Objective To analyze corpus uteri epidemiology in selected cancer registering areas of China during 2003-2007,and to provide scientific information for its prevention and control in China.Methods The incident and mortality data of corpus uteri cancer in 32 cancer registering areas of China with better quality during 2003-2007,which were selected according to the criteria of and provided by National Center for Cancer Registration,were analyzed.Results There were 8850 new cases and 1559 death cases of corpus uteri cancer,which accounted for 2.96％ ( 8 850/299 306 ) of all female new cancer cases and 0.94％ ( 1 559/166 305) of all female cancer death cases,respectively.Corpus uteri cancer was the 9th most common cancer for all new female cancer cases which world age adjusted incidence rates was 5.04/105,and 19th most common cancer for all female cancer death cases which world age adjusted mortality rate was 0.83/105 in 32 selected cancer registering areas of China during 2003-2007.Zhongshan city,Guangzhou city in Guangdong province and Beijing were the areas with the highest incidence rates in which were 14.51/105,8.51/105 and 6.69/105,respectively.Zhongshan city in Guangdong province,Dafeng city in Jiangsu province and Feicheng city in Shandong province were the areas with the highest mortality rates,in which were 4.03/105,3.19/10s and 1.65/105 respectively during 2003-2007.There were increasing trends for its incidence rates in above 32 areas during 2003-2007,its world age adjusted incidence rates increased from 3.94/105 in 2003 to 5.56/105 in 2007 ( P =0.026 ),while its urban world age adjusted incidence rates increased from 4.57/105 in 2003 to 6.18/105 in 2007 (P =0.038),and rural rates increased from 1.74/105 in 2003 to 3.01/105 in 2007 ( P =0.013 ),and the results showed that urban areas obviously higher than rural areas ( P ＜ 0.01 ).Although there was a slow increasing trend for its world age adjusted mortality rates in above 32 areas during 2003-2007 which increased from 0.64/105 in 2003 to 0.87/105 in 2007 ( P =0.214 ),and from 0.66/105 in 2003 to 0.88/105 in 2007 in urban areas ( P =0.340 ),and from 0.57/105 in 2003 to 0.83/105 in 2007 in rural areas( P =0.070),while increasing trends without statistical significance.But mortality rates in urban areas were obviously higher than those of rural areas (P ＜0.01 ).Conclusions Although the world standardized incidence and mortality rates of corpus uteri cancer were at low level worldwide,there were increasing trends for its incidence rates during 2003-2007 in the 32 selected cancer registering areas of China.Moreover,its incidence and mortality rates were at high level worldwide in some areas such as Zhongshan city of Guangdong province and Dafeng city of Jiangsu province during the period,in which suggested that its prevention and control should be enhanced.

Objective To investigate the size and diversification of peripheral nerve measured by high frequency ultrasound in di-abetic peripheral neuropathy patient .Methods The endings of the medial branch of deep peripheral nerves(DPN) were interrogated by high frequency ultrasound and nerve electrophysiology ,and the nerve conduction characters were studied in a cohort of 150 clini-cally diagnosed diabetic peripheral neuropathy patients and a control group of 100 healthy volunteers .At the sametime these cases underwent electrophysiological examination .Results Distinct echoic appearances were consistently detected between the DPN nerves of diabetic peripheral neuropathy patients and healthy volunteers .The sensitivity rate of high frequency ultrasound and nerve electrophysiological examination in diagnosis of diabetic peripheral neuropathy were 91 .33% and 74 .67% ,and the specificity rate were 91% and 82% .Conclusion High frequency ultrasound may play a role in the diagnosis of diabetic peripheral neuropathy .

OBJECTIVE To observe the effect of natrin from Naja naja atra(Chinese cobra)on intracellular free calcium overload,and to discuss the protective effect and the possible mechanism of natrin on myocardium calcium(Ca2+)and potassium(K+)ion channels in the primary cardiomyocytes of SD neonatal rats. METHODS The primary cardiomyocytes of SD neonatal rats were used,which were respectively pretreated with natrin 5,25 and 125 mg · L-1 for 24 h before injury was induced by H2O2 0.3 mmol · L- 1. The dynamic variation of intracellular calcium was monitored by laser confocal microscopy using Fluo-3 as Ca2+fluorescence probe. Additionally,the cardio myocytes of neonatal rats were pretreated for 24 h using different concentrations of natrin 5,25,125 mg · L-1 and verapamil 5 nmol · L-1,followed by exposure to H2O2 0.3 mmol · L-1 for 15 min. Then,the mRNA expressions of calcium channels subunits Cav1.2,Calm,RyR2 and potassium channel Kir6.2 were analyzed by FQ-PCR method. RESULTS Laser confocal microscopy revealed that H2O2 obviously caused calcium overload in cardiomyocytes, giving rise to 49.37% fluorescence increase in intracellular calcium compared with the control group(P<0.01). However,natrin 5,25 and 125 mg·L-1 resulted in 27.52%, 12.71% and 5.15% fluorescence increase in intracellular calcium,respectively,compared with the control group(P<0.01). Moreover, the PCR results showed that the mRNA expressions of Cav1.2, Calm and RyR2 in the myocardial cells treated with H2O2 were increased 2.78,2.26,and 5.34 times as compared with the control group,while Kir6.2 displayed a 1.79-fold expression level(P<0.01). By contrast, the combination of natrin and verapamil significantly decreased the mRNA expression of Cav1.2,Calm and RyR2,compared to the H2O2-treated group(P<0.01). Meanwhile,the expression of Kir6.2 was considerably higher than that of the H2O2-treated group(P<0.05). CONCLUSION Natrin can reduce the intracellular calcium overload of cardiomyocytes induced by H2O2 and shows a protective effect against oxidative damage for cardiomyocytes. The possible mechanism is that natrin can decrease the mRNA expression of Cav1.2,Calm,RyR2 and increase the expression of Kir6.2 of the H2O2-induced cardiomyocytes.

