0.05).The mean hospital stay of PCN group was significantly shorter than that of conservative treatment group(4.5 days and 16.5 days respectively(P

Objective To explore the effects of mild hypothermia (MH) on the nitric oxide (NO) and water content of brain tissues (WBT) in rats with traumatic brain edema (TBE). Methods Fifty-four Wistar rats were divided into a control group (group C), a normithermal traumatic group (NT group) and a mild hypothermia traumatic group (MHT group). The NT and MHT groups were then divided into 4 subgroups for study at 30 min, 2 h, 4 h and 8 h post-trauma. TBE models were established according to Yuan Shaoji′s method. The concentration of NO in the jugular vein was measured using chemical luminescence, and water in the brain tissues was calculated with Elliot′s formula. Results Compared with those in the group C, the concentrations of WBT and NO were significantly increased 30 min post-trauma in the NT group, and reached a peak 8h after trauma. These levels were markedly decreased in the MHT group in comparison with the NT group. Conclusions NO levels might play an important role in the development of TBE, and change synchronously with WBT. TBE could be mitigated by MH, which might promote early rehabilitation of TBE by reducing NO.

OBJECTIVETo explore the role of S100A4 in the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma and its possible molecular mechanism.

METHODSThree chemically synthesized S100A4 siRNA sequences were transiently transfected into esophageal carcinoma EC9706 cells. EC9706 cells transfected with negative siRNA, lipofectamine 2000, and vacant EC9706 cells were used as control. Fluorescence quantitative RT-PCR and Western blot were used to detect the inhibition rate of S100A4 siRNA. S100A4 siRNA2 with the best inhibition rate was chosen to transiently transfect into EC9706 cells under the same conditions. The EC9706 cells transfected with negative siRNA, lipofectamine 2000 and vacant EC9706 cells were also used as control. Fluorescence quantitative RT-PCR and Western blot were used to detect the mRNA and protein expressions of E-cadherin, vimentin and snail. The morphology of EC9706 cells was observed under an inverted microscope. Boyden chamber and scratch test were used to detect the invasion and migration ability of EC9706 cells, and CCK8 assay was used to detect the proliferation ability of EC9706 cells. EC9706 cells transfected with S100A4 siRNA2 were further transfected with snail eukaryotic expression vector. The EC9706 cells transfected with S100A4 siRNA, EC9706 cells transfected with snail eukaryotic expression vector and vacant EC9706 cells were used as control. The above indexes of all the groups were observed, too.

RESULTSThe S100A4 mRNA and protein expression levels of the S100A4 siRNA2 group were 0.417 ± 0.041 and 0.337 ± 0.039, the transmembrane cell number was 61.608 ± 8.937, the scratch healing distance was (0.216 ± 0.064) mm, the A value was 0.623 ± 0.084, the E-cadherin mRNA and protein levels were 0.619 ± 0.032 and 0.495 ± 0.034, the vimentin mRNA and protein levels were 0.514 ± 0.032 and 0.427 ± 0.028, the snail mRNA and protein levels were 0.573 ± 0.029 and 0.429 ± 0.041. These data were significantly different with the liposome group, the negative control group and the blank group (P < 0.05 for all). After the S100A4 siRNA2 treatment for 24 h, the appearance of EC9706 cells changed to epithelial cell morphology. The transmembrane cell number and the scratch healing distance of the S100A4 siRNA2+snail eukaryotic expression vector group were (69.382 ± 9.666) cells and (0.274 ± 0.029) mm, the A value was 0.823 ± 0.101, the snail mRNA and protein levels were 0.704 ± 0.037 and 0.625 ± 0.031, the vimentin mRNA and protein levels were 0.712 ± 0.046 and 0.609 ± 0.038, and these data were significantly higher than those of the Sl00A4 siRNA2 group (P < 0.05 for all). The E-cadherin mRNA and protein levels of the S100A4 siRNA2+eukaryotic expression vector group were 0.437 ± 0.038 and 0.381 ± 0.031, significantly lower than those of the S100A4 siRNA2 group (P < 0.05 for all). However, snail had no effect on the morphology of EC9706 cells.

