Renal interstitial fibrosis closely correlates with deteriotation of renal function.The experiments on animal models are necessary for studying renal interstitial fibrosis.Researchers should find right animal models according to different objectives.Research advancement of widely-used eight animal models of renal interstitial fibrosis,such as unilateral ureteral obstruction,cyclosporine A nephropathy and chronic aristolochic acid nephropathy,are reviewed in this paper.

BACKGROUND: Animal models of peripheral partial epiphyseal plate closure are commonly used in related trials.OBJECTIVE: To modify the original animal models of distal femoral partial epiphyseal plate closure.DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING: A self-controlled trial was performed at the Experimental Animal Center of General Hospital of Chinese PLA from March to October 2007.MATERIALS: Twenty healthy New Zealand rabbits of 4-6 weeks old weighing 1.0-1.5 kg were selected.METHODS: A straight incision about 2 cm was made in lateral knee of 20 rabbits. The subcutaneous tissues and knee capsule were cut open to expose distal femoral condyle. The condylar plate line was clear. Two holes were drilled in the fight lateral condyle, about 3.0-4.0 mm deep, and partial normal epiphyseal plate (about 33%-44% of the total growth plate) was removed. An incision deep to periosteum was created in the left side and regarded as self-control.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Femoral length, valgus angle of the distal femur, and femoral deformity were detected by X-ray photograph, and gross observation. Bone bridge formation of bilateral femora was observed by histological examination.RESULTS: One rabbit died of diarrhea 31 days after surgery, and 19 were included in final analysis. ①Radiographs showed that the mean length of left femur (control side) was significantly longer but valgus angle was significantly smaller than the right side (experimental side) 4 months after surgery (P ＜ 0.01). The left distal femur averagely grew for 2.27 cm,accounted for 57.6% of the overall femoral growth, and the right side averagely grew for 0.45 cm, accounted for 21.4% of the overall femoral growth.②Four months after surgery, femoral appearance of the control side was normal, with smooth and complete condylar and facies articularis patellae. While, the experimental side femur was significantly shortened, and severe vaigus deformity was observed in the distal femur. ③Five weeks after surgery, layer cells of the epiphyseal plate arranged regularly in the control side. Bone trabecula with many fibers was found in bone defect cavity of the experimental side, and the cell layer of the remnant epiphyseal plate was decreased. The epiphyseal plate was closed in the control side,and bone trabecula of the experimental side was thickened 10 weeks postoperatively.CONCLUSION: This modeling method is simple, efficient, and easy to manipulate; in addition, the bone bridge area is controllable. The models can meet the study demands for peripheral partial epiphyseal plate closure, and are significant for filling material selection during treatment.

Objective To study the blood pressure control and its influencing factors in community standardized management of hypertension patients,to provide basis for clinical diagnosis and treatment.Methods 120 hypertension patients with community standardized management were selected as study group,another 120 hypertension patients were selected as control group.The blood pressure control was compared between the two groups,and the influencing factors were analyzed.Results The systolic and diastolic blood pressur before treatment between the two groups had no statistically significant differences (all P >0.05).The systolic blood pressure,diastolic blood pressure after admin-istration of the study group were (129.4 ±3.2)mmHg,(87.5 ±2.8)mmgHg,which in the control group were (138.3 ±10.1 )mmHg,(95.7 ±4.3 )mmHg,the differences were statistically significant compared with before treatment (t =9.478,9.074,8.278,8.687,all P <0.05),the differences between the two groups were statistically significant (t =7.654,7.061,all P <0.05).Logistic regression analysis showed that age,body mass index,obesity, smoking,blood pressure level,taste and triglyceride were the influencing factors of blood pressure control (OR =20.564,0.995,0.746,1.092,0.749,1.153,0.854,all P <0.05).Conclusion Community standardized management can enhance the effect of blood pressure control,age,body mass index,obesity,blood pressure level,smoking and so on are the influencing factors.

OBJECTIVE: To establish HPLC fingerprint of flavonoids from Bauhinia blakeana and to provide reference for harvest, application and quality evaluation of B. blakeana. METHODS: RP-HPLC method was used to determine the content of flavonoids from 10 batches of B. blakeana from different habitats and in different harvest periods with rutin and quercetin as control. The similarity was calculated using TCM fingerprint similarity evaluation system. The separation was performed on Hypersil ODS C18(250 mm?4.6 mm,5 ?m) column with mobile phase consisted of methanol-0.4% phosphoric acid solution (gradient elution) at flow rate of 0.7 mL?min-1 lasting for 40 min. The UV detection wavelength was set at 360 nm and column temperature was at 25℃. RESULTS: The results showed that 14 peaks were common. The similarity index of 10 batches B. blakeana samples were between 0.88 and 0.94. The results indicated chemical components were similar but content of the compounds was different. CONCLUSION: Established HPLC fingerprint of B. blakeana is stable, reliable and reproducible, which is valuable for harvest, application and quality evaluation of B. blakeana.

