ObjectiveTo study information transmission circumstances within the neural circuits related to the attentional controls of the mate depression patients.MethodsTwelve unipolar depression patients and twelve age- and education- matched healthy controls were involved in the Stroop word-color interference test to detect the variation of brain inhibitory function by Magnetoencephalography scanning.ResultsCompared with the healthy controls,the abnormally activities in depressed patients during in chronological order were separately as follow:decreased activation in the left postcentral gyrus ( t =3.10 ),the right superior frontal gyrus ( t =2.16 ),the left middle frontal gyrus (t=2.64),the left parietal lobe (t=2.89),the right middle temporal grus( t=1.92),the right superior temporal gyrus(t=2.84),the right insula(t=3.03),the right precuneus(t=2.98),the bilateral middle frontal gyros ( t =3.64,t =2.25 ),the right postcentral gyrus ( t =2.20),the right cingulate gyrus ( t =4.04 ),the bilateral precuneus ( t =2.79,t =1.87 ) ;increased activation in the left caudate body ( t =1.91 ),the left pulvinar ( t =2.56),the left middle temporal gyrus( t =1.89),the left precentral gyrus( t =2.02) (P ＜ 0.05,uncorrected).ConclusionThe abnormal activation in the brain regions related with attentional control processing is detected in the male recurrent unipolar recurrent major depression,performances of limbic system increased and.cortex declined more in the recurrent depressed.

Objective To improve the purifying method of Jo-1 antigen from rabbit thymus used for detection of anti-Jo-1 antibody by dot-blotting immunoassay(DB).Methods The rabbit thymus glands were cut into pieces,homogenized and extracted by PBS.Total protein was precipitated by acetone to get acetone powder(RTAP).The RTAP was solved in PBS and separated by an by anti-Jo-1 IgG affinity column.Results 5～7 g RTAP was obtained from 100g rabbit thymus glands.There was 19%～24% of protein in RTAP.Jo-1 antigen was enriched around 1900 folds through affinity chromatography,with 2.5% recovery of antigenic activity.In this preparation,there were several bands on SDS-PAGE,but only one band about 50 ku,reacted with anti-Jo-1 antisera on immunoblotting.Dot-blotting also showed that the antigen only reacted with Jo-1 antisera.The purified Jo-1 antigen was not stable for long time,but the antigenic activity could maintain for a long time when there was MgCl2 in the solution.Conclusion Affinity chromatography was a simple and easy method for purifying Jo-1 antigen from rabbit thymus.The antigen purified by affinity chromatography could meet the requirement for detecting Jo-1 antibody bydot-blotting.

Objective To investigate the clinicopathologic characteristics of premalignant and malignant endometrial polyps (EP) in premenopausal and postmenopausal women.Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted in 42 cases of premalignant and malignant EP from 1993 to 2012.Polyps were classified into premenopausal (group A,10 cases) and menopausal (group B,32 cases),including 26 cases of endometrioid adenocarcinoma,4 of clear cell carcinoma,9 of serous adenocarcinoma,and 3 of atypical hyperplasia.Results The prevalence rate of premalignant and malignant EP was 1.42％ (42/2 965),the prevalence rate of malignancy in postmenopausal and postmenopausal women was 0.48％ (10/2 064) and 3.55％ (32/901),respectively.The mean size of EP was (1.6 ± 0.8) cm,abnormal uterine bleeding was positive in 90％ (38/42) of cases.The EP pathological diagnosis showed all were endometrioid adenocarcinoma in group A,while there were 4 of clear cell carcinoma,9 of serous adenocarcinoma in group B.The mean size of EP was (1.1 ± 0.6) and (1.7 ± 0.9) cm in group A and B respectively (P ＜0.05).According to immunohistochemistry,all cases of group A were ER positive,but 41％ (11/27) of group B were ER negative (P =0.059).The PR positive rate was 8/9 and 56％ (15/27) in group A and B,respectively (P =0.169).Conclusions The risk of the EP malignancy rate is higher,while ER,PR positive rate are lower in postmenopausal womcn.Postmenopausal EP,especially accompanied by abnormal uterine bleeding and large polyps should be removed as soon as possible.

Objective To explore the impact of the variable number of tandem repeats of monoamine oxidase A gene (MAOA-uVNTR) on the intensity of brain activation during the recognition of facial expression in patients with depression and healthy controls.Methods 28 cases of depression,as well as 33 healthy controls who were matched in gender, age and years of education were divided into different genotypes with the methods of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification and 1.5% agarose gel electrophoresis separation.61 cases were scanned to compare the intensity of brain activation in the recognition of happy, sad and neutral facial expression.Results In healthy controls,cases with high-activity genotype showed increased activation in left cuneus,left inferior frontal gyrus, right medial frontal gyrus and left inferior parietal lobule in comparision with carriers of low-activity genotype.In the depressed, compared with patients with low-activity genotype, cases with high-activity genotype decreased activation in bilateral putamen, left postcentral gyrus, left fusiform gyrus, right superior temporal gyrus and right thalamus.Conclusion Healthy controls with high-activity genotype shows the trend of priority for the identification of negative emotion,this genotype may be one of the risk factors for normal people suffering from depression.Patients with high-activity genotype is associated with the inhibitory of positive emotional state, this may attribute partly to the emotional symptoms in such kind of patients more serious.

