Objective To research the consonant pronunciation of patients with spastic dysarthria as a result of cerebral palsy and supply a theoretical basis for their rehabilitation.Methods Twenty-eight cerebral palsy patients with spastic dysarthria were examined using a dysarthria examination scale developed by the China Rehabilitation Research Center.The whole process of the tests was recorded using Cool Edit recording software.Praat4 was used to evaluate their pronunciation according to the pronunciation criteria of “experimental phonology”.Their error rates on 21 consonants were counted and the characteristics of the articulation errors were summarized.Results According to the location of articulation,the inaccuracy rates on labials,dentals,apicals,blade-palatals,palatals and velars in the 28 patients were 21％,71％,53％,71％,54％ and 36％ respectively.Conclusions Patients with spastic dysarthria as a result of cerebral palsy have the most difficulty pronouncing dentals and blade-palatal consonants.They find labial consonants the easiest.

OBJECTIVE: To establish HPLC fingerprint of flavonoids from Bauhinia blakeana and to provide reference for harvest, application and quality evaluation of B. blakeana. METHODS: RP-HPLC method was used to determine the content of flavonoids from 10 batches of B. blakeana from different habitats and in different harvest periods with rutin and quercetin as control. The similarity was calculated using TCM fingerprint similarity evaluation system. The separation was performed on Hypersil ODS C18(250 mm?4.6 mm,5 ?m) column with mobile phase consisted of methanol-0.4% phosphoric acid solution (gradient elution) at flow rate of 0.7 mL?min-1 lasting for 40 min. The UV detection wavelength was set at 360 nm and column temperature was at 25℃. RESULTS: The results showed that 14 peaks were common. The similarity index of 10 batches B. blakeana samples were between 0.88 and 0.94. The results indicated chemical components were similar but content of the compounds was different. CONCLUSION: Established HPLC fingerprint of B. blakeana is stable, reliable and reproducible, which is valuable for harvest, application and quality evaluation of B. blakeana.

Objective To evaluate the clinical effects of total parenteral nutrition in the treatment of severe neonates.Methods 45 severe neonates were treated with their essential while injected nutritious liquid.At the same time some concemed targets were tested.Results 2 cases died in 45 neonates,server infections and sudden stop of heartthrob and breath being the causes of death,and the others achieyed satisfactory result.The average body mass increased by 15/30g/d during parenteral nutrition.Conclusion Total parenteral nutrition was clinically significant for increasing the body weight of severe neonates,and it was safe,effective and supportive.

BACKGROUND: Hypogonadism happens gradually with body aging. Traditional Chinese medicine views that deficiency of essential qi is the chief reason for body aging. OBJECTIVE: To observe the influence of tiannianyin, the Chinese herb , on serum testosterone, superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity in testicular tissue and expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen of spermatogenic cells in testes in subacute senile rats induced by D-galactose. DESIGN: Randomized controlled experiment. SETTING: Basic Medicine Institute of Chengde Medical College. MATERIALS: The experiment was perlormed in Basic Medicine Institute of Chengde Medical College from April to July 2003, in which, 40 adult male SD rats were employed and randomized into 4 groups, 10 rats in each .In normal group, no any management was done. In model group, medication group and negative control, D-galactosie was used for abdominal injection continuously at 200 mg (kg·d), once a day, totally for 40 days to prepare the model of subacute senile animal. In model group, no any management was done after modeling success. In medication group, gastric infusion with tiannianyin. Tiannianyin was administrated everyday after modeling success, once a day, totally for 30 days. In negative control, gastric infusion with physiological saline of same dosage was administrated after modeling success for same days. METHODS: Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used for determination of serum testosterone content, xanthine oxidase assay was used for determination of SOD activity in testicular tissue and immunohistochemical method was used to observe expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen in rats of every group. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: ① serum testosterone content; ② SOD activity in testicular tissue; ③ expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen of spermatogenic cells. RESULTS: Forty rats all entered result analysis. ① Serum testosterone content: That in model group was lower than normal group(P ＜ 0.05), and that in medication group was higher than model group(P ＜ 0.05). ② SOD activity in testicular tissue: That in model group was lower remarkably than normal group(P ＜ 0.01), and that in medication group was higher remarkably than model group(P ＜ 0.01). ③ Expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen of spermatogenic cells: That in model group was lower than normal group(P ＜ 0.05), and that in medication group was higher remarkably than model group(P ＜ 0.05). CONCLUSION: Tiannianyin delays degeneration of reproductive function and aging of certain degree.

