Objective To evaluate the radiation dose from enhanced dual-source computed Tomography(DSCT) scan on children with congenital heart disease(CHD). Methods Seventy children with CHD, age from 1 month to 8 years old, were scanned with enhanced DSCT. Children were divided by age into ＜ 1 year old group, 1-5 years old group, ＞ 5 years old group. The differences among three groups were tested by F test. Then, the SNK test was used to compare the difference between each group. Multiple linear regression analysis was used to test the relationship of dose length product (DLP) with the age,weight, voltage, current, pitch and scan sheet. Results The average value of DLP was (144.46 ±test showed statistical differences of DLP between ＜ 1 year old group and 1-5 years old group, and between ＜1 year old group and ＞5 years old group(q =5.21,6.52,P =0.009,0.004). The difference of DLP between 1-5 years old group and ＞ 5 years old group did not reach significant ( q = 0.28, P = 0.48 ). The differences of ED was not statistically significant among the three groups [＜ 1 year 3.20 mSv, 1-5 years (5.17 ± 1.98 ) mSv, ＞ 5 years ( 3.74 ± 1.33 ) mSv, F = 0.54, P = 0.59]. DLP was positively correlated with age (4.3 years,r = 0.541 86, P = 0.0008 ), weight ( 12.1 kg, r = 0.563 71, P = 0.0004 ), voltage [(95.48±6.99) kV,r =0.632 69, P＜0.01], current [(138.55±40.67) mA,r =0.796 08, P＜0.0001] and scan sheet (236.10 ±46.51 ,r = 0.721 92, P ＜ 0.01 ). DLP was negative correlated with pitch (0.48 ± 0.03,r = - 0.466 93, P = 0.0047 ). Conclusion Higher DLP was observed in children over 1 year old under enhanced DSCT scan, but ED was not statistically significant among the three groups due to the higher K value in the children under 1 year old.

Molecular imprinting technique (MIT) involves the synthesis of polymer in the presence of a template to produce complementary binding sites in terms of its size, shape and functional group orientation. Such kind of polymer possesses specific recognition ability towards its template molecule. Despite the rapid development of MIT over the years, the majority of the template molecules that have been studied are small molecules, while molecular imprinting of proteins remains a significant yet challenging task due to their large size, structural flexibility and complex conformation. This review, we summarized the research findings over the past years, and discussed the nano-reinforcing materials used to prepare molecular imprinting of proteins and the perspective of these nano-reinforcing materials.

BACKGROUND: Based on a mouse model of tibial implantation, some scholars have found that the CaP-coated implant with recombinant human parathyroid hormone (1-34) (PTH(1-34)) shows strong osteogenesis effect at early stage, but this coating has not been applied in the oral environment.OBJECTIVE: To explore the role of local application of PTH(1-34) on immediate implant osseointegration . METHODS: Nine New Zealand white rabbits were randomly divided into two groups (six in experimental group and three in control group). All of the tooth sockets were filled with heterogeneous freeze-dried bone firstly after four incisors of each rabbit were extracted. In the experimental group, a titanium screw with PTH(1-34) loaded CaP coating was implanted into each tooth socket, while in the control group, a titanium screw with only CaP coating was implanted. The animals were executed respectively at 4, 8, 12 weeks after operation, and the intact maxillary and mandibular specimens were harvested and tested by gross observation, bone density analysis, torque test, histologic al observation, X-ray observation.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The gray value and maximum torque value of regenerated osseous tissue at different time points in the experimental group were significantly higher than those in the control group (P < 0.05). Within 4-12 weeks after implantation, regenerated and mature bone tissue appeared earlier in the experimental group than the control group. A large amount of new blood vessels were seen in the experimental group at 8 weeks after implantation, while in the control group, there were only few new blood vessels. To conclude, the local application of PTH(1-34) can promote bone formation, improve the implant-bone bonding strength, and enhance the stability of the implant.