ObjectiveTo observe the curative effects of nerve growth factor (NGF) on experimental acute cerebral thromboemblia rats and study the mechanisms preliminarily.Methods24 model rats were randomly divided into three groups treated respectively with NGF, citicoline sodium (CS) and normal saline (NS) for 20 days, and the neurological grades of animals were observed before and after treatment. Then, 55 rats were randomly divided into three groups: the treated group (25 model rats, treated with NGF), control group (25 model rats, treated with NS) and normal group (5 normal rats, without treatment), the levels of nitric oxide synthase (NOS) of all animals were measured at 1 h, 3 h, 6 h, 12 h and 24 h after acute cerebral thromboemblia established.ResultsThe neurological grades of both NGF and CS treated groups were significantly lowered after treatment compared with NS control group ( P<0.05). NOS levels of cerebral thromboemblia areas were higher than that in the control group 1 hour, 3 hours after acute cerebral thromboemblia, the levels of NOS in NGF treatment group were obviously lower than that in the control group post-traumatic 1 hour, 3 hours and 6 hours.ConclusionNGF can accelerate the nervous function recovery of the rat with acute cerebral thromboemblia, the mechanisms is that NGF prohibits neurotoxicity of NOS.

Objective To explore the relationship between energy feature of the spontaneous neural activity and separate symptom clusters in first-episode depression.Methods 22 first-episode depression patients and 26 age-,gender-matched healthy controls were scanned with 3.0 T MRI Scanner.The t-test was employed to compare the difference of amplitude of low frequency fluctuation (ALFF) between the two groups,and the correlation analyses were conducted between ALFF of brain regions with significant difference and the severity of depressive symptoms clusters.Results Compared with healthy group,the depression group showed significantly increased ALFF in the right middle frontal gyrus (9,45,-6; K =18) and the bilateral fusiform gyrus (-34,-19,-12; K =37 and 30,-33,-18 ; K =31,respectively),and decreased ALFF in the left precuneus (0,-72,42; K =19) (P＜0.05,corrected by Alphasim).The ALFF of the the right middle frontal gyrus,the right fusiform gyrus,and the left precuneus were negative correlated with the scores of weight factor,retardation factor and sleep disturbance factor (r=-0.494,P=0.019; r=-0.486,P=0.022 and r=-0.484,P=0.023,respectively).Conclusion Abnormal energy feature of the spontaneous neural activity may be associated with severity of specific depressive symptoms clusters in first-episode depression patients during resting-state.

Objective To explore the differences of the degree and distribution of hub regions of the brain structural networks between the schizophrenia and healthy and then analysis the importance of brain regions in the information transmission in across the whole brain.Methods The diffusion tensor imaging data were obtained from 22 schizophrenia patients and 24 healthy controls.The whole cerebral cortex was parcellated into 90 regions by the anatonical label map.Tractography was performed in the whole cerebral cortex of each subject to reconstruct white matter tracts of the brain using the fiber assignment by continuous tracking (FACT) algorithm.And then the brain structural binary networks were constructed using the complex network theory.The average degree of the network and the degree of the nodes in the network between the brain structural networks of both groups were examined by two sample t-tests.Results The average degree of the brain structural network in the patient group (7.82±0.56) decreased significantly when compared with the control group (8.17 ±0.56; P=0.04).The degree of the nodes in the brain structural network of the patient group (the left hippocampus:11.41 ± 1.84; the left parahippocampal gyrus:6.41± 1.33 ; the left calcarine fissure:11.50±2.97 ; the left fusiform gyrus:8.27± 1.83) decreased significantly when compared with the control group (14.43±2.26; 8.54±2.15; 14.79±2.80; 10.25± 1.36; all P＜0.01,survived critical FDR threshold for multiple comparisons).And the distribution of the hub regions in the temporal and occipital lobes of the patient group was difference from that of the control group.Conclusion The importance of the hippocampus and the brain regions in the occipital lobe is decrease for the information transmission across the whole brain.The damage of the topological properties of these brain regions maybe related to the disorder of the transmission and integration of information in the brain of the schizophrenia.