CONCLUSIONSS100A4 may be involved in the EMT process of esophageal squamous-cell carcinoma by regulating the expression of snail and then plays a role in the invasion and metastasis of esophageal carcinoma.

Cadherins ; analysis ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; metabolism ; pathology ; physiopathology ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Epithelial Cells ; Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition ; Esophageal Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; physiopathology ; Humans ; Indicators and Reagents ; Lipids ; RNA, Messenger ; analysis ; RNA, Small Interfering ; analysis ; physiology ; S100 Calcium-Binding Protein A4 ; S100 Proteins ; antagonists & inhibitors ; genetics ; physiology ; Snail Family Transcription Factors ; Transcription Factors ; analysis ; genetics ; Transfection ; Vimentin ; analysis ; genetics

Purpose To investigate the protein expression of breast cancer susceptibility gene (BRCA1) in triple negative breast canc-er ( TNBC) and to analyze the prognostic impact on outcome of TNBC by BRCA1 protein. Methods The expression of BRCA1 and p53 in 95 cases TNBCs was detected by immunohistochemistry. The correlation analysis and evaluation of prognosis were conducted in consideration of patients clinical and pathological characteristics. Results The positive rate of BRCA1 protein expression in TNBCs was 31. 6%. Compared with BRCA1 negative expression, those patients with BRCA1 positive expression were associated with younger age (P=0. 047) and higher expression of p53 (P=0. 001). There was no significant difference in outcome between BRCA1 positive and negative expression (HR=1. 10,95%CI=0. 552~2. 235, P=0. 769). Conclusion The expression of BRCA1 protein may have no impact on the outcome of TNBC. There is possible correlationship between p53 pathway and BRCA1 in inhibiting tumor growth.

Objective To understand the status quo of the prevention and treatment of hepatitis B in rural area ,to analyze the shortages in prevention and treatment strategy ,to explore the corresponding prevention countermeasures and to provide the scientif‐ic basis .Methods The inhabitants were randomly sampled from 6 natural villages in the rural area of Zhangjiakou as the research subjects .The venous blood HBsAg and HBsAb were detected .The respondents were divided into 2 groups according to the distance of residence place from cities and towns .The distribution differences of HBsAg and HBsAb were compared among different age groups for analyzing the influence of age and public health conditions on the HBV control effects .Results The HBsAg positive rate averaged 5 .92% and the HbsAb positive rate averaged 33 .73% ,with the age increase ,the HBsAg positive rate showed the increas‐ing trend and the anti‐HBsAb showed the decreasing trend ;the anti‐HBsAb positive rate in the inhabitants aged under 15 years near town was higher than those far from town .Conclusion It is needed to increase the input and support intensity to the rural areas in the aspects of finance and manpower ,improve the public health conditions of the rural area with the planned immunity as the main thing ,enlarge the hepatitis B vaccine inoculation range ,strengthen the publicity of HBV harm ,prevention and treatment knowledge , increase the neonatal hepatitis B vaccine inoculation rate and the 24 h timely inoculation rate of hepatitis B vaccine ,accomplish the immune blocking in pregnant women with HBsAg positive ,and preventing the HBV communication during feeding process in in‐fants .

Objective To investigate whether I198T gene polymorphisms and Lp-PLA2 activity were the risk factors of CAD.Methods A case-control study was conducted in 398 people with coronary heart disease and 396 controls whose ages and sex were matched with coronary heart disease from Peking University People's Hospital in October 2009 to May 2010.The Il98T gene polymorphisms were detected by the amplification refractory mutation system (ARMS-PCR) using TaqMan probe.Lp-PLA2 activity,CHO,GLU,TG,HDL,LDL,hs-CRP,Lp (a) were investigated at the same time.The data were analyzed by Independent-samples T Test,Chi-square test,One-Way ANOVA,Binary Logistic Regression.Results LpPLA2 activity was significant higer in CAD group than that in the control group (31.51 nmol · ml-1 · min-1＞21.31 nmol · ml-1 · min-1,F =16.40,P ＜0.05).Adjustment for various traditional cardiovascular risk factors,including ages,sex,CHO,TG,Hs-CRP,Lp(a),and GLU,quartiles of Lp-PLA2 activity were associated with risk of CVD with a OR of 7.5 (95％ CI:2.34-24.05) for comparison of the top to bottom quartile.Lp-PLA2 activity was the highest (22.68 nmol · ml-1 · min-1,P ＜ 0.05) in genotype Ⅱ and the lowest (11.35 nmol · ml-1 · min-1,P ＜ 0.05) in genotype TT,the association between I198T and coronary artery disease was not significant (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusions Lp-PLA2 activity was significantly higher in CAD group and was a risk factor for CAD.There was no significant association between I198T polymorphism and CAD.

