Objective To get minimally invasive and cosmetic effect,minimal incision was used in thyroid surgery.Methods By using MPBS series instruments,thyroid surgeries were performed through anterior cervical tiny incision approach.Results 164 cases of subtotal theroidectomy and 78 cases of thyroid individual lobe resection were performed.The length of incision were(2.0 ± 0.5)cm,and the duration of operation time were(40 ± 10)min.the volume of blood loss were(30 ± 10)ml.There was no conversion to traditional open operation.After 3 years follow-up,short and long term complications were not found.Conclusions Minimally incision thyroid surgery has advantages of less trauma,cosmetic effect and does not compromise the safety.The disadvantages of this method is limited operative field and inconvenience for operation,which need to be further improved.

Objective To investigate the distribution of islet autoantibodies (GAD-Ab, IA2-Ab, IAA) in new-onset diabetic patients with unprovoked ketosis and their association with clinical characteristics and pancreatic ? cell function.Methods Islet autoantibodies, including GAD-Ab、IA2-Ab and IAA were detected in 161 new-onset diabetic patients with unprovoked ketosis by radioligand assay. Prevalence of positive islet autoantibodies was compared among groups with different ages, body mass indexes (BMI), severity of ketosis and fasting C peptide (FCP) levels. Clinical characteristics and pancreatic ? cell function were compared between groups with positive and negative islet autoantibodies.Results One or more kinds of islet autoantibodies were detected in 68 from the 161 subjects (42.2%), with higher prevalence of positive islet autoantibodies in the patients aged equal to or less than 20 years, of BMI equal to or less than 18.5 and with FCP equal to or less than 300 pmol/L. Younger age of onset, lower BMI, more severe ketosis and poorer islet endocrine function were found in patients with positive islet autoantibodies, as compared with those with negative ones.Conclusions In diabetic patients with unprovoked ketosis, the younger, the lower C peptide and the lower BMI they are, the higher prevalence of positive islet autoantibodies, the more possibility that they are classified as type 1A diabetes and the less possibility as type 1B diabetes or type 2 diabetes.Pancreatic ? cell function was poorer in patients with positive islet autoantibodies,which should be treated with insulin as earlier as possible.

Objective To investigate epidemiologically the prevalence of obesity and overweight in Mongolian and Han residents aged over 55 years old in pastoral area of Inner Mongolia,China.Method From 2008 to 2009,with diagnostic criteria of overweight and obesity adopted by Chinese and World Health Organization (WHO),an epidemiological investigation was carried out in 9 146 subjects.Result The incidences of obesity and overweight in Mongolian and Han residents were 32.43％ (32.25％ by WHO criteria),19.09％ (9.91％),and 33.60％ (29.85％),15.19％ (7.66％),respectively.The prevalence of obesity in Mongolian residents was higher than that in Han residents (x2 =16.272,P＜0.01).The status of obesity in Mongolian and Han female residents was more marked than that in male residents (P ＜ 0.05).Overweight between male and female of Han population was different(x2 =5.541,P =0.019).The prevalence of obesity between Mongolian and Han was statistically different (x2 =16.272,P＜0.01).Waist circumference,waist/height ratio,and body mass index between Mongolian and Han were also different (all P ＜ 0.01).Conclusion Differences in prevalence of overweight and obesity were found between Mongolian and Han ethnics among residents aged over 55 in pastoral area of Inner Mongolia,China.

Objective To study the role of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) analogue liraglutide played in the proliferation of CD4+CD25 T cells in normal people and newly-onset type 1 diabetic patients,and to evaluate the possible immune regulatory role of liraglutide in the therapy of type 1 diabetes.Methods CD4+ CD25-T cells of 10 normal people and 10 newly-onset type 1 diabetic patients were separated from peripheral blood by MACS immunomagnetic beads and stimulated by Human T-Activator CD3/CD28 Dynabeads to proliferate.CFSE labeling technique was used to evaluate the proliferation of CD4+ CD25-T cells by flow cytometry.Liraglutide of different concentrations(0,25,50,and 100 nmol/ml) was added to the proliferation system,then the proliferation of CD4+CD25-T cell was measured.Results (1) Liraglutide suppressed the proliferation of CD4+ CD25-T cells from either normal people or type 1 diahetic patients with dose-dependent manner (P ＜ 0.05).(2) Under the different concentrationsofliraglutide,the proliferation ofCD4+CD25 T cells from diabetic patients was mueh more robust than that of normal people (P＜0.01).(3) The inhibitory effects of liraglutide on CD4+ CD25-T cells proliferation in normal people and diabetic patients were similar (P＞0.05).Conclusion The proliferation of CD4+ CD25 T cells in type 1 diabetic patients was more robust than normal people,which indicated cellular immune dysfunction in type 1diabetes.Liraglutide inhibits the proliferation of CD4+ CD25-T cells of type 1 diabetic patients in vitro.The immunosuppression effect of liraglutide may have potential value in the treatment of type 1 diabetes.

