Objective To investigate the trends of colorectal cancer incidence in Shanghai Xuhui District from 2001 to 2011.Methods Total 3042 cases of colon cancer and 1958 cases of rectal cancer were collected from the Shanghai Cancer Reporting System.The results were age-adjusted according the census data of 2000 as the standardized incidence.Results The standardized incidence rate of colorectal cancer in Xuhui District rose from the 21.83/100 000 in 2001 to 27.35/100 000 in 2006 and increased by 25.29％ ; from 2009 to 2011 the incidence rate was stabilized.The ratio of colon to rectal cancer was 1.55:1,and the incidence of colon cancer was significantly higher than rectal cancer.The incidence rate of male and feinale colorectal cancer increased with age,especially at ＞ 45 y group accounting for 98.70％ and 98.37％ of total incidence rate respectively.The ratio of male to female in colon cancer incidence rate was 0.98∶ 1,while that of rectal cancer was1.25∶ 1.Conclusion The incidence of colorectal cancer in Xuhui District from the last 11 years is significantly higher than of national level.More effective preventive measures should be taken.

Objective The aim of this study is to investigate CD+8 natural killer T cell receptors NKG2D and NKG2A expression in peripheral blood of patients with lung cancer and discuss the relation between imbalance expression of NKG2A and NKG2D and tumor immune escape. Methods Flow cytometry was used to determine the percentage of NKG2D and NKG2A-expressing of CD+8 NKT cells in peripheral blood of 95 untreated lung cancer patients and 50 healthy controls. Results NKG2D was lower expressed on CD+8 NKT in lung cancer, the level of NKG2D in patients (77.07±5.77) % was significantly lower than that in the controls (84.13±4.49) % (t =8.14, P <0.05). In the TNM stage, the level of NKG2D in patients of Ⅰ-ⅢA, ⅢB, Ⅳ stage were (81.07±5.02) %, (76.95 ±4.70)%, (72.80±5.16) %, respectively, the level of NKG2D was significantly decreased in order (F =18.74, P <0.05). NKG2A was expressed higher on CD+8 NKT in lung cancer, the level of NKG2A in patients (33.58±8.82) % was significantly higher than that in the controls (25.31 ±8.38) % (t =-5.46, P<0.05). In the TNM stage, the level of NKG2A in patients of Ⅰ - Ⅲ A, ⅢB, Ⅳ stage were (25.10±6.93) %, (33.24±3.76) %, (43.64±6.10) %, respectively, the level of NKG2A was significantly increased in order (F =75.73,P <0.05). Conclusion Imbalance expression of NKG2A and NKG2D may restrain the function of CD+8 NKT cell of lung cancer patients in peripheral blood and that may be one of important factors in tumor immunological escape.

Objective To investigate and compare the effects of etomidate or propofol on spatial cognitive,exploring,learning and memory abilities and hippocampus tissue in rapid development period of rats.Methods Thirty-nine SD rats with anage from 17 to 18 days were randomly divided into group C(10 ml/kg of normal saline),group E(5 mg/kg of etomidate),group P(50 mg/kg of propofol)(n=13).They were all single injected intraperitoneally.The tests of cognitive function were performed in Open Field Test(OFT),Hole Board Test and Ymaze Test at 3 hours postanesthesia awake.HE staining method was uesed to observe the morphology of hippocampus neuron tissue and immunohistochemistry(IHC) method was uesed to detect the expression of aspartic acid specificity cysteine protease (caspase-3) in hippocampal neurons.Results In the OFT,there was no significant difference between group C((3.70 ± 1.06)s,(39.10 ± 11.89)s)and group E,P((4.40 ±2.01)s and (4.60 ± 1.96) s,(37.90 ± 11.88) s and (36.30 ± 15.68) s) about the retention time in central check and the locomotion (P ＞ 0.05).In the Hole Board Test,the rats of groups E and P(12.00 ± 3.13,10.00 ± 2.79) about the times of rats stretch into the hole were significant different comparing with group C(16.30 ±4.62) (P＜0.05).In the Ymaze Test,compared with group C,the group E in the right number and total reaction time were no significant differences (P ＞ 0.05).The right number of group P (9.80 ± 2.39) were obviously decreased as compared with group C(13.30 ±2.00)(P ＜ 0.01),and there also had significant difference between group E and group C (P ＜0.05).In addition,the total reation time between group P ((82.30 ± 10.20) s) and group C ((67.70 ± 12.18) s) was significant difference(P ＜ 0.05).In HE staining,there were obvious changes in group E and P.In IHC,the expression of caspase-3 between groups C,E and P,there were no significant differences (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion Single intraperitoneal injection of etomidate can make a transient effects for the rapid development period of rats ' ability of exploration,but have no obvious influence of the spatial cognition and learning and memory abilities.And etomidate lead less influence on newborn rat behavior and hippocampal tissue than propofol.

