AIM: To study the percutaneous absorption of Rg1 in Panax notoginseng and the effects of some commom enhancer and pH value on it. METHODS: Drug permeation tests were performed through excised rat skin in V-C diffusion cell.Rg1 concentration in samples was determined by HPLC. RESULTS: Rg1 could penetrate through excised rat skin with lower permeability coefficient;in the range of concentration 300 mg/mL～60 mg/mL permeability coefficient of Rg1 decreased as its concentration increasd;Among enhancers,10% ethanol,10%,20% and 30% propylene glycol,2% Azone,2% Eucalyptus Oil and 5% Oleic Acid had markedly promotive effect on transdermal penetration of Rg1. CONCLUSION: The research will provide experimental data for skin administration of Chinese medicine containing Panax notoginseng.

This paper described the practice of real-time booking registration, in which the patients may freely choose their visit time points, by such means as the outpatient clinic, website, telephone or short messaging. Such booking registration is an important measure to improve service quality at outpatient clinics; information technology is a prerequisite for real-time booking registration; pooling of outpatient ID number resources is key to setting up the booking registration; the prepaid card deposit practice makes booking registration more efficient; enhanced management for supporting services safeguards booking registration; cooperation with qualified third parties is an effective way to accomplish booking registration in a convenient manner. This paper also probed into other issues in relation to real-time booking registration.

The NOD protein family include NOD1 and NOD2,both of which recognize intracellular bacterial peptidoglycan,induce inflammation and promote host defense.In this review article,we summarize the research progress on NOD family,including signaling and regulation.We will also discuss their cellular localization and the role in host defense.Understanding on their physiological function will help shed light on pathogenesis on related diseases.

Objective To investigate the association adiponectin gene polymorphism with primary macroangiopathy in diabetes mellitus. Methods Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients were included, 56 patients complicated with atherosclerosis (AS) and 120 non-AS group. We evaluated their Gly15Gly polymorphism of adiponectin gene by PCR restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP). Results The AS patients were more likely to have GG genotype than the non-AS patients (25.0% vs 6.2%, P

Objective To investigate the polymorphism of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors-?2(PPAR-?2) and its association with obesity in Chinese population.Methods According to BMI,89 subjects who are in normal body weight range and 116 overweighted and obese subjects were included in this study.Their Pro12Ala mutation in the PPAR-?2 gene was detected by PCR restriction fragment length polymorphism.Results Allele frequency of Ala mutation of PPAR-?2 in overweighted and obese subjects(qA=11.64%) was significantly higher than that of normal body weight group(qA=5.06%,P

Purposes　To observe the clinicopathologic and immunohistochemical features of primary lymphoma of bone(PLB). Methods　Eight cases of PLB were investigated by light microscopy and immunohistochemical staining. Results　The mean age of eight cases of PLB was 51 years. Radiographs of all cases showed the lytic lesions or osteoporosises; All the cases were diffuse non-Hodgkins lymphomas(NHL), including 4 large cell lymphomas (centroblastic, CB), 2 centrocytic(CC), one mixed cell (CB-CC ) and one lymphoplasmacytic (LP); Immunohistochemical features revealed 6 cases of B-cell, 2 T-cell. Conclusions　The peak incidence for PLB is in the 5th decade with the radiologic appearance of lytic lesions or osteoporosises. All tumors are the diffuse NHL, including mainly large cell lymphomas and immunophenotypic features of B-cell lymphomas. Immunohistochemistry is helpful in the differential diagnosis of PLB.

Objective To explore the relationship between collateral circulation and clinical manifestation after se-vere stenosis or occlusion of internal carotid artery. Methods According to the clinical manifestation, 78 cases of ICA ste-nosis or occlusion confirmed by digital subtraction angiography (DSA) were divided into two groups:asymptomatic group (n=31) and symptomatic group (n=47). Collateral circulation pathway in circle of Willis and the mean flow velocity of the middle cerebral arteries (MVMCA) were measured by Transcranial Doppler Ultrasonography (TCD). The correlation of the types of intracranial collateral circulation and clinical manifestation was analyzed. Results ① The collateral circulation opening rate of severe stenosis or occlusion of internal carotid artery in 78 cases of patients was 70.5%(55/78). The collat-eral patency rate (27/31, 87.1% of patients) was higher in asymptomatic group than in the symptomatic group (28/47, 59.6%of patients)(P<0.01).②Collateral patency of anterior communicating artery (ACoA)in asymptomatic group (24/31, 77.4%of patients) was higher than that in symptomatic group (20/47, 42.6%of patients) (P<0.01). Collateral patency of ophthalmic artery (OA) in symptomatic group (21/47, 44.7%of patients) was higher than that in asymptomatic group(6/31, 19.4%of patients)(P<0.05). The opening rate of ACoA was significantly higher than that of either the posterior commu-nicating artery (PCoA) or OA collateral circulation in asymptomatic group (P<0.05).③The mean flow velocity of the af- fected side middle cerebral arteries (MVMCA) in asymptomatic group (51.58±12.36cm/s) was significantly higher than that in symptomatic group (32.23±10.31cm/s) (P<0.01). Conclusion The clinical manifestation is closely related to arterial circle of Willis collateral circulation opening after severe stenosis or occlusion of internal carotid artery and collateral patency of anterior communicating artery is the major collateral supply vessel.

