AIM:To observe the effect of Huayu Qutan Decocion on patients with cerebral infarction. METHODS: 63 patients with cerebral infarction were randomized into treatment group and control group.The treatment group was given symptomatic therapy and Huayu Qutan Decoction.The control group was given symptomatic therapy and Aspirin tablets.After 14 days of treatment,the changes in score of the nerve function defect grades,the ability of activities of daily living and blood viscosity were observed. RESULTS: After a comparison between two groups,the symptomatic improvement of treatment group was more better than that in control group (P

Objective To find the similarities and differences between SD rat and C 57 mouse models of chronic renal failure established by 5/6 nephrectomy ,and select an appropriate experimental animal for the study of the treatment and prevention of chronic renal failure .Methods 60 SD rats and C57 mice were randomly and equally divided into 5/6 nephrectomy group and sham operatied group .The mice and rats were killed at 4 weeks , 8 weeks and 12 weeks after the operation, respectively.Serum and renal tissue samples were collected for the detection and analysis of renal function andα-SMA.Results There was no significant difference in the survival rates between the rat and mouse models (P>0.05). The serum creatinine and urea nitrogen in the 5/6NX rat group showed a stable state at 8-12 weeks, which was different from that of the 5/6NX mouse group.Conclusions A 5/6 nephrectomy mouse model of chronic renal failure is successfully established .Although both 5/6 NX mouse and rat groups appear progressive renal failure after the operation , their disease processes are not quite the same .In clinic, appropriate experimental animals should be selected according to the length of the observation period in order to accurately show the disease states .

Objective:To evaluate the clinical effect of Limb dysfunction after the comprehensive treatment of ischemic stroke by Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM).Methods:A total of 160 patients with limb dysfunction after ischemic stroke. Who in line with the inclusion criteria, were randomly divided into 2 groups by random number table, 80 cases each. These patients were treated in Multicenter Union Hospital from June 2017 to Janunry 2019. The patients in the control group were given basic Western medicine treatment and rehabilitation training, while the patients in the observation group were given a comprehensive treatment combined with traditional Chinese medicine based on the control group (Chinese herbs, herbal fumigation and ear point press). Both groups were treated for 4 weeks and follow-up for 2 months. The Fugl-Meyerscale were used to evaluate the degree of limb dysfunction and balance dysfunction, the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale were used for assessing the damage extent of nerve function, the Barthel index for evaluating the mobility of daily life. The clinical efficacy was evaluated according to the method of Brunnstrom assessment.Results:After treatment, the Limb strong spasm (1.57 ± 0.36 vs. 1.98 ± 0.53, t=5.724), Hemianesthesia (1.37 ± 0.31 vs. 1.80 ± 0.36, t=8.096), Inhibited bending and stretching (1.31 ± 0.25 vs. 1.84 ± 0.46, t=9.055) in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group ( P<0.01). The Fugl-Meyer activity and balance rating in the observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group ( t values were 2.739, 4.705, respectively, P<0.05 or P<0.01). The total effective rate of observation group was 93.3% (78/80), the control group was 73.3% (71/80), and there exist statistical significance ( χ2=4.783, P=0.028) in the two group’s comparative difference. Conclusion:The comprehensive TCM treatment can improve the hemiplegia syndrome of ischemic stroke patients and their limb activity and balance function, promote their neural functional recovery, enhance the activity of their daily life and clinical efficacy.

