Motion segment and extraction from continuous signals is the premise of surface electromyography (sEMG) analysis. For the problem that sEMG energy threshold required repeated manual testing to set, this the paper established a this mathematical model of continuous actions based on Gaussian sEMG energy curve, in which the energy threshold was set according to the distribution of Gaussian signal section, and differentiated the action signals from no-action signals combined with energy comparison method. The experiment results showed the method can achieve continuous repetitive action segmentation, and compared with manual segmentation of the same signal, has a higher degree of coincidence.
Algorithms ; Electromyography ; Humans ; Motion ; Pattern Recognition, Automated ; Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted

Objective To investigate the changes of hematoma and perihematomal edema in spontaneous hypertensive rats (SHRs),as well as the correlation between blood pressures and perihematomal edemaMethods A total of 24 6-month-old male SHRs were included.They were randomly divided into intracerebral hemorrhage 1-,3-,5-,and 7-day groups (n =6 in each group).Blood pressure was determined by tail-cuff sphygmomanometry.Collagenase Ⅳ was injected into caudate nucleus in order to induce a model of intracerebral hemorrhage.Magnetic resonance T2 weighted imaging was used to observe hematoma and perihematomal edema.Results On day 1 after modeling,the blood pressure was decreased significantly compared to that before modeling,and it was elevated gradually on day 3.Parallel profile test showed that the overall profile was parallel between the change rate of blood pressure and the change rate of perihematomal edema volume (F =2.820,P =0.063).The coincident profile test showed that both the overall profiles did not coincide (F =10.961,P =0.000).The change rate of systolic blood pressure was significantly positively correlated with the change rate of perihematomal edema volume (r =0.527,P =0.024) and the change rate of perihematomal edema volume (r =0.755,P =0.000) showed a significant positive correlation.Conclusions Brain edema appeared and expanded rapidly on the day of intracerebral hemorrhage in SHRs.It reached the peak on day 3,and then dissipated gradually.The blood pressure decreased significantly on day 1 after intracerebral hemorrhage,and it began to increase from day 3 till day 7.The changing trends of the blood pressure and perihematomal edema volume were parallel to each other,and the change rate of systolic blood pressure and the change rate of perihematomal edema volume showed a positive correlation.

Objective To explore the prevalence,subtype,distribution characteristics and risk factors of IBS met ROME Ⅲ criteria in local adult residents of Shanghai Songjiang area.Methods With multi-stage,stratified cluster random sampling method,from April to May in 2010,residents of45 shanghai Songjiang communities were interviewed by questionnaire survey.IBS diagnosis was based on Rome Ⅲ criteria,and the subtypes were according to Bristol stool scale.Self-rating anxiety scale (SAS),self-rating depression scale (SDS) and Athens insomnia scale (AIS) were also simultaneously finished. Results There were 7648 individuals who completed the survey with qualified questionnaires; the efficient rate was 90％. The sample size accounted about 1.62％ of total population in Shanghai Songjiang area.Total 970 patients were detected,who met the Rome Ⅲ criteria,of those 492 males and 478 females.The adjusted prevalence of IBS was 13.1％,13.8％ in males and 12.7％ in females.The ratio of male to female was 1 ∶ 0.92.There was no significant difference in detection rate between males and females (P＞0.05).The prevalence was highest in the 18 to 29 years age group (18.2％,P=0.000).IBS unsubtyped (IBS-U) was the most common type in patients who met the Rome Ⅲ criteria (45.3 ％),IBS with diarrhea (IBS-D) type was more common in male (27.0％) and IBS with constipation (IBS-C) was more common in female (19.5％).The IBS prevalence of obesity group (x2 =4.046,P=0.044),higher education group (x2=31.210,P=0.000),mental group (x2 =8.409,P =0.015),unmarried group(x2 =26.933,P =0.000) and no abdominal surgery history group(x2 =5.894,P=0.015) was higher than that of control group.The risk of IBS prevalence in those who had the history of gastrointestinal infection,abdominal surgery,taking antibiotics or analgesics increased by 5.105,3.388,2.949 and 2.811 times respectively(P=0.000).Multivariate analysis indicated that the risk of IBS prevalence was increased by 1.69 times if took more spicy food,however high-protein diet was a protective factor (OR=0.900,P=0.000).Anxiety (OR=2.452,P=0.000) and insomnia (OR=1.923,P=0.000) were also risk factors of IBS.Conclusion IBS is a common and frequently occurring disease in Shanghai Songjiang community.The history of gastrointestinal infection,abdominal surgery,taking antibiotics or analgesics,intake of more spicy food,anxiety and insomnia may be risk factors of IBS.