Objective To explore the differences of the global efficiency of the brain structural networks between the male paranoid schizophrenia and male healthy and its relationship with the psychotic symptoms of the schizophrenia.Methods The diffusion tensor imaging data were obtained from 27 male paranoid schizophrenia patients and 28 male healthy controls.The whole cerebral cortex was parcellated into 90 regions by the anatomical label map.Tractography was performed in the whole cerebral cortex of each subject to reconstruct white matter tracts of the brain using fiber assignment by continuous tracking(FACT) algorithm.And then the brain structural binary networks were constructed using the complex network theory.The average global efficiency of the brain network and the global efficiency of the nodes of both groups were examined by two sample t-test and its relationship with the psychotic symptoms in the male paranoid schizophrenia was explored by the correlation analysis.Results Compared with control group,the average global efficiency of the brain network of the patients decreased significantly (7.87±0.56,8.17±0.56,P=0.005),and the global efficiency of the nodes in the brain network of the patient decreased significantly in the left superior frontal gyrus (orbital part) (P=0.00025),the left superior parietal gyrus (P=0.00011),the left cuneus (P=0.00012) and the left putamen (P=0.00032),all survived FDR correction.Significant negative correlation was found between the global efficiency of the left putamen and the total scores (r=-0.43,P=0.03),the positive scores (r=-0.41,P=0.03) and the cognitive scores (r=-0.40,P=0.04) of PANSS.Conclusion The decreased global efficiency of the left frontal,parietal and occipital lobes and the subcortical structures lead to the occurrence of schizophrenia.And the reduced efficiency of the subcortical structures is associated with the positive symptoms and the abnormal cognitive function of the patients.

Objective To investigate the changes of cortical thickness and surface area in patients with bipolar depression(BD),and to explore the relationship between abnormal changes in gray matter and clinical symptoms.Methods 28 BD patients and 28 healthy controls underwent T1-weighted MRI.The Freesurfer software was used to process the T1 images,which used a set of automated sequences to analyze cortical thickness and surface area on 66 regions (33 regions of each hemisphere),and the correlation with clinical features was also calculated.Results Compared with controls,BD patients showed thinner cortical thickness in left medial orbitofrontal cortex((2.40±0.12) mm vs (2.55 ±0.18) mm,P=1.2× 10-3) and left rostral anterior cingulate((2.66±0.21) mm vs (2.88±0.27) mm,P=3.1 × 10-4),and smaller area of left cuneus((1 443.13± 131.00) mm2vs (6 634.70±600.16) mm2,P=2.7× 10-4) and right superior frontal gyrus ((6 634.70±600.16) mm2vs (7 300.50±653.39) mm2,P=1.3× 10-3).In addition,the negatively correlation was found between the cortical area of left cuneus and effective illness duration (r=-0.471,P=0.018),and the cortical thickness in left rostral anterior cingulate and total score of HAMD-17(17-item Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression) (r=-0.508,P=0.009).Conclusion There are abnormal altertion of cortical thickness and cortical areas of emotional circuit in bipolar depression,but the brain areas are not completely overlapping.Correlation analysis suggests that cortical thickness and area is related to different clinical features.

ObjectiveTo investigate the variation of executive function of fronto-cingulate cortex in spatio-temporal sequence in recurrent depressed patients.MethodsEighteen recurrent depressed patients and twenty-one age-,gender- and education- matched healthy controls were involved in the Stroop word-color interference test to detect the executive function of anterior cingulate and prefrontal regions by magnetoencephaloraphy scanning.Results 1.Compared to healthy controls,the increased activation of brain regions in depressed patients during different time periods were separately shown as follows( t represents activation strength):( 1 ) 100 ～ 200 ms:the right anterior cingulate gyrus ( t =1.81,T value means activation strength),the bilateral medial frontal gyrus ( t =1.91,t =1.86),the left superior frontal gyms( t =1.79 ),the right middle frontal gyrus( t =1.82 ),the right inferior frontal gyrus ( t =1.82 ).( 2 ) 200 ～ 300 ms:the left anterior cingulate gyrus ( t =1.82 ).( 3 ) 250 ～ 350 ms:the left anterior cingulate gyrus ( t =2.67 ),the left medial frontal gyrus ( t =2.43 ),the left inferior frontal gyrus ( t=1.91 ).(4)300 ～400ms:the left anterior frontal gyrus(t=2.26),the bilateral inferior gyrus( t=1.97,t=2.66),the left medial frontal gyrus(t=2.35).(5)350 ～450ms:the left anterior cingulate gyrus(t=2.02),the left medial frontal gyrus ( t =2.00),the bilateral inferior frontal gyrus ( t =1.74,t =1.78 ).( 6 ) 400 ～ 500 ms:the left anterior cingulate gyrus( t=2.01 ),the left medial frontal gyrus( t =1.97).2.Compared to healthy controls,patients showed decreased activation in the left middle frontal gyms ( t =1.79) and the left superior gyrus(t =1.76) in 200 ～ 300 ms.ConclusionExecutive dysfunction is reflected in depressed patients with the activation inefficiency in anterior cingulate and prefrontal regions in spatio-temporal sequence.