats at eighth week.It may result from the hypertrophy of bi-ventricular cardiomyocyte after 8-week training,followed by increase in the extracellular matrix but not cardiac fibrosis.

Objective To investigate the pharmacodynamics of rocuronium in infants with obstructive jaundice. Methods Thirty infants aged 1 to 4 months without neuromuscular diseases or renal dysfunction were divided into two groups with 15 cases each. The patients in group A were diagnosed with biliary atresia and scheduled for the kasai operation, and those in group B were with normal liver function and scheduled for abdominal surgery as the controls. Anestheisa was induced with propofol 2 mg/kg and fentanyl 3 g/kg. Rocuronium 0. 6 mg/kg was given and neuromuscular block was recorded with acceleromyography. Results Comparing with group B, The onset time of rocuronium was significantly longer in group A than that in group B[(81±35) s vs (51±28)s](P< 0. 05). There were no significant differences between the two groups in the maximum depression time [(49±15) min vs. (48±12) min]or the clinical duration of action[(76±20) min vs. (71±14) min]. Conclusion The onset time of rocuronium is prolonged in infants with obstructive jaundice.

Objective To explore the expression level of miR-21 in exercise-induced right ventricular (RV) fibrosis,and to analyze the role of miR-21 in exercise-induced right ventricular fibrosis.Methods Seventy-two male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into a sedentary (Sed) group,a moderate exercise (ME) group and an intensive exercise (IE) group,each of 24.Rats in the Sed group were free of exercises,while those in ME and IE groups ran an hour on treadmill at 5°and 10° slopes at the speed of 15.2 m/min and 28 m/min respectively for 8 weeks,12 weeks or 16 weeks every day,5days per week.Twenty-four hours after the last training,all rats were sacrificed after blood sampling.The right ventricles were removed,and the collagen volume fraction (CVF) was tested using Sirius red staining,Collagen Ⅰ (Col Ⅰ) content was quantified using Immunofluorescence.The expression level of miR-21 was measured using the reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR).Results Af ter 12 weeks (P＜0.05,P＜0.05) and 16 weeks (P＜0.01,P＜0.01) of intensive exercises,the average CVF in the right ventricular was significantly higher than that of Sed and ME rats.Compared to Sed and ME groups,12 weeks (P＜0.01,P＜0.01) and 16 weeks (P＜0.01,P＜0.01) of intensive exercises significantly increased RV collagen Ⅰ content.Compared to the Sed group,the expression of miR-21 in RV increased significantly in the IE group (P＜0.01,P＜0.05 and P＜0.05).After 16-week intensive exercises,the miR 21 expression was positively correlated with the RV Col Ⅰ content.Conclusion The right ventricular fibrosis induced by long-term intensive exercises is associated with increased miR-21 expression level.Therefore,miR-21 is a potent therapeutic target and novel biomarker of the exercise-induced right ventricular fibrosis.