Objective To investigate the immunogenicity of immunodominant cytotoxic T lymphocyte epitope E749-57 of human papilloma virus (HPV) 16 oncoprotein E7 chaperoned by heat shock protein (HSP)110. Methods Mouse HSP110 gene was cloned into prokaryotic expression vector pQE-80L for the expression of HSP110 protein, which was purified using Ni-NTA column. SDS-PAGE and Western-blot were conducted to confirm the purified mHSP110 protein, which was subsequently incubated with E749-57 peptide under heat shock condition, and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was used to evaluate the binding efficiency of the recombinant protein and E749-57 peptide. Twenty mice were divided into 4 groups to be immunized with mHSP110 protein, E749-57 peptide, mHSP110-E749-57 complex and phosphate buffered saline (PBS),respectively. Two weeks after the last immunization, spleen cells were collected from the immunized mice and divided into 2 parts: one were stimulated by E749-57 peptide followed by the detection of CD8+ INF-γ+ T cells with flow cytometry; the other one were subjected to MTT analysis for the estimation of cell proliferation. The mHSP110-E749-57 complex was also used to immunize TC-1 tumor bearing mice to observe its anti-tumor effect.Results The full-length 2577 bp-sized mHSP110 gene was amplified from mouse liver cDNA and cloned into pQE-80L vector. Direct sequencing confirmed the correctness of the cloning. SDS-PAGE and Western-blot demonstrated the successful purification of mHSP110. HPLC assay showed that the purified mHSP110 protein could bind with E749-57 to form a relatively stable protein complex. The percentage of IFN-γ+ CD8+ T cells in and proliferation index of spleen cells from the complex-immunized mice were statistically higher than those from the other 3 groups of mice. Moreover, the complex could obviously inhibit the growth of TC-1 tumor in mice. Conclusion The mHSP110-E749-57 complex could enhance the generation of specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes and exert anti-tumor effects in mice.

Background and purpose:HPV infection is known as the primary cause of cervical cancer worldwide To investigate high risk type human papillomavirus (HPV) prevalence and incidence rates of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) and their screen risk factors in women with different methods of screening.Methods:1137 residents, workers and service women aged 15-59 from Shenzhen city were investigated for cervical cancer in an epidemiology screening study.The high risk types of human papillomavirus of liquid-based cytology samples were tested by hybrid capture 2 (HC-Ⅱ) and liquid-based cytology test (LCT) was also performed at the same time. Women for HPV-positive with LCT ≥ atypical squamous cells of undetermined sign (ASCUS) or HPV-negative with LCT ≥ low grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (LSIL) were biopsied in colposcopy and then were examined by pathology. All data was managed by Foxbase. ?2 test and unconditional Logistic regression model were used for data analysis by SPSS 10.0.Results:1137 women were eligible in our research, the overall rates of HPV infection was 14.0%. HPV detection rates in residents, workers and service women were 14.1%,9.2%,18.9% respectively. HPV detection rates in workers group was significantly lower than that of service women and residents (P