BACKGROUND: In follow of the gradual decrease of senile gonad function in the body, traditional Chinese medicine views that deficiency of essential qi is the chief reason of body senility. OBJECTIVE: To observe the effects of tian nian yin on serum testosterone content, superoxide dismutase activity in testicular tissue and apoptosis of testicular seminiferous cell in subacute senile rats. DESIGN: Randomized controlled experiment. SETTING: Human Anatomy Department of Chengde Medical College. MATERIALS: The experiment was performed in Institute of Basic Medicine of Chengde Medical College from April to July 2003, in which,40 SD male rats were employed and randomized into 4 groups, 10 rats in each group. In model group, medicinal group and the control, D-galactose was injected 200 mg/(kg·d) to prepare subacute senile animal model, once a day, continuously for 40 days. No any management was given in model group after modeling success. In medicinal group, gastric infusion with tian nian yin [composed of zhi heshouwu (Radix Polygoni Mutiflori Preparatea),huainiuxi (Radix Achyranthis Bidentatae), roucongrong (Herba Cistanchis),fuling (Poria), danshen (Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae) and yinyanghuo (Herba Epimedii), it was decocted till 1.5 g/mL with raw herbs contained] was administrated once a day, totally for 30 days after modeling success. In the control, gastric infusion was administrated with physiological saline of same usage as the medicinal group after modeling success. INTERVENTIONS: In every group, enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to determine testosterone content in serum. Xanthine oxidase assay (XOD) was used to determine superoxide dismutase activity in testicular tissue and immunohistochemical method (IHC) was used to observe apoptosis of testicular seminiferous cell. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: ① Testosterone content in serum. ②Superoxide dismutase activity in testicular tissue. ③ Apoptosis of testicular seminiferous cell RESULTS: Forty rats all entered result analysis. ① Testosterone content in serum: Testosterone content in model group was lower than normal group [(0.52±0.15) μg/L, (1.26 0.32) μg/L, (t=3.004, P ＜ 0.05)], and that in medicinal group was higher than model group [(1.16±0.32) μg/L,(0.52 0.15) μg/L, (t=2.321, P ＜ 0.05)]. ② Superoxide dismutase activity in testicular tissue: Superoxide dismutase activity in model group was lower remarkably than the normal group [(107.22±9.33) kNU/g, (147.73±11.90) kNU/g,(t=13.339, P ＜ 0.01)], and that in medicinal group was higher remarkably than model group [(141.05±14.57) kNU/g, (107.22±9.33) kNU/g, (t=9.970,P ＜ 0.01)]. ③ Apoptosis of testicular seminiferous cell: Percentage of apoptotic seniniferous tubule and apoptotic rate of positive cell in model group were higher remarkably thannormal group respectively [(53.95 ±2.02)％compared with (34.21±2.10)％, (8.67±0.80)％ compared with (3.86±0.52)％,(x2=7.9, P ＜ 0.01, x2=5.01, P ＜ 0.05)], and those in medicinal group were lower remarkably than model group[(35.33±2.18)％ compared with (53.95±2.02)％, (4.68±0.74)％ compared with (8.67±0.80)％, (x2=7.02, P ＜ 0.01, x2=3.96, P ＜ 0.05)]. CONCLUSION: The apoptosis of testicular seminiferous cell was increased in senile modelgroup. Tian nian yin in gastric infusion decreased apoptotic rate of positive cell. It is explained that tian nian yin eliminates surplus oxygenic free radical, decreases apoptosis and improves seminiferous function in animal model.