Objective To explore the expression of COX-2,PD-ECGF and VEGF in gastric carcinoma tissue,and analyze and identify the relationship between the expression and tumor angiogenesis together with biological behaviour in gastric carcinoma.Methods ElivisionTM immunohistochemical method was performed to detect the expression of COX-2,PD-ECGF,VEGF and CD34,and evaluate the value of MVD in surgically resected gastric carcinoma specimens and biopsy tissues under gastroscope,including normal gastric mucosa tissues, metaplasia tissues and gastric mucosal atypical hyperplasia tissues. Clinicopathologic data of patients were analyzed retrospectively. Results The positive expression of COX-2, PD-ECGF,VEGF and MVD in gastric carcinoma were significantly higher than those in normal gastric mucosa, metaplasia or gastric mucosal atypical hyperplasia,and also their expression and MVD were closely related to lymph node metastasis and depth of invasion. The MVD in the groups of COX-2,PD-ECGF,VEGF positive-expression were significantly higher than those in negative-expression groups respectively. There were positive correlations among the expression of COX-2,PD-ECGF and VEGF in gastric carcinoma. MVD increased significantly when COX-2, PD-ECGF and VEGF coexpressed. Conclusion The expression of COX-2,PD-ECGF,VEGF and tumor angiogenesis participated in the genesis,invasion and metastasis of human gastric carcinoma.COX-2,PD-ECGF and VEGF participated in the tumor angiogenesis of gastric carcinoma. In the process of tumor angiogenesis and expression in gastric carcinoma, COX-2, PD-ECGF and VEGF could strengthen the effectiveness each other.They could strengthen the effective ness of tumor angiogenesis when they coexpressed. They could be selected as targets for tumor anti-angiogenesis treatment.

Objective To investigate the clinical characteristics, the association with the risk factors of macrovascular complications, the prevalence of microvascular complications between LADA patients and Type 2 diabetes(T2DM). Methods A cross-sectional study of 30 cases of LADA(ICA positive) patients and 60 cases of ICA negative T2DM subjects matched with age, sex and duration.Results As compared with T2DM, LADA cases showed a lower BMI(21 3?0 5 vs 23 3?0.4kg/m 2, P

A method for simultaneous determination of PCDDs, dl-PCBs, BFRs and PBDD/Fs in flue gas from stationary source was developed. The sample was extracted by Soxhlet apparatus with toluene, and followed by purification through sulfuric acid partition and multi-layer silica gel column separation. The target compounds were then all separated by passing through the active carbon-dispersed silica gel column and reversal eluting. Gas chromatography coupled with a thermostable capillary column ( short length, thin stationary phase film) was operated at pulse injection mode. High resolution mass spectrometry set at low-electron-energy ionization was used for quantification. The high- and low-brominated compounds were determined simultaneously. The detection limits of this method were 0. 081-1. 2 pg for PCDD/Fs, 0. 10-0. 32 pg for dl-PCBs, 0. 14-12 pg for PBDEs, 0. 26-16 pg for new BFRs, 0. 44-3. 6 pg for tetra- to hepta-BDD/Fs and 8. 2-12 pg for OBDD/F. Recoveries ( RSDs) in spiked flue gas samples were 88%-115%(2. 9%-6. 1%) for PCDD/Fs, 84%-118% (3. 2%-10%) for dl-PCBs, 71%-135% (2. 1%-18%) for PBDEs, 71%-114% (2. 9%-7. 4%) for new BFRs, 83%-127% (5. 2%-10%) for tetra-to hepta-BDD/Fs and 52%-149% ( 23%-24%) for OBDD/F. All quality control data fell within the acceptable range specified in analysis standards for flue gas.

