Objective To compare the differences between measured resting energy expenditure calculated by the indirect calorimetry with the resting energy expenditure calculated by the Harris-Benedict formula and weight formula in the mechanically ventilated surgical critically ill patients in SICU.Methods Patients mechanically ventilated in SICU of Xuanwu Hospital,from April 2014 to April 2015 were measured resting energy expenditure by the indirect calorimetry with the resting energy expenditure calculated by the Harris-Benedict formula and weight formula in the 1st,the 3rd and the 5th day.There were twenty-nine patients enrolled,thirteen males and sixteen females,measured the resting energy expenditure 188 times.The distribution of metabolism level was studied,and the resting energy expenditure measured by three methods were calculated and evaluated by paired sample t test.Results There were 177 times(62.24％)of low metabolism level,59 times(31.38％)of normal metabolism level,and 12 times(6.38％)of high metabolism level.Eighteen patients used these three methods to calculate the energy expenditure on 1st,3rd and 5th day:indirect calorimetry (1 627.11 ± 323.63) kcal,(1 614.67± 308.93) kcal,(1 576.11 ± 263.96) kcal;Weight formula (1 479.44 ± 200.24) kcal,(1 488.40 ± 227.72) kcal,(1434.14 ± 216.56) kcal;Harris-Benedict formula (1 777.43 ± 253.00) kcal,(1 730.08 ± 265.18) kcal,(1 689.33 ± 236.69) kcal.The results calculated from Harris-Benedict formula and the weight formula were significantly different fiom calculated from indirect calorimetry (P ＜ 0.05).Resting energy expenditure by Harris-Benedict formula was significantly higher than calculated from indirect calorimetry (All P ＜ 0.05).Resting energy expenditure by weight formula was significantly lower than calculated from indirect calorimetry(All P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions Although Harris-Benedict formula and weight formula is convenient in clinical use,while the results calculated by them is significant different from the results calculated by indirect calorimetry.So clinical nutrition support should rely on indirect calorimetry as far as possible.

ObjectiveTo explore the effect of metabolic syndrome (MS) on the occurrence and development of benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH).Methods 101 elderly BPH patients were divided into two groups:BPH (n = 45) and BPH with MS (n= 56)group.The effects of metabolic indexes,including body mass index (BMI),waist,high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C),fasting blood glucose (FBS) and insuline resistance index (H()MA-IR),on prostate volume(PV),prostate-specific antigen (PSA),international prostate symptom score (IPSS) and lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) were surveyed in BPH patients.Results BPH with MS group showed significantly higher values of PV (t = 3.22,P= 0.003)and longer course of LUTS (t= 2.02,P =0.046) than BPH group.The BPH patients with overweight and obesity had significantly higher levels of PV(49.44±26.83 ml and 51.7±22.2 ml,P=0.021 and 0.043) than BPH patients with normal weight (38.10 ± 10.64 ml).Additionally,BPH patients with abdominal obesity had significantly higher levels of PV than BPH patients without abdominal obesity(50.26±26.51 ml vs.38.99± 11.25ml,P=0.005).BPH patients with low HDL-C had significantly higher PV than BPH patients with normal HDL-C[(54.23±28.92)ml vs.(40.40± 14.87) ml,P=0.009].The values of PV,PSA in the BPH patients with elevated FBS were significantly higher than in BPH patients with normal FBS (t=3.17 and 2.4I,P= 0.035 and 0.013).BPH patients with insuline resistance (IR) had higher values of PV and longer courses of LUTS than BPH patients without IR (t= 3.43 and 3.58,P-0.001).The PV was positively correlated with BMI(r= 0.459.P= O.OOO),FINS (r= 0.42,P=O.OOI),HOMA-IR (r= 0.49,P= 0.003) and gatively correlated with HDL-C (r= 0.38,P-0.000)- Multiple linear stepwise regression analysis showed that PV was closely correlated with HOMA-IR.ConclusionsMS has evident effects on the occurrence and development of BPH.