Objective: To explore the validity of Binomial Forced-Cho ic e Digit Recognition Test (BFDRT) in detecting dissimulation of intellectual defi cit Method: 57 subjects with history of head injury in traffic and diagnosed as malingering in forensic assessment received BFDRT before the fo rensic assessment 66 subjects with similar head injury of other reasons were c o llected as control Discrimination analysis was done to determine the role of B F DRT in identifying malingering Result: The results of BFDRT sh o wed that there were significant differences of the two dimension scores, total s core and quotient of response bias between the two groups The accuracy of disc r imination was 92 7%-100%, with the rate of false positive 0-3%, the rate of fal se negative 1 8-14%, when the cut-off point was 11 on easy items, 7 on difficul t items and 18 on total score The total score had the highest accuracy in discr i mination Conclusion: BFDRT is useful in identifying dissimulat ion of intelligent deficit in asking compensation after traffic accident

Objective To introduce Torg's modified Bristow procedure for recurrent anterior dislocation of the shoulder joint,and to evaluate it's clinical result.Methods 25 shoulders with recurrent anterior dislocation were treated with Torg's modified Bristow procedure from January 2002 to December 2006.Based on history,physical examination and X-ray examination,all the diagnosis were confirmed.The follow-up period ranged from 1 to 5 years,with an average of 3.1 years.Results All the cases had Hillsachs lesions and Bankart lesions.After 2 years,only one shoulder had redislocated and 96% of patients were satisfied with the operative repair.The Rowe standard rating scale:excellent 72%;good 24%;fair 4%;poor 0%.Conclusion Torg's modified Bristow procedure provided a good functional result in patients with recurrent shoulder dislocations.

Objective To observe the role of calcitonin (CT) during the implantation. Methods Human endometrial epithelial cells were cultured. After stimulated with various concentrations of CT, intracellular calcium(Ca 2+)in the epithelial and stroma cells and pre-embryos were measured by the laser scanning confocal microscope. Resutls When stimulated with different concentrations of CT, mean fluorescence levels in the epithelial cells were similar to that of the control. However CT can improve intracellar Ca 2+ of preimplantation embryos and stroma cells in a dose-dependent manner and significantly higher than those of controls. When 10 nmol/L CT was added to the culture medium, the intracellular Ca 2+ concentration in 8-cell embryos rose immediately. Embryo exposure to CT was followed by a series of Ca 2+ bursts that persisted for at least 2 hours. No change in Ca 2+ was observed when culture medium alone was added to the embryos. Pre-loading embryos and stoma cells with the Ca 2+ chelator,prevented the increased fluorescence after CT addition. Conclusions CT play an important role during the procesess of implantation. It maybe improve intracellar of preembryos and accerate the development of preembryos.

Objective:To detect and compare the intensity of gingipain K(Kgp)in culture medium and cell extract of Porphyromonas gingivalis(P.gingivalis)isolates in puberty gingivitis,and then to reveal the possible relationship between Kgp and puberty gingivitis.Methods:36 patients with puberty gingivitis aged from 14 to 17 years were enrolled.Clinical parameters including GI,SBI and PD were evaluated before subgingival plaque samples collection.Subgingival plaque samples were collected and then P.gingivalis isolates were obtained.16S rRNA PCR was used to confirm the presence of P.gingivalis in clinical isolates.Bacteria were cultured in BHI agar base and harvested at the end of log-phase growth.Culture fractions of P.gingivalis(culture medium and cell extracts)were performed with SDS-PAGE and Western blot technique using primary antibody against specific anti-Kgp N-terminal IgG subdomain.The data were statistically analyzed using SPSS 11.5 software.The relationship between the Kgp intensity and the clinical parameters was statistically analyzed using sum rank test.Results:There was positive correlation between the intensity of Kgp N-terminal IgG subdomain and the clinical parameters(P