Anopheles minimus was once a main malaria vector in Hainan Island and had been e-liminated basically through the campaign of indoor residual spraying launched in 1959. It again became an incriminated vector of some focal malaria outbreaks in recent years. The present study was conducted in a selected county-Danxian and a typical hilly area-Feibar in the west part of Danxian county in 1989-1990.An. minimus was found in 50% and 62. 5 % of the surveyed sites at mountainous and hilly area of Danxian county,but not found in coastal region. An. minimus was found in all 18 sites surveyed in Feibar district constituting 52% of anopheline composition. Man-biting rate made by human-baited collection was 3. 2 before midniaght and 38. 2 when collected through whole night in some sites. However, the behaviour characteristics of An. minimus has changed. It has become exophilic,exophagic, and has an equal preference for man and cattle. The vectorial capacity of An. minimus estimated by quantitative data was in accord with malaria infection rate in Feibar district ,and the malaria infection rate among the inhabitants in three types of residential quarter with different socioeconomic conditions. Malaria infection rates of residential quarter of land-reclamation outcomers, villagers and state farm residents were 10%,2. 9% and 0. 5% respectively during 40 days from July to August,1990.Owing to the fact that An. minimus has become a secondary vector only next to An. dirus, with a wide range of distribution and a considerable different characteristics in behaviour compared to that before spraying campaign , it is suggested that a malaria control programme must be seriously planned to adjust the new problem of malaria epidemiology in Hainan Province.

Objective: To present the evolutionary path of Chinese Medical Ethics, analyze the development vein of periodical, explore the journal' s research focuses, and provide reference for related personnel to understand the development of the current research status in the field through visualization technology. Methods:Using biblio-metric method,taking "China National Knowledge Infrastructure" as source of data collection, we used the visual-ization software CiteSpace to draw scientific knowledge maps and analyzed literatures published from 1990 to 2014 in Chinese Medical Ethics. Results:The annualvolume of journal articles fluctuated upwards,with peaks in 1992, 2000 and 2009, and of which the most was in 2009, with 393 articles. "Medical Ethics" and "Doctor-patient Relationship" were hotwords in this field. The publications of domestic and foreign scholars promoted the interna-tional exchange and the development of Chinese medical ethics, and the most productive institutions were often col-leges or universities. Conclusion:Chinese Medical Ethics has effectively promoted the development of bioethics in China, more and more scholars are involved in the relative research of medical ethics, and the old, middle and young scientists and research teams inherit, cooperate and develop with each other. The cross-regional, inter-a-gency and interdisciplinary collaboration remains very limited, whichwill become the important factorinfluencingthe development of the field of Chinese medical ethics in the future.

Objective:To study the safety and efficacy of hiatal hernia-endoscopic submucosal dissection (HH-ESD) for the treatment of giant hiatal hernia (>3 cm in length) complicated with refractory gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD).Methods:Patients with giant hiatal hernia complicated with refractory GERD who voluntarily received HH-ESD at the Digestive Endoscopy Center of the Affiliated People's Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University from April 2018 to March 2020 were included in the clinical study. The completion of HH-ESD and the occurrence of complications were observed, and the changes of indicators before and after the treatment were observed, including gastroesophageal reflux disease-health related quality of life (GERD-HRQL) score, gastroesophageal reflux disease questionnaire (GERD-Q) score, endoscopy results, 24 h esophageal pH monitoring results, esophageal high-resolution manometry results and proton pump inhibitor (PPI) usage.Results:Data of 10 patients were collected during the study, with a medical history of 2-10 years. All patients successfully underwent HH-ESD treatment. No adverse events such as perforation and massive bleeding occurred during the operation, and the hospital stay was 6-12 days. Dysphagia occurred in 3 cases after the operation, which was relieved spontaneously within 3 or 6 months. The preoperative GERD-HRQL scores ranged from 19 to 29, which were reduced to 0-14 and 0-8 at 3 and 12 months after the operation, respectively. The preoperative GERD-Q score was 9-17, and the scores at 3 and 12 months after the operation were all 6-9, which were significantly lower than those before. Gastroscopy showed that esophagitis was improved in all patients, hernia sac was reduced, and Hill grade was reduced compared with that before. The preoperative DeMeester score was 30.3-247.1, and the postoperative 12-month score was 0.2-29.9, which was significantly lower than that before. The long diameter of hiatal hernia was 3.0-6.0 cm before the operation and 0-5.0 cm at 12 months after, which was smaller than that before. At 12 months of the follow-up, 7 patients had stopped PPI, and the remaining 3 had changed to intermittent oral PPI.Conclusion:Preliminary results show that HH-ESD is safe and effective for the treatment of giant hiatal hernia complicated with refractory GERD.