Objective To understand the elementary information and pharmacotherapy for benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) in outpatients in geriatrics department of three hospitals. Methods The outpatients diagnosed as BPH were investigated by daily BPH diagnosis report form, BPH medical-care requirement questionnaire, international prostate symptom score (IPSS) questionnaire and BPH quality of life scale (BPHQLS) in odd months. Results There were 657 outpatients in the three hospitals, including 456 males and 201 females. 289 patients were diagnosed as BPH, accounting for 44% of all outpatients and 63.4% of male patients. The average age of BPH patients was (77.2±5.7)years, the mean volume of prostate was (41.44 ± 21.00)ml, the median value of prostate specific antigen (PSA) was 2.24 μg/L, the mean maximum flow rate was (12. 65± 5.74)ml/s, and the average of IPSS and BPHQLS were 14.8±8. 11, 2. 56±1.36, respectively. The percentage of pharmacotherapy was 66.21% (96/145), and the rates of a-receptor blocker monotherapy and 5α-reduetase inhibitor monotherapy were 6.90% and 8. 97%, respectively. The percentage of drug combination was 26.90%. Conclusions BPH outpatients in geriatrics department of the three hospitals are at high risk, and most of them receive drug therapy. The drug choice is reasonable.

Objective To express mouse IFN-λ2 stably and study its biological activity. Methods Full-length of mIFN-λ2 cDNA was obtained by using RT-PCR from cells of mouse spleen stimulated by ve-sicular stomatitis virus(VSV) and then subcloned to eukaryotic expressing vector PCAGG-EGFP. The recom-binant was transfected into CHO cells. VSV * GFP-B16 system was used to measure the antivirus activity. The constructed cell line MDBK-Mxp-Luc was used to study the character of Mx1 protein induced by the mIFN-λ2. Results The recombinant pMD18-T-mIFN-λ2 was digested by two kinds of enzyme, Sac I and Xho I, to produce the fragment was of 582 bp, and of which the sequence analysis of sequence shows it was entirely consistent with the nucleotide sequences reported in GenBank. PCAGG-EGFP-mIFN-λ2 eukaryotic expressing vector was constructed successfully and expressed stably in CHO cells, and the mRNA of mIFN-λ2 was verified expressing in CHO-PCAGG-EGFP-mIFN-λ2 cell line by RT-PCR. The antivirus activity of in the supernatant secreted by the CHO-PCAGG-EGFP-mIFN-λ2 cell line was 10~4 AU/ml. The mIFN-λ2 pro-tein can could induce the expression of the antivirus protein Mx1, and the expression of Mx1 protein induced by mIFN-λ2 enhanced with time going, 9 to 12 hours achieved the peak, 24 hours vanished. Conclusion Gene cloning of mIFN-λ2 was successful. The eukaryotic expressing vector of mIFN-λ2 was constructed suc-cessfully and expressed stably in CHO cells, and its product has obvious antivirus activity in vitro. And the antivirus activity of the product was closely correlated with inducing expression of antivirus protein Mx1.

OBJECTIVE:To study the pharmacokinetics of recombinant staphylokinase(r-SAK)in a thrombosis model of femoral artery in rabbits.METHODS:Large glass plates were used for modified agar-well diffusion assay to measure r-SAK concentration in plasma of rabbits which had been administered different doses drug by different means respective?ly.RERULTS:The pharmacokinetics of r-SAK infusion in thrombosis model of the femoral artery in rabbits fits two-com?partment model,the plasma levels and the diameter of lytic circles showed a good linear correlation under the scope of20～2500IU/ml(r=0.9960),and the averaged recovery rate was(96.05?9.20)%.The peak concentrations of low,medial and high dose drop group and single iv group are(2.28?1.06),(3.54?0.32),(6.12?1.61)and(5.16?1.02)?g/ml.CONCLUSION:The biological assays is a simple,reliable method to determine the plasma level.

OBJECTIVETo learn about the photosynthetic characteristics of Sarcandra glabra and provide the theoretic references for its better planting.

METHODThe photosynthetic parameters of twenty different provenances of Sarcandra glabra were determined by Li-6400 portable photosynthesis system, and the data was analyzed by Excel and SAS software.