Objective To investigate the expression of DRAM in breast cancer cell line MCF-7 in radiation-induced autophagy. Methods GFP-LC3 transfection method was used to observe autophagy bubble.Real time-PCR was used to detect DRAM and MAPLC3 from transcriptional and translational level,respectively. The silencing vector from gene engineering was introduced by calcium phosphate transfection.Results Compared with the control group,GFP-LC3 increased significantly after 8 Gy irradiation by immunofluorescent assay,and the level of MAP-LC3 expression was higher than control group after 8 Gy irradiation by Western blot ( F =5.38,8.72,10.63,15.23,20.78 and 55.23,P ＜ 0.05 ).DRAM protein expression increased significantly at 2 h in the 8 Gy time-dose study,up to maximum at the 32 h( F =116.34,P ＜ 0.05 ).In DRAM model,the expression of LC3 and DRAM decreased significantly (F =20.36 and 40.35,P ＜ 0.05 ) and DRAM expression increased 8 Gy post-irradiation,but still lower than that in 8 Gy irradiation wild-type group.The LC3 expression also decreasaed 8 Gy post-irradiation(F =50.34,P ＜ 0.05 ).Conclusions DRAM plays an important role in irradiation-induced autophagy in breast cancer cell.DRAM might participate in the process and serve as a theoretical target for clinical treatment of breast cancer.

Objective To study the effect of positive lymph node number on the survival of patients with esophageal carcinoma. Methods From July 1995 to July 2005, a total of 11,447 resected lymph nodes were obtained from 1140 patients who underwent curative resection of the primary tumor with systematic lymphadenectomy at Shanxi cancer hospital. The survivals were analysed by life tables and Kaplan-Meier methods, the related factors of lymph node metastasis were assessed by Chi-square test. Results The number of positive lymph nodes was negatively related to survival rates of esophageal carcinoma. According to the number of lymph nodes resected (≥8 nodes versus <8 nodes), there was significant difference in metastatic lymph node ratio. Conclusion The number of positive lymph node can reflect the prognosis of patients better. The authors suggest that the modification of the tumor-lymphnode-metastasis (TNM) staging classification (TNM) to include the number of positive lymph nodes in the N1 category.

Objective To investigate the effect of tumor length and number of positive lymph nodes and the ratio of positive lymph nodes on survival in patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.Methods From July 1995 to July 2005, a total of 6,691 resected lymph nodes were obtained from 526patients who underwent curative resection of the primary tumour with systematic lymphadenectomy. The survivals were analysed by life tables and Kaplan-Meier methods. Results Among patients with regional disease, the number of positive lymph nodes (＞3) was related to an increasing risk. The proportion of positive lymph nodes compared with the number of lymph nodes dissected (20 %) conferred an increased risk. The tumor length (≤5 cm, 5 cm ＜ length ＜ 7 cm, ＞7 cm) was related to an increasing risk (84.74 %, 47.79 %,36.90 %, 35.52 %; 73.41%, 46.29 %, 23.87 %, 20.64 %; 64.44 %, 13.92 %, 0, 0). Conclusion Tumor length,the number of positive lymph nodes, and the ratio of positive lymph nodes are important prognostic factors for survival in patients with esophageal carcinoma. The PTNM classification system for patients with esophageal carcinoma might consider adding number of positive lymph nodes as an important prognostic factor.

OBJECTIVE To observe the effect of natrin from Naja naja atra(Chinese cobra)on intracellular free calcium overload,and to discuss the protective effect and the possible mechanism of natrin on myocardium calcium(Ca2+)and potassium(K+)ion channels in the primary cardiomyocytes of SD neonatal rats. METHODS The primary cardiomyocytes of SD neonatal rats were used,which were respectively pretreated with natrin 5,25 and 125 mg · L-1 for 24 h before injury was induced by H2O2 0.3 mmol · L- 1. The dynamic variation of intracellular calcium was monitored by laser confocal microscopy using Fluo-3 as Ca2+fluorescence probe. Additionally,the cardio myocytes of neonatal rats were pretreated for 24 h using different concentrations of natrin 5,25,125 mg · L-1 and verapamil 5 nmol · L-1,followed by exposure to H2O2 0.3 mmol · L-1 for 15 min. Then,the mRNA expressions of calcium channels subunits Cav1.2,Calm,RyR2 and potassium channel Kir6.2 were analyzed by FQ-PCR method. RESULTS Laser confocal microscopy revealed that H2O2 obviously caused calcium overload in cardiomyocytes, giving rise to 49.37% fluorescence increase in intracellular calcium compared with the control group(P<0.01). However,natrin 5,25 and 125 mg·L-1 resulted in 27.52%, 12.71% and 5.15% fluorescence increase in intracellular calcium,respectively,compared with the control group(P<0.01). Moreover, the PCR results showed that the mRNA expressions of Cav1.2, Calm and RyR2 in the myocardial cells treated with H2O2 were increased 2.78,2.26,and 5.34 times as compared with the control group,while Kir6.2 displayed a 1.79-fold expression level(P<0.01). By contrast, the combination of natrin and verapamil significantly decreased the mRNA expression of Cav1.2,Calm and RyR2,compared to the H2O2-treated group(P<0.01). Meanwhile,the expression of Kir6.2 was considerably higher than that of the H2O2-treated group(P<0.05). CONCLUSION Natrin can reduce the intracellular calcium overload of cardiomyocytes induced by H2O2 and shows a protective effect against oxidative damage for cardiomyocytes. The possible mechanism is that natrin can decrease the mRNA expression of Cav1.2,Calm,RyR2 and increase the expression of Kir6.2 of the H2O2-induced cardiomyocytes.