Objective:To detect and compare the intensity of gingipain K(Kgp)in culture medium and cell extract of Porphyromonas gingivalis(P.gingivalis)isolates in puberty gingivitis,and then to reveal the possible relationship between Kgp and puberty gingivitis.Methods:36 patients with puberty gingivitis aged from 14 to 17 years were enrolled.Clinical parameters including GI,SBI and PD were evaluated before subgingival plaque samples collection.Subgingival plaque samples were collected and then P.gingivalis isolates were obtained.16S rRNA PCR was used to confirm the presence of P.gingivalis in clinical isolates.Bacteria were cultured in BHI agar base and harvested at the end of log-phase growth.Culture fractions of P.gingivalis(culture medium and cell extracts)were performed with SDS-PAGE and Western blot technique using primary antibody against specific anti-Kgp N-terminal IgG subdomain.The data were statistically analyzed using SPSS 11.5 software.The relationship between the Kgp intensity and the clinical parameters was statistically analyzed using sum rank test.Results:There was positive correlation between the intensity of Kgp N-terminal IgG subdomain and the clinical parameters(P

Objective To investigate the relation between the expression of HSP70 and p57kip2 in C, CT and Enneking surgical classifi-cation by detecting expression of HSP70 and p57kip2. Methods 30 cases of GCT were collected, including surgical operation specimens and 13 cases of osteochondroma were taken as control group. The expression of HSP70 and p57kip2 were detected, and the relation between the ex-pression of HSP70 and p57kip2 and Enneking surgical classification and prognosis of GCT were analyzed. Results With the increase of tumor Enneking surgical grades, the positive rate of HSP70 was increased and the negative rate of p57kip2 was decreased. Expression rates of HSP70 were 22. 2%, 88.9% ,100% in grades of 1～3 and expression rates of p57kip2 were 88. 9%, 88.9%, 33.3% in grades of 1～3. There was a negative correlation between HSPTo and p.57kip2 expression. Conclusions HSP70 and p57kip2 may play a role in the genesis, and develop-ment of giant cell tumor of bone, and it can be helpful for surgical classification and prognesis of GCT.

Objective To summarize the clinical features of chronic ruptured patellar tendon, and introduce the augmentation technique of repair of chronic ruptured patellar tendon with high strength polyester sutures and postoperative rehabilitation.Methods Six cases of chronic patellar tendon rupture were treated and reinforced with high strength polyester sutures from 2002 to 2007.Patellar tendon ruptures was primary end Ho -end repaired, and reinforced with 4 polyester sutures that were passed through in-traosseous tunnels within the patella and tibial tubercle.The surgery reestablished knee extensor continuity and restored the length of patellar tendon.Augmentation techniques were reliable, and allowed patients to walk and bend the knee, regain adequate quadriceps strength early.Postoperative rehabilitation: on the 1st day after surgery, walking upright and passive flexion of 90° was allowed, and brace protection was unnecessary; 3 weeks later, straight leg raise; 6 weeks later, brisk walking; 12 weeks later, squatting and climbing stairs; 6 months later, sports was allowed, including the jump and kick.Results All patients were followed up from 1 to 5 years.No patient sustained a re-rupture.All patients satisfied with their result.The Lysholm score were 100.Kach knee had restored full range of motion 6 months later, and regained adequate quadriceps strength.Conclusion Augmentation techniques with high strength polyester sutures is reliable and demonstrate good intermediate to long-term results.It can avoid re-operation for removal of the cerclage wire, allow patients to walk and bend the knee, regain adequate quadriceps strength early.

Objective To study the difference of transverse incision and longitudinal incision for B-T-B graft harvesting in reconstruction of anterior cruciate ligament.Methods Sixty four cases of reconstruction of anterior cruciate ligament from January 2004 to December 2004 were observed.Transverse incisions were used in 32 cases,and longitudinal incision were chosen in the other 32.The operation time,the length of incision,the thickness of scar,the injury of saphenous nerve and the joint function of knee were compared.Results All patients were followed up more than 1 year.The average duration of surgical procedure with longitudinal incision was 11 minutes shorter than that with transverse incision.The scar of transverse incision is smaller and thinner than that of longitudinal incision.The injury of saphenous nerve and knee joint function of knee revealed no notable difference in the 2 groups.Conclusions Transverse incision for B-T-B graft harvesting in reconstruction of anterior cruciate ligament is a better choice.

Objective To introduce Torg's modified Bristow procedure for recurrent anterior dislocation of the shoulder joint,and to evaluate it's clinical result.Methods 25 shoulders with recurrent anterior dislocation were treated with Torg's modified Bristow procedure from January 2002 to December 2006.Based on history,physical examination and X-ray examination,all the diagnosis were confirmed.The follow-up period ranged from 1 to 5 years,with an average of 3.1 years.Results All the cases had Hillsachs lesions and Bankart lesions.After 2 years,only one shoulder had redislocated and 96% of patients were satisfied with the operative repair.The Rowe standard rating scale:excellent 72%;good 24%;fair 4%;poor 0%.Conclusion Torg's modified Bristow procedure provided a good functional result in patients with recurrent shoulder dislocations.

Teamwork impacts the effectiveness of care, patient safety and clinical outcomes, and team training has been identified as a strategy for enhancing teamwork, reducing medical errors and building a culture of safety in healthcare. The paper reviewed the concept, construct, training model, measures and implementation in healthcare of team strategies and tools to enhance performance and patient safety (TeamSTEPPS) which was the most widely applied team training strategy, in order to provide reference for the healthcare in China.