Objective To evaluate two kinds of practical CT three-dimensional volumetric measurement techniques in assessing atrial septal defects (ASDs) for transcatheter device closure.Methods Retrospective assessment of 50 consecutive patients who underwent ASD closure was conducted.Cardiac CT was performed in them before planned transcatheter ASD closure and postoperative chest radiograph was performed in both posteroanterior and lateral view.Coronary CT angiography was made for the detection of coronary artery disease,and three-dimensional reconstruction of ASD was conducted for determination of the defect size in the GE-workstation.Two kinds of practical CT three-dimensional volumetric measurement techniques,one named CT virtual endoscopy assisted volumetric measurement (CTVE) and another called axial sequence assisted volumetric measurement(CTAS),were used to calculate the major axis and the minor axis of the ASD respectively.Thus,the dimensions of the Equivalent Circle were derived,with circunference and area equal to the elliptic ASD according to the formulation (D =√b4/a2 + a2-b2).The ASDs occluder (ASO) dimension was measured in the lateral chest radiograph,and this postoperative occluder-waist size (POS) value was regarded as the gold standard for the measurement of ASD.The results were compared between CTVE and CTAS,and the correlations were evaluated between them and the gold standard.Results The differences in the major dimensions (-9.05 mm,t =-6.60,P ＜ 0.05),minor dimensions (-4.86 mm,t =-4.39,P ＜ 0.05) and Equivalent circle dimensions (-7.65 mm,t =-6.40,P ＜ 0.05) of ASD between CTAS and CTVE were statistically significant.Though the CTAS cannot provide the en face views of ASDs,the Equivalent Circle dimensions measured by CTAS(22.48 ± 5.59) mm was correlated well with POS (27.07 ± 6.83)mm (Y =1.14X + 1.39,r =0.94,P ＜ 0.01),and a good correlation was found between this Equivalent Circle dimensions and ASO size (Y =1.02X + 6.84,R2 =0.78,r =0.88,P ＜ 0.05).The correlation between the Equivalent Circle dimensions measured by using CTVE (30.13 ± 9.27) mm and POS was poor (Y =0.30X + 17.94,r =0.41,P ＜ 0.01),though it can provide the en face views of ASDs.Conclusion CTVE and CTAS are two complementary techniques of assessing ASDs for transcatheter device closure.

Objective To assess effects of stress dynamic CT myocardial perfusion imaging (CT-MPI) combined with coronary CT angiography (CCTA) on the diagnosis of myocardial perfusion defects in coronary artery disease (CAD). Methods Patients with CAD diagnosed by CCTA underwent ATP stress CT-MPI examination. Single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) myocardial perfusion imaging (SPECT-MPI) was performed within one week and set as the reference standard. CT-MPI results were qualitatively analyzed, and myocardial blood flow (MBF), myocardial blood volume (MBV) as well as time to peak (TTP) were quantified according to CT-MPI. Effects of CCTA, CT-MPI, and CT-MPI combined with CCTA on predicting myocardial perfusion defects were assessed in comparison with NMPI. Results Thirty patients [(54.8±8.4)years] were enrolled in our study, 20 were men (68%). MBF [(79.3±18.0) versus (135.1± 35.2) ml·100 ml-1·min-1] and MBV [(8.9±2.9) versus (13.8±8.9) ml/100 ml] were significantly decreased in hypoperfused segments compared with normal segments, while TTP was increased in hypoperfused segments [(13.9 ± 2.5)s] compared with normal segments [(9.1 ± 2.1)s] (t=0.302, 0.866 and 0.024 respectively, all P values<0.01). The sensitivity, specificity of CT-MPI for identifying segments with perfusion defects were 91.3%(147/161), 84.6%(281/332), respectively. On a per-vessel basis, the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve for predicting myocardial perfusion defects were 0.635(95%CI:0.517—0.753) for CCTA, 0.709(95%CI:0.599—0.819)for CT-MPI, and 0.837(95%CI:0.749—0.925)for CT-MPI combined with CCTA, respectively. Conclusions The performance of stress dynamic CT-MPI in the diagnosis of myocardial perfusion defects in CAD was good. One-stop examination of CT-MPI combined with CCTA improves the diagnostic accuracy for identifying flow-obstructing stenosis.