Objective To apply the real-time gray scale contrast-enhanced ultrasonography(CEUS) with quantitative analysis technique to monitor the change of the renal cortex blood perfusion before and after Salvia miltiorrhiza treatment of rabbit renal is-chemia-reperfusion injury and to investigate the application value of the ultrasound contrast for evaluating the effect of medication in the treatment of rabbit renal ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) .Methods The rabbit right kidney was resected and the left renal pedicle was occluded for 60 min ischemia ,then the perfusion was recovered for establishing the IRI model .Salvia miltiorrhiza injec-tion was given for observing the pathological changes of the left kidney and the renal cortex blood prefusion under the contrast-en-hanced ultrasonography .The parameters of renal cortex blood perfusion were quantitatively analyzed by the time-intension curves . Results After IRI occurrence ,the time-intensity curve (TIC) of the rabbit renal cortex was slowly ascended .The time to peak (TTP) was extened and the rising slope(Grad) of the curve ascending branch was declined (P< 0 .05);after Salvia miltiorrhiza treatment ,TTP decreased and Grad increased obviously(P<0 .05) .Conclusion CEUS combined with quantitative analysis can re-flect the renal blood perfusion abnormity caused by ischemia-reperfusion and discover the change of the renal blood perfusion after medication treatment .

Objective To explore the status and risk factors of the dyslipidemia among health examination population of Lanzhou for providing the intervention measures .Methods According to the stratified cluster random sampling method ,4 505 health exami-nation individuals were recruited for the study from 5 hospitals in the Lanzhou region through questionnaire ,biochemical analysis . Results Prevalence of dyslipidemia of the population was 45 .79% ,high TG was the main type .The level of serum TC ,TG ,HDL-C and LDL-C were (5 .27 ± 1 .08) ,(1 .74 ± 1 .38) ,(1 .41 ± 0 .43) and (2 .83 ± 0 .82)mmol/L .The prevalence was 53 .49% in male , and 34 .93% in female .The prevalence was higher among the group of 35- <45 years old for male and 55- <65 years old for fe-male .The level of HDL-C was low among young people .There was aggregation of risk factors among the participants with dyslipi-demia .Non-conditional logistic regression analysis showed that the risk factors were age (OR=1 .701) ,overweight (OR=5 .560) , abdominal obesity(OR=2 .398) ,smoking(OR=0 .545) ,intake of greasy diet(OR=5 .313) ,sleep quality(OR=2 .005) and diastolic blood pressure(OR=3 .061) .Conclusion Lipid disorders becomes a serious problem in the health examination population ,measures such as rational diet ,weight control ,sleep improvement ,pressure control and quiting smoking must be taken .

Objective To further investigate the accuracy of the real-time three-dimensional echocardiography(RT-3DE) in evaluating right ventricular(RV) systolic function.Methods RT-3DE,MRI and SPECT were used to study a total 30 patients including 10 with coronary artery disease,7 with hypertension,5 with cardiomyopathy,5 with atrial septal defect,and 3 with pulmonary hypertension.The RV end-diastolic volume(RVEDV),RV end-systolic volume(RVESV),RV stroke volume(RVSV) and RV ejection fraction(RVEF) were measured.The correlation and the difference between different modalities were compared.Results RT-3DE had a good correlation with MRI in RVEDV,RVESV,RVSV and RVEF (rEDV =0.811,rESV =0.837,rSV =0.818,and rEF =0.701).Also RT-3DE had a correlation with SPECT in RVEDV,RVESV,and RVSV(rEDV =0.526,rESV =0.493,rSV =0.514),but there was no correlation between RT-3DE and SPECT in RVEF (rEF =0.235).Conclusions RT-3DE can assess RV systolic function accurately.