Objective To investigate the effect ofglycesylated hemoglobin(GHbA,c) on tissue-type plasminngen activator (t-PA)and level of serum plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) in patients with early diabetic nephropathy (DN).MethodNinety patients with early DN from April 2004 to May 2005 were divided into 3 groups according to the level of GHbA1c,which was respectively less than 7% (group A),between 7% and 9% (group B),and more than 9% (greup C).Thirty healthy adults were chosen as control group.The levels of serum GHbA1c,t-PA and PAI-1 were detected on empty stomach in the morning.Results The level of serum t-PA was lower,the activity of PAI-1 was higher in groups of DN than those in control group (P＜0.05 or＜0.01),and those were changed with the level of GHbA,c.There were significant differences between group C and group A[t-PA:(0.14± 0.06),(0.28± 0.11) U/ml; PAI-1 (3.25 ±1.01),(1.90q± 1.09) U/ml](P＜0.05).Conclusions The fibrinolytic system exists unbalance in patients with early DN.Continuous hyperglycemia in patients with early DN make unbalanced fibrinolytic system more serious.Controlling the level of GHbA1c strictly can play an important role in delaying DN progress.

Objective To summarize the causes of abdominal pain in the early postoperative period after laparoscopic cholecystectomy(LC), so as to employ preventative measures. Methods The clinical data of 35 patients with early postoperative abdomial pain after LC were analyzed retrospectively and the literature was reviewed . Nine cases underwent reoperation, and conservative treatment was successfully performed in the other 26 cases. Results Traumatic factors were involved in 8 cases, including 6 cases of postoperative biliary fistula , and 2 cases with calculus retained in the trocar hole of the abdominal wall. 27 cases had no traumatic factor and included 2 cases of ascariasis of common bile duct, 5 cases with calculus of common bile duct, 1 case of acute pancreatitis, 17 cases of bile duct dysfunction, 1 case of duodenal ulcer and 1 case of stomach cancer. All were cured. Conclusions The key to decrease complications after LC is a complete examination before LC and pay attention to each aspect of perioperative management.

Objective To evaluate the diagnosis value of urodynamics in patients with benign prostate hypertrophy(BPH).Method With urodynamic device,the full set of urodynamic exam was administrated in 427 patients with BPH,and the externalsphincter urethral myogram was monitored simultaneously in pressure-flow studies(PFS).The umdynamic finding such as Q_(max),P_(det)-Q_(max),DS(descending slope)and post-voiding residual(PVR)were recorded,as well as the situation of bladder detrusor constraction and bladder compliance and urethral sphincter coodination.The bladder outflow obstruction was diagnosed by A-G nomogram,P-Q plot and DS.The IPSS score and prostate volume were also acquired.Results The diagnostic rate of BOO is 81.5%,among them concomitantly detrusor muscle impair in 117 cases (27.4%),decreased bladder compliance in 162 case(37.9%),urethral sphincter dyssynergia in 148 cases(34.7%),and unstable bladder in 164 cases(38.4%).The increase degree of BOO show an increasing tendency with urodynamic finding such as Q_(max),P_(det)-Q_(max),P_(open),DS,IPSS score and prostatic volume respectively,but a decreasing tendency with Q_(max) and bladder compliance.Conclusions The urodynamic exam plays an important role in diagnosis of BOO.There is a positive relation among degree of BOO with urodynamic findings such as P_(det)-Q_(max),P_(open),DS and IPSS score and prostatic volume,however,a negative relation with Qmax and bladder compliance respectively.