Objective To evaluate the utility of MMP9,MPO and sCD40L in detection of the character of coronary artery plaque.Methods From April 2008 to January 2010,118 patients from outpatient of Fu Wai Hospital with chest pain were enrolled.All of them underwent 64 Multiple-detector row spiral computer tomography (64-MDCT),the CT value ＜ 130 Hu patients were enrolled in non-calcified plaque group (71 cases),CT value ≥ 130 Hu patients were enrolled in the calcified plaque group (47 cases).Ninty healthy volunteers were selected as the control group.Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to detect the levels of serum markers,including MMP9,MPO and sCD40L.Levels of MMP9,MPO and sCD40L of each group were compared.ROC curve was used to evaluate the sensitivity and specificity of the markers in diagnosis of non-calcified plaque.Results MMP9,MPO and sCD40L levels of non-calcified were ( 762.25 ± 368.71 ),[ 844.10 (582.00 - 1220.70) ],(9.37 ± 3.15) μg/L,higher than the healthy control group (342.70 ± 178.53),[426.35 ( 283.20 - 592.00) ],(6.55 ± 2.96) μg/L and calcified plaque group ( 483.12 ± 219.09 ),[ 469.00 ( 302.45 - 723.55) ],( 7.24 ± 2.86) μg/L The difference was statistically significant ( F =42.47,H =50.28,F =17.94,all P ＜ 0.01 ). Areas of MMP9,MPO and sCD40L under the ROC curve to predict non-calcified plaque were 0.854,0.792,0.751 respectively,when the identification threshold for non-calcified plaque were 510.13,537.82,7.05 μg/L respectively,the diagnostic sensitivity was 80％,80％,80％ respectively,and specificity was 80％,67％ and 55％ respectively.Conclusion The serum MMP9,MPO and sCD40L levels can help to determine the　character of coronary plaque.

Objective To study the correlation between morphological characteristics of coronary artery calcified plaques and luminal stenosis of local coronary artery segments with 64-slice computed tomography.Methods One hundred and eleven patients who had undergone 64-slice computed tomographic coronary angiography(CTCA)and conventional coronary angiography(CAG)were retrospectively analyzed.The calcified plaques were classified as punctate,nodular,strip-like and nubbly in long-axis view of coronary artery lumen,and were classified as crescent,semilunar,round moon and circinate in short-axis view.The morphologic characteristics of these calcified plaques on CTCA were retrospectively analyzed and compared with luminal stenosis of CAG results.Results Among 528 calcified coronary segments which were analyzed in 111 patients,there were 383(72.5%)punctate calcified plaque segments and 145(27.5%)of non-punctate plaques.There were 34(23.4%,34/145)non-punctate calcified plaques which caused severe stenosis(≥75%),including 4(11.8%)nodular,8(23.5%)stripe-like and 22(64.7%)nubbly calcified plaques on the long-axis view,and 0(0.0%)cresent,8(23.5%)semilunar,18(52.9%)round moon and 8(23.5%)circinate calcified plaques on the short-axis view.The ratios of different morphological coronary artery calcifications which caused severe stenoses were significantly different with each other(all P＜0.01).Conclusion Different figures of coronary artery calcified plaques demonstrate different degrees of stenoses of local coronary artery lumen.Severe stenoses were mostly caused by nubbly calcified plaque on long-axis view,round moon and circinate calcified plaque on short-axis view.