Objective To investigate the therapeutic effect of bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cell (BMSC) transplantation on D-galactosamine-induced acute liver failure in Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats,as well as the mechanism of neutrophils in this process.Methods A total of 39 male SD rats were divided into control group (8 rats,intraperitoneal injection of isotonic saline),model group (10 rats,intraperitoneal injection of D-galactosamine),solvent group (9 rats,tail vein injection of isotonic saline at 2 hours after intraperitoneal injection of D-galactosamine),and treatment group (12 rats,tail vein injection of MSCs at 2 hours after intraperitoneal injection of D-galactosamine).The rats were sacrificed at 24 hours after the model of D-galactosamine-induced acute liver failure was established,and the blood and liver tissue were harvested.The serum levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and total bilirubin (TBil) were measured,and blood analysis was performed to measure the number and percentage of neutrophils in peripheral blood.Immunofluorescence assay was used to measure the expression of the neutrophil marker Ly6g in the liver,the myeloperoxidase (MPO) kit was used to measure the activity of MPO in liver,and RT-PCR was used to measure the mRNA expression of inflammatory cytokines and chemokines in the liver,i.e.,tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α),interleukin-1β (IL-1β),interferon-γ (IFN-γ),interleukin-10 (IL-10),CXC chemokine ligand 1 (CXCL1),and CXC chemokine ligand 2 (CXCL2).Another 64 male SD rats were randomly divided into groups,and the survival rates of rats in each group were observed for 7 days.The independent samples t-test was used for comparison between any two groups (Levene homogeneity test of variance,and the corrected t-test was used for a P value of ＜ 0.05),and the log-rank test was used for comparison of survival rates between any two groups.Results At 24 hours after acute liver failure was induced by D-galactosamine in the SD rats,there were significant increases in the liver function parameters (ALT:2884.1±541.0 U/L vs 45.4±11.0 U/L,P ＜ 0.001;AST:3634.9±755.9 U/L vs 143.9±23.7 U/L,P ＜ 0.001;TBil:44.4±8.4 μmmol/L vs 0.9±0.2 μmmol/L,P ＜ 0.001) and the number and percentage of peripheral blood neutrophils [number:(4.7±1.1)×109 vs (1.4±0.4)× 109,P ＜0.001;percentage:44.9％±8.0％ vs 18.3％±4.4％,P ＜ 0.001].A large number of neutrophils aggregated in the liver tissue,and there were significant increases in the MPO activity (4.72±1.09 U/g vs 1.13±0.24 U/g,P ＜ 0.001),inflammatory cytokines,and chemokines.Compared with the model group,the treatment group showed significant improvements in liver function (ALT:1 823.9a389.2 U/L vs 2 884.1±541.0 U/L,P ＜ 0.001;AST:2173.0±567.3U/L vs 3634.9±755.9 U/L,P ＜ 0.001;TBil:30.9±6.5 μmmol/L vs 44.4±8.4 μmmol/L,P ＜ 0.001) and survival rate (50％ vs 12.5％,P=0.023).Meanwhile,the treatment group also showed significant reductions in the number and percentage of peripheral blood neutrophils [number:(3.5±1.0)× 109 vs (4.7±1.1)×109,P =0.012;percentage:35.9％±8.9％ vs 44.9％±8.0％,P =0.021],number of neutrophils in the liver,and MPO activity (3.52±1.03 U/g vs 4.72±1.09 U/g,P =0.040),as well as significantly inhibited expression of inflammatory cytokines and chemokines (TNF-α:2.458±0.762 vs 3.778±1.046,P =0.005;IL-1β:2.498±0.547 vs 4.065 ± 0.953,P =0.002;IFN-γ:3.977±1.039 vs 5.418±1.255,P =0.025;IL-10:6.056±1.542 vs 3.368±0.952,P=0.001;CXCL1:7.988±1.911 vs 10.366±1.239,P =0.010;CXCL2:3.441±1.005 vs 4.847±1.113,P=0.019).Conclusion BMSC transplantation has a therapeutic effect on D-galactosamine-induced acute liver failure in rats,and this process is accompanied by reduced aggregation and activity of neutrophils in peripheral blood and liver.Inflammatory cytokines and chemokines may be involved in the mechanism of regulation of these two aspects.