Aiming at the characteristics of biochemistry and the advantages of web-based courses and combining with teaching practice,a kind of web-based courses has been constructed which practices in the internet.The key of construction will be detailed from general design,page design and some design skills.

Objective To investigate the effect of ghrelin on PAI-1 secretion in HepG2 cells induced by TNF-αand the effect of p-38 MAPK.Methods HepG2 cells were cultured.The concentration of TNF-α used to treat the HepG2 cells wag selected.The effect of ghrelin on PAI-1 secretion induced by TNF-α was detected by ELISA,the p-38 MAPK expression was investigated by Western blot.Results The concentration of PAI-1 was increased when cells were exposed to different concentration of TNF-α.The p-p38 MAPK expression was increased when the cells were exposed to TNF-α,ghrelin could inhibit the increase of PAI-1 secretioN induced by TNF-α.The expression of p-p38 MAPK was decreased when the cells were pretreated with ghrelin.Conclusion PAI-1 secretion were increased after TNF-α in-creasing.Ghrelin could inhibit PAI-1 secretion via p38 MAPK.

OBJECTIVE:To study the effects of Xiaoruzeng capsule on the gastric acid and pepsin in rats. METHODS:Rats were randomized into a blank group (distilled water),a positive control group (3.6 mg/kg omeprazole ) and the groups of low, middle and high doses of Xiaoruzeng capsule [2.25,4.5,9.1 g(crude drug)/kg]. These groups were respectively marked as groups A,B,C,D and E,with 10 rats in each group. All the rats were given corresponding drugs,ig,for consecutive 10 d. Their suc-cus gastricus was collected 3 h after the last administration,and determined for pH value with precision pH test strip and for free acidity and total acidity by acid-base neutralization titration method. The content and activity of pepsin were determined and calculat-ed with the test kit and microplate reader. The pathological change of the stomach was observed under the electron microscope. RE-SULTS:Compared with group A,groups B,C and D had higher pH value of succus gastricus;groups C,D and E had lower free acidity;groups B,C and D had lower total acidity,group E had higher total acidity;groups B,D and E had lower activity of pep-sin;and group C had higher content of pepsin. Compared with group B,group D had lower pH value of succus gastricus;group C had lower total acidity;group E had higher acidity;and groups C,D and E had higher activity of pepsin. There was statistical sig-nificance(P<0.01 or P<0.05). Gastric mucosal erosive haemorrhage was noted in three rats in group E,and other groups demon-strated no obvious pathological change. CONCLUSIONS:Low dose of Xiaoruzeng capsule can slightly inhibit the gastric acid in rats,but will not effect the activity of pepsin.

AIM: To study the role of scavenger receptor A(SR A) in the uptake of oxidized low density lipoprotein(OxLDL) in mouse peritoneal macrophages(MPM). METHODS: Comparing the difference of the uptake of OxLDL in SR A-deficient and wild-type MPM. RESULTS: The results showed that the binding of OxLDL wasn't apparently reduced in SR A-deficient MPM. The association of OxLDL was reduced by 35.8% and degradation of OxLDL was reduced by 42% in SR A-deficient MPM compared with those in wild-type MPM. CONCLUSION: Studies showed that SR A didn't play an important role in the uptake of OxLDL in MPM. Approximately 70% of the uptake of OxLDL in macrophages is attributable to non-SR A receptor.