Objective To investigate the frequency of anaplastic lymphoma kinase ( ALK ) expression in non-small cell lung cancer ( NSCLC ) patients and its correlation with the clinicopathologic features.Methods ALK immunohistochemistry and ALK fluorescent in situ hybridization ( FISH ) were performed on formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue in 100 cases of NSCLCs between 2011 and 2013.Relevant clinicopathologic data were collected and correlated with ALK expression.Results All patients with immunohistochemical score of 3 (n=12) were FISH-positive and all patients with score of 0 (n=78) were FISH-negative.Among patients with immunohistochemical scores of 1 and 2, 2/3 and 6/7 were FISH-positive, respectively.The sensitivity and specificity of ALK immunohistochemistry with intensity score of 1 or more were 100% and 98%, respectively.Invasive mucinous adenocarcinoma , solid or acinar growth pattern, presence of mucous cells ( signet-ring cells or goblet cells ), extracellular mucus and lack of significant nuclear pleomorphism characterized ALK-rearranged cancer.Conclusions ALK-rearranged cancers possess specific histological features.Immunohistochemistry can be used as a routine test for screening ALK-positive cases in advanced NSCLC , and FISH testing should be used to confirm ALK translocation for patients with tumors showing staining for ALK by immunohistochemistry.All of these can help physicians identify patients who may benefit from targeted therapy.

Objective To investigate the influence of glycyrrhizic acid (GA) on oxidative stress injury in glomerular mesangial cells (HBZY-1) induced high glucose.Methods HBZY-1 was cultured and divided into the normal control group,high glucose group and high glucose +-GA group.The cell proliferation activity was measured by MTT assay.UV spectrophotometry was used to detect the SOD and MDA levels.And the ROS changes were detected by laser confocal microscopy.Immunohistochemistry and Western blot were used to detect the expression of Mn-SOD protein in various groups.Mn-SOD mRNA was detected by Q-PCR.Results (1) The morphological changes in each group:HBZY-1 cells were diamond-shaped,cells were normal and the structure was clear in the NG group.In the HG+-GA group,the number of cells was increased slightly,individual cell body was slightly hypertrophy.The cell structure in the HG group was not clear,the cells appeared flat,the number was increased significantly,the cell body was slightly hypertrophy.(2)The proliferative effect of HBZY-1 in each group:compared with the NG group,the OD value in the HG group was significantly increased,and the OD value in the HG+GA group was decreased compared with the HG group(P＜0.05).(3)The relative content of ROS in the HG group was higher than that in the NG group,and which in the HG+GA group was decreased (P＜0.05).(4)The expression of Mn-SOD in each group:the relative expression of Mn-SOD in the HG group was significantly lower than that in the NG group (P＜0.05),and the expression of Mn-SOD in the HG+-GA group was increased compared with the HG group(P＜0.05).Conclusion Glycyrrhizic acid has a certain inhibiting effect on the abnormal proliferation of HBZY-1 induced by high glucose.Glycyrrhizic acid can protect the cell hypertrophy and cell damage caused by glomerular mesangial cells via oxidative stress,and glycyrrhizic acid can regulate the Mn-SOD expression induced by high glucose.

Objective To evaluate the value of color Doppler two-dimensional ultrasound combined with real-time ultrasonic shear wave elastography (SWE) in the early diagnosis of breast cancer.Methods A total of 110 suspected breast tumor patients from October 2015 to April 2017 were selected as subjects.Comprehensive detailed examinations on the patients were conducted by routine two-dimensional ultrasound,color Doppler and SWE,and the lesion location,size,boundary,capsule,internal echo,blood flow,elastic value and other related data were recorded.The BI-RADS classification was conducted based on these data.Pathological diagnosis was used as the gold standard to compare the diagnostic effects of color Doppler two-dimensional ultrasound and the combination of color Doppler two-dimensional ultrasound and SWE.Results Of the 110 patients,78 were malignant and 32 were benign.The sensitivity of color Doppler two-dimensional ultrasound for breast cancer diagnosis was 83.3％,the specificity was 81.2％,and the accuracy was 82.7％.The sensitivity of color Doppler two-dimensional ultrasound combined with SWE for breast cancer diagnosis was 88.5％,the specificity was 90.6％,and the accuracy was 94.5％.Conclusion Color Doppler two-dimensional ultrasound combined with SWE can complement each other and improve the qualitative and quantitative diagnosis of early breast cancer.