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Objective To compare the changes of four flavonoid glycosides in the leaves of Hippophae rhamnoides L . before and after fermentation .Methods The water extract of Hippophae rhamnoides L .leaves and its fermented tea were con-centrated and desiccated .The dry extracts were dissolved in 70％ ethanol .The chromatographic separation was performed with RP-HPLC method on an Extend-C18 column (4 .6 mm × 250 mm ,5 μm) .Acetonitrile-0 .1％ formic acid was selected as mobile phase at the flow rate of 1 .0 ml/min .The detection wavelength was 356 nm and the column temperature was 30 ℃ .Results The rutin content was high in the leaves of Hippophae rhamnoides L .After fermentation ,isoquercitrin content was increased , while the contents of rutin and narcissoside were reduced and isorhamnetin-3-O-glucoside stayed unchanged .There was a good linear relationship between the concentration and peak areas of the four compounds (r>0 .9997) .The average recoveries were between 96％-103％ .Conclusion This established method is rapid and reliable ,which can be used for the quality control of Hippophae rhamnoides L .leaves and its fermented tea .

Objective To investigate the characteristic volatile organic compounds(VOCs)in exhaled breath and their diagnostic value in mice with early stage radiation injury.Methods The thermal desorption gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(TD-GC/MS)technique was used to analyze VOCs in exhaled breath of irradiated mice by 60Coγ-ray with 800 cGy.The characteristic VOCs in the early stage of radiation injury were identified,and a diagnostic model was established.Results The 30-day survival rate of mice was 4.2%.There were significant differences in characteristic VOCs at 7 hours after radiation injury,and thirty characteristic VOCs related to early-stage radiation injury were identified.The diagnostic value of differential metabolites in mice after irradiation was evaluated via the ROC curve,and the area under the ROC curve(AUC)of a single compound exceeded 0.8.The diagnostic model was constructed by screening 9 potential biomarkers of exhalation through Fisher discriminant analysis,and its sensitivity and specificity were close to 100%.Conclusion Analysis of VOCs in exhaled breath is expected to provide a non-invasive diagnostic method for early screening and diagnosis of radiation injury.

Objective:To explore the in vitro anticancer effect of bleomycin (Ble) combined with cisplatin (DDP) on human gastric cancer cells.Methods:CCK-8 experiment was conducted to detect the effect of Ble and DDP alone or in combination on the proliferation of gastric cancer cells; Flow cytometry was used to detect changes in cell apoptosis and changes in reactive oxygen species. Cell scratch test was employed to detect cell migration; Western blot experiment was conducted to detect protein expression.Results:The results of CCK-8 showed that 20 μM DDP could inhibit the proliferation of six types of gastric cancer cells by 40%, while the effect of 20 μM Ble was only about 20%. When used in combination, the inhibitory rate on six types of gastric cancer could reach over 60%, with the strongest inhibitory effect on AGS cells. When 10 μM Ble and 10 μM DDP were combined, the proportion of AGS apoptotic cells reached 75.68%, higher than that of the two drugs treated with 20%, respectively 20 μM processing effect. When 10 μM Ble and 10 μM DDP were used in combination, the number of migrating and invading cells was significantly reduced, and the inhibition rate reached 50%. Compared with single use, the difference was statistically significant ( P<0.05). Flow cytometry results showed that the combination of Ble and DDP promoted cancer cell apoptosis by up-regulating the level of reactive oxygen species in cells; Western blot results showed that the expression of p-JAK2 and p-STAT3 decreased after Ble and DDP were combined, indicating that the JAK2/STAT3 signal pathway was inhibited. Conclusions:The combination of Ble and DDP can inhibit the proliferation and migration of gastric cancer cells, promote the apoptosis of gastric cancer cells, and play a synergistic anti-cancer effect. Its mechanism may be related to the up-regulation of ROS levels in cells, thereby inhibiting the activation of the JAK2/STAT3 pathway.