Background: Xylazole (Xyl) is a veterinary anesthetic that is structurally and functionally similar to xylazine. However, the effects of Xyl in vitro remain unknown. Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the anesthetic mechanism of Xyl using fetal rat nerve cells treated with Xyl. Methods: Fetal rat nerve cells cultured for seven days were treated with 10, 20, 30, and 40 μg/ mL Xyl for 0, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 45, 60, 90, and 120 min. Variations of amino acid neurotransmitters (AANTs), Nitric oxide-Cyclic GMP (NO-cGMP) signaling pathway, and ATPase were evaluated. Results: Xyl decreased the levels of cGMP and NO in nerve cells. Furthermore, Xyl affected the AANT content and Na+ -K+ -ATPase and Ca2+ -Mg2+ -ATPase activity in nerve cells. These findings suggested that Xyl inhibited the NO-cGMP signaling pathway in nerve cells in vitro. Conclusions This study provided new evidence that the anesthetic and analgesic effects of Xyl are related to the inhibition of the NO-cGMP signaling pathway.

Objective To investigate the value of early trophic feeding on maintenance of the integrity of intestinal mucosa barrier in severe traumatic patients.Methods The seriously traumatic patients were eligible for enrollment to this study from January 1st,2014 to March 31st,2015 in the intensive care unit of Xiangcheng People's Hospital.All patients were randomly divided into early enteral nutrition (EEN)group and the control group.Within 12 to 24 hours after ICU admission,all patients were fed on enteral nutrition.In the EEN group,the nutrient was reached to 25％ of target nutrient amount [104.6 kJ/ (kg · d)],and in the control group,the nutrition was reached to 60％ of the target nutrient amount.Comparisons of feeding intolerance,incidence of newly developed lung infection,the total length of hospital stay,ICU medical costs,and the markers of mucosa barrier function including lactulose/mannitol ratios (L/M),serum lactic acid level,and diamine oxidase (the first day,the third day and the seventh day) between two groups were carried out.Results Of them,56 patients were treated with early enteral nutrition.Early enteral feeding intolerance and ICU associated infection complications were significantly lower in EEN group than those in control group (P =0.012,P =0.046).There were no significant differences in ICU associated infection complications,the length of ICU stay,the length of hospital stay,ICU medical costs,L/M ratios,D-lactic acid level and diamine oxidase concentration between the two groups (P=0.135,P=0.126,P =0.223,P =0.235).Conclusions Under the seriously traumatic stress,the significantly increased intestinal mucosal permeability will be occurred early.In patients with early trophic feeding,the intestinal mucous membrane barrier function can be improved,thus decreasing ICU associated infection complications and incidence of feeding intolerance.