Objective: The research was aimed to discuss the role of science and technology research in the public health emergency response, and to provide theoretical support for building Healthy China, implementing the National Strategy of Innovation-Driven Development. Methods: Take COVID-19 as an example, to sum up the characteristics and the function of science and technology research in the public health emergency prevention and control system. Results: In order to make the scientific and technological research as the supporting system in public health emergency, we need to strengthen the basic research, to improve the research and development for controlling product with the independent intellectual property, to optimize the training system and evaluating system in public health technology, to deepen the international collaboration and to popularize the basic scientific knowledge. Conclusions Through systematically arrangement for disease controlling and prevention, for the industrial supporting, for the health improvement, for the talent training system and for the cooperation and the communication, we need to fasten the technological innovation for better preparation and responding to public health emergencies.

Objective To investigate the role of orexin-A in doxapram-induced promotion of emergence from general anesthesia in patients.Methods Forty-four patients of both sexes,aged 18-60 yr,with body mass index of 21-25 kg/m2,of American Society of Anesthesiology physical status Ⅰ or Ⅱ,scheduled for elective lumbar surgery under general anesthesia,were divided into 2 groups (n =22 each) using a random number table:control group and doxapram group.Anesthesia was induced by intravenously injecting propofol,sufentanil and cisatracurium.The patients were mechanically ventilated after tracheal intubation.Anesthesia was maintained by inhaling sevoflurane and target-controlled infusion of remifentanil.Sevoflurane inhalation and remifentanil infusion were stopped at the end of operation,oxygen flow rate was adjusted to 6 L/min,doxapram 0.5 mg/kg were intravenously injected at the same time in doxapram group,and the equal volume of normal saline was given in control group.The emergence time and extubation time were recorded.On admission to operating room (T0),at 1 h after anesthesia induction (T1) and 5 and 30 min after tracheal extubation (T2,3),arterial blood samples were collected for determination of blood glucose concentrations and plasma orexin-A concentrations (by radioimmunoassay).Results Compared with the baseline at T0,blood glucose concentrations were significantly decreased at T1 and increased at T3,and plasma orexin-A concentrations were increased at T2 in two groups (P ＜ 0.05).Compared with control group,the time to eye opening and extubation time were significantly shortened,plasma orexin-A concentrations were increased at T2 (P＜0.05),and no significant change was found in blood glucose concentrations at each time point in doxapram group (P＞0.05).Conclusion The mechanism by which doxapram promotes emergence from general anesthesia may be related to increasing plasma orexin-A concentrations in patients.

Objective To investigate the protective effect and mechanism of ginsenoside Rg1(G-Rg1)on interleukin-6(IL-6)-induced neuronal injury in rats by regulating Janus activated kinase(JAK)/signal transducer and activator of transcription 3(STAT3)signaling pathway.Methods After culture,rat hippocampal neurons were divided into the control group(normal culture),the IL-6 model group(50 μg/L IL-6 was used to treat rat hippocampal neurons for 18 h to simulate the inflammatory environment in brain),the G-Rg1 low dose(10 μmol/L)group and the G-Rg1 high dose(40 μmol/L)group.After 48 h of normal culture,the survival rate of hippocampal neurons was determined by MTT method.The total iron load of neurons was detected by spectrophotometry,and levels of ferroptosis markers glutathione(GSH)and glutathione peroxidase 4(GPX4)were detected.The mRNA expression level of ferroportin 1(FPN1)in hippocampal neurons was detected by qRT-PCR.The expression of proteins related to the neuronal JAK/STAT3 signaling pathway was detected by Western blot assay.Results Compared with the CON group,the neuronal survival rate,GSH content,GPX4 content and FPN1 mRNA expression level were decreased in the IL-6 model group,and the total iron load,p-JAK and p-STAT3 protein expression levels were increased(P＜0.05).Compared with the IL-6 model group,the neuronal survival rate,GSH content,GPX4 content and FPN1 mRNA expression level were increased in the low-dose and high-dose G-Rg1 groups,and the total iron load,p-JAK and p-STAT3 protein expression levels were decreased(P＜0.05).Changes of the above indicators were more significant in the high-dose G-Rg1 group than those in the low-dose G-Rg1 group(P＜0.05).Conclusion The mechanism of G-Rg1 alleviating ferroptosis of hippocampal neurons in rats may be related to the inhibition of IL-6/JAK/STAT3 signaling pathway,up-regulation of FPN1 expression,and prevention of iron overload.