Objective To compare the clinical features of pulmonary infections with Mycobacterium intracellulare and Mycobacterium abscessus in the tuberculosis intensive care unit (ICU).Methods Clinical data of 74 patients with non-tuberculous mycobacterial pulmonary infection (NTM) admitted in tuberculosis ICU of Hangzhou Red Cross Hospital from January 2012 to May 2017 were retrospectively analyzed.There were 54 patients infected with Mycobacterial abscesses, 16 patients with Mycobacterial intracellular, 2 patients with Mycobacterium avium and 2 patients with Mycobacterium kansasii.The clinical features, imaging manifestations, treatment and prognosis of patients with Mycobacterial intracellular and Mycobacterial abscesses lung infections were compared.SPSS 21.0 software was used for statistical analysis.Survival curve analysis was performed using GraphPad Prism V 5.01.Results Among 74 patients with NTM lung disease , the infection rate of Mycobacterium abscessus was 72.87%(54/74), and the infection rate of Mycobacterium intracellular was 21.62%( 16/74 ).The age of patients with Mycobacterium intracellularis pulmonary disease was younger and the length of ICU stay was shorter than those of patients with Mycobacterium abscessus (t＝－2.729 and －6.150, P＜0.05 or ＜0.01).There was no significant difference in the gender distribution and APACHE Ⅱ scores between the two groups ( both P＞0.05).The proportion of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease ( COPD) in Mycobacterium intracellularis group was significantly lower and the proportion of patients with bronchiectasis was significantly higher than those in Mycobacterial abscesses group (χ2＝3.902, P＜0.05; χ2＝23.888, P＜0.01).The proportion of patients complicated with stroke sequelae , Parkinson's disease and other central nervous system diseases ( χ2＝14.872, P＜0.01) and diabetes (χ2＝3.902, P＜0.05) in Mycobacterial abscess group was significantly higher, and that of hemoptysis was significantly lower (χ2＝9.717, P＜0.01) than those in Mycobacterium intracellularis group.Respiratory failure (93.75%) and septic shock (6.25%) were the main reasons of ICU admission for patients with Mycobacterium intracellularis lung disease; while respiratory failure (90.74%), heart failure (11.11%) and renal failure (1.85%) were main reasons of ICU admission for patients with Mycobacterial abscesses; there were no significant differences in the causes of ICU admission between the two groups ( all P＞0.05).The proportion of NTM isolated from patients with Mycobacterial intracellular lung disease, prior to mechanical ventilation was significantly higher than that of patients with Mycobacterial abscess ( χ2＝30.366, P ＜0.01 ).In imaging, the proportion of bronchiectasis in Mycobacterium intracellularis lung disease group was significantly higher than that in Mycobacterial abscesses lung disease group (χ2＝23.888, P＜0.01).There was no significant difference in the 28-day mortality rate between the two groups (χ2＝3.244, P＞0.05), while the survival rate in patients with Mycobacterium intracellularis lung disease within 120 days was significantly higher than that in patients with Mycobacterial abscesses lung disease (χ2＝12.780, P＜0.01).Conclusion When critically ill patients are positive for acid-fast staining, the ICU physician should consider the possibility of NTM lung disease.For severe patients with long-term mechanical ventilation , Mycobacterium abscessus infection should be considered first.