BACKGROUND:The content of serum thrombin in patients with osteoarthritis is significantly higher than that in normal individuals,and thrombin can induce inflammatory degeneration of rat chondrocytes,suggesting that inhibiting the function of thrombin may become a method for treating osteoarthritis.Celecoxib is a common therapeutic drug for the clinical treatment of osteoarthritis.It is not yet known whether it improves chondrocyte degeneration by inhibiting the activity of thrombin. OBJECTIVE:To investigate the effect of celecoxib on thrombin-induced degeneration of rat chondrocytes. METHODS:Thrombin levels in the serum of osteoarthritis patients and normal individuals were detected by an ELISA kit.Primary chondrocytes of neonatal Sprague-Dawley rats were isolated,and all experiments were performed with cells from passage one.Chondrocytes were randomly divided into three groups:control group,thrombin group,and celecoxib group.The cell morphology of the three groups was observed under an inverted microscope,and an Edu kit was used to detect the cell proliferation.qRT-PCR was used to detect the expression of extracellular matrix components(aggrecan,elastin,cartilage oligomeric matrix proteins),inflammatory factors(interleukin-1,interleukin-6,and tumor necrosis factor-α),and chemokines(monocyte chemotactic protein 2,monocyte chemotactic protein 7,granulocyte chemotactic protein 6).The expression of type 2 collagen α1 was detected by immunofluorescence.Western blot method was used to detect the expression of catabolic metabolism genes,such as matrix metalloproteinase 9,matrix metalloproteinase 13,and cyclooxygenase 2. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Patients with osteoarthritis had higher levels of thrombin in the serum compared with normal individuals.Under the microscope,celecoxib was found to significantly inhibit fibroid changes in chondrocytes.Compared with the thrombin group,celecoxib inhibited the proliferation of chondrocytes.The downregulation of extracellular matrix gene expression,such as type II collagen α1,in the thrombin group was inhibited by celecoxib(P<0.05).Thrombin promoted the expression of inflammatory factors(interleukin-1,interleukin-6,and tumor necrosis factor-α),chemokines(monocyte chemotactic protein 2,monocyte chemotactic protein 7,granulocyte chemotactic protein 6),as well as catabolic genes(matrix metalloproteinase 9,matrix metalloproteinase 13,and cyclooxygenase 2),and under the intervention of celecoxib,the expression of these genes could be downregulated(P<0.05).Overall,these findings indicate that celecoxib inhibits the pro-inflammatory effects of thrombin and thereby ameliorates chondrocyte degeneration in rats.

Humans ; Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ; diagnosis ; therapy

Objective: To estimate the incidence and mortality of laryngeal cancer in China based on the cancer registration data in 2014, collected by the National Central Cancer Registry (NCCR), and to provide support data for the control and prevention of laryngeal cancer. Methods: The incident and death data of laryngeal cancer in 2014 from 339 cancer registries met the quality criteria of NCCR, and then adopted for analysis. The incident and death number, crude rate, age standardized rate, truncated rate and proportion which stratified by areas (urban/rural) and age were calculated. The nationwide incidence and mortality of laryngeal cancer in 2014 were estimated by combining with those data on national population in 2014. Chinese population census in 2000 and Segi′s population were used for age-standardized incidence/mortality rates. Results: It was estimates that 23.4 thousand new cases of laryngeal cancer occurred in China in 2014. There were 20.8 thousand males and 2.6 thousand females. And 14.5 thousand occurred in urban areas, while 8.9 thousand in rural areas. The age standardized rates of incidence by world standard population (ASRs world) in male, female and both genders were 2.05/100, 000, 0.24/100, 000 and 1.14/100, 000, respectively, whereas those were 1.22/100, 000 and 1.03/100, 000 for urban and rural areas. The incidence was much higher in males than females, and slightly higher in urban areas than those in rural areas. Moreover, it was estimates that 13.2 thousand death cases of laryngeal cancer occurred in China in 2014. There were 11.5 thousand males and 1.7 thousand females. And 7.8 thousand occurred in urban areas, while 5.4 thousand in rural areas. The age standardized rates of mortality by ASRs world in male, female and both genders were 1.08/100, 000, 0.14/100, 000 and 0.60/100, 000, respectively, whereas those were 0.60/100, 000 and 0.59/100, 000 for urban and rural areas. The mortality was much higher in males than females, and slightly higher in urban areas than those in rural areas. In males, the age specific incidence and mortality of laryngeal cancer increased greatly from 40-44 and 45-44 years old, respectively, and peaked at age group of 75-79 and >85 years old. In females, the age specific incidence and mortality increased slowly from 50-54 and 60-64 years old, respectively, and peaked at age group of 80-84 and >85 years old. The trends remained similar in urban and rural areas, except for the different peak ages. Conclusions The incidence and mortality of laryngeal cancer in China are at middle-low levels worldwide, and there are obvious differences between urban and rural areas with distinct gender disparity. Comprehensive prevention and control strategies should be carried out according to local status and age groups.