Purpose: Chronic stress and related hormones are key in cancer progression. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) and its agonists was reported that inducing anti-tumor effect. However, the function of PPARγ in pro-tumorigenic effects induced by chronic stress in breast cancer remains unknown. Herein, we have characterized a novel role of PPARγ and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)/fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF2) signals in breast cancer promoted by chronic stress. Materials and Methods: We performed experiments in vivo and in vitro and used bioinformatics data to evaluate the therapeutic potential of PPARγ in breast cancer promoted by stress. Results: Chronic stress significantly inhibited the PPARγ expression and promoted breast cancer in vivo. VEGF/FGF2-mediated angiogenesis increased in the chronic stress group compared to the control group. PPARγ agonist pioglitazone (PioG) injection offset the pro-tumorigenic effect of chronic stress. Moreover, specific β2-adrenergic receptor (β2R) antagonist ICI11-8551 inhibited the effect of chronic stress. In vitro, norepinephrine (NE) treatment had a similar tendency to chronic stress. The effect of NE was mediated by the β2R/adenylate cyclase signaling pathway and suppressed by PioG. PPARγ suppressed VEGF/FGF2 through reactive oxygen species inhibition. Bioinformatics data confirmed that therewas a lowPPARγ expression in breast invasive carcinoma. Lower PPARγ was associated with a significantly worse survival. Conclusion β2R activation induced by chronic stress and related hormones promotes growth and VEGF/FGF2-mediated angiogenesis of breast cancer by down-regulating PPARγ. Our findings hint that β receptor and PPARγ as two target molecules and the novel role for their agonists or antagonists as clinical medicine in breast cancer therapy

Objective: To compare 5-year disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) rates of laparoscopic radical hysterectomy (LRH) and abdominal radical hysterectomy (ARH) for stage IB1 and tumor size <2 cm with visible or invisible tumors. Methods: We retrospectively compared the oncological outcomes of 1,484 cervical cancer patients with IB1 and tumor size <2 cm on final pathology, who received ARH (n=899) or LRH (n=585) between January 2004 and December 2016. Patients were divided into visible tumor subgroup (ARH: n=668, LRH: n=444) and invisible tumor subgroup (ARH: n=231, LRH:n=141) according to tumor type. Results: LRH and ARH showed similar 5-year DFS and OS rates (93.3% vs. 93.1%, p=0.997;96.2% vs. 97.5%, p=0.351) in total study population. LRH was not associated with worse 5-year DFS rate (hazard ratio [HR]=0.96; 95% confidence interval [CI]=0.58–1.58; p=0.871) or OS rate (HR=1.37; 95% CI=0.65–2.89; p=0.409) by multivariable analysis. In the visible tumor subgroups, LRH and ARH showed similar 5-year DFS and OS rates (91.9% vs. 91.9%, p=0.933; 95.0% vs. 96.9%, p=0.276), and LRH was not associated with worse 5-year DFS or OS rate (p=0.804, p=0.324). In the invisible tumor subgroups, LRH and ARH also showed similar 5-year DFS and OS rates (97.3% vs. 97.1%, p=0.815; 100% vs. 99.5%, p=0.449), and LRH was not associated with worse 5-year DFS rate (p=0.723). Conclusions Among patients with stage IB1 and tumor size <2 cm, whether the tumor is visible or not, the oncological outcomes of LRH and ARH among cervical cancer patients are comparable. This suggests that LRH may be suitable for stage IB1 and tumor size <2 cm with visible or invisible tumors.