Integrin alphavbeta3 plays a major role in various signaling pathways, cell apoptosis, and tumor angiogenesis. To examine the functions and roles of alphavbeta3 integrin, a stable CHO-677 cell line expressing the murine alphavbeta3 heterodimer (designated as "CHO-677-malphavbeta3" cells) was established using a highly efficient lentiviral-mediated gene transfer technique. Integrin subunits alphav and beta3 were detected at the gene and protein levels by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and indirect immunofluorescent assay (IFA), respectively, in the CHO-677-malphavbeta3 cell line at the 20th passage, implying that these genes were successfully introduced into the CHO-677 cells and expressed stably. A plaque-forming assay, 50% tissue culture infective dose (TCID50), real-time quantitative reverse transcription-PCR, and IFA were used to detect the replication levels of Foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) in the CHO-677-malphavbeta3 cell line. After infection with FMDV/O/ZK/93, the cell line showed a significant increase in viral RNA and protein compared with CHO-677 cells. These findings suggest that we successfully established a stable alphavbeta3-receptor-expressing cell line with increased susceptibility to FMDV. This cell line will be very useful for further investigation of alphavbeta3 integrin, and as a cell model for FMDV research.
Animals ; Animals, Suckling ; CHO Cells ; Cloning, Molecular ; Cricetulus ; DNA, Complementary/genetics/metabolism ; Disease Susceptibility/virology ; Foot-and-Mouth Disease/*genetics/virology ; Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus/*physiology ; Integrin alphaVbeta3/*genetics/metabolism ; Mice

Objective:To investigate the etiology, clinicopathological changes and genetic variation characteristics of familial juvenile hyperuricemia nephropathy (FJHN) through pedigree investigation and gene test conducted on a patient with FJHN.Methods:Clinical data of the proband family members were collected, routine pathological examination of the proband kidney tissue was conducted, and the expression of the Uromodulin (UMOD) protein in the proband kidney tissue was detected by immunofluorescence staining. Peripheral blood specimens of proband and their relatives were collected, and gene sequencing analysis related to urinary system diseases including UMOD was performed by double-stranded DNA probe gene capture and high-throughput sequencing. Results:Seven family members in the family were involved and the inheritance method was consistent with autosomal dominant inheritance. Among the seven affected individuals only a 3-year-old child didn't show any clinical abnormalities. All of the remaining six patients had hyperuricemia accompanied with renal dysfunction and three of them were end-stage renal disease and two of them died of uremia. Proband renal pathological results showed chronic tubulointerstitial lesions and focal glomerular sclerosis with no obvious deposition of immune complexes. Immunofluorescent staining showed that strong positive signals of UMOD protein accumulated in the tubular epithelial cells, which was very specific and could be used to differentiate FJHN from other interstial nephritis. A total of four patients including the proband were tested and all had found heterozygous mutation c.377G>A of UMOD gene, a new missense mutation located on exon 3. Conclusion:Involved patients in this family present a typical autosomal dominant inheritance pattern, clinically manifested as hyperuricemia with early renal function impairment, renal pathology manifested as non-immune complex-mediated glomerular sclerosis and renal interstitial fibrosis, and there is abnormal accumulation of UMOD protein in renal tubular epithelial cells. Genetic testing shows a new gene locus mutation c.377G>A, confirming the diagnosis of FJHN. Patients with unexplained hyperuricemia and characteristic pathological changes should undergo renal tissue fluorescent staining of UMOD protein, which may be a simple and feasible method to detect the abnormality of UMOD protein.

Life sciences are the disciplines most closely related with human beings. As experimental disciplines, life sciences develop rapidly and highly intersect in many scientific fields. Under the "double first-class" initiative, the comprehensive development-oriented talent training system has put forward an urgent need for life sciences literacy and comprehensive ability training of college students. Taking the reform of liberal education curriculum system as an opportunity, we developed a series of eight life sciences practical liberal courses for students with non-biology majors. The courses cover all sub-disciplines or directions of life sciences, and aim to foster interdisciplinary talents with life sciences knowledge and literacy, as well as practical and innovative abilities. These courses could serve as references for experimental teaching centers in colleges and universities to set up practical liberal and experimental courses.
Biological Science Disciplines ; Curriculum ; Humans ; Students ; Universities