RESULTThe results showed that the light saturation point of different Provenances of S. glabra were almost about 800 micromol x m(-2) x s(-1), while the light compensation point of them were from 14.70 micromol x m(-2) x s(-1) to 48.68 micromol x m(-2) x s(-1). The curve of net photosynthetic rate had two peaks on sunny day, the first one was in the morning and the other one was in the afternoon. The photosynthetic "noon- break" of S. glabra appeared between 11:00-13:00, when the net photosynthetic rate goes down sharply. Intercellular CO2 concentration (C(i)), CO2 concentration (CO2S) and transpiration rate (T(r)) all have effect on the diurnal change of net photosynthetic rate (P(n)) of S. glabra, and the average correlation coefficient between P(n) and the parameters above were orderly as -0.89 (P < 0.01), -0.75 (P < 0.05) and 0.69 (P < 0.05);

CONCLUSIONS. glabra was a plant with characteristics of shade-tolerance, and through the way of covering, sprinkling for decreasing the surrounding temperature would be effective to reduce its "noon-break" time and increas its efficiency of photosynthesis.

Human ribosomal DNA (hrDNA) targeting vector pHr is a homologous recombinant plasmid for human genome which developed in the State Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics. pHr was used to construct a recombinant plasmid pHr-CMG expressing mda-7/GFP fusion gene and its efficacy in the hepatocellular carcinoma cell line Bel-7402 was investigated. The expression of mda-7/GFP fusion gene was detected by fluorescent microscope, RT-PCR and Western blotting, and its function was detected by cell-cycle analyses, MTT assay and Hoechst33258 staining. The results demonstrated that pHr-CMG vector could express MDA-7/GFP fusion protein effectually and the mda-7 gene could induce cell apoptosis and proliferation suppression in Bel-7402 cell line, which might be caused by the G2/M cell cycle arrest. These results also suggested that human ribosomal DNA targeting vector system and the pHr-CMG vector may be applied in further gene therapy researches for hepatocellular carcinoma.

Objective To determine whether rizatriptan has an effect on cortical spreading depression (CSD) and c-Fos expression within periaqueductal grey (PAG) induced by CSD in rats. Methods The experimental SD rats were randomly divided into group A injected with KCl, group B KCl plus rizatriptan and group C NaCL The number and amplitude of CSD were recorded after KCl or NaCl injection. C-Fos positive neurons of different layer were identified by the immunohistochemical technique 2 hours after the first injection of KCl or NaCl. Results There was no CSD in group C. The number of CSD in group A ( 10.70±3.23 ) was significantly more than that in group B (6.10±2.56, t = - 3.528, P < 0.01 ). The amplitude of CSD in group A ( 17.33 (95% CI 11.45--23.11 ) mV) was significantly greater than that in group B (11.82 (95%CI 9.24--14.70) mV, Z= -4.360, P< 0.01). There were more cFos-like immnoreactive neurons in every layer in group A than in group C (P < 0.01 ) and in group B (P < 0.05 ). Conclusion Rizatriptan has an inhibitory effect on CSD, which might induce the headache through exciting the neurons in PAG.

In order to study the tumor suppression effect of p53 with CMV enhancer and hTERT promoter mediated by human-derived vector pHrn in liver cancer cell Bel-7402, report plasmid pchEGFP, tumor suppressor plasmids pchp53Arg and pchp53Pro were constructed by inserting expression cassette CMVe+hTERTp+EGFP, CMVe+hTERTp+p53Arg and CMVe+hTERTp+p53Pro into pHrn respectively. 24 h after cell transfection by lipofectamine 2000, GFP expression pattern was analyzed through fluorescence microscope and flow cytometry; RT-PCR and Western blot were taken to study the p53 expression pattern. The cell apoptosis by Hoechst 33258 and Annexin V-FITC/PI staining was also studied. Results show that the expression of GFP and p53 protein in Bel-7402were detected, but apparent cell apoptosis could not be found. The recombinant p53 mediated by human-derived vector could express in Bel-7402, but no significant tumor suppression effect was detected, which might result from the down regulation effect of the wild type p53 on hTERT promoter.

Hydroxyapatite nanoparticles were prepared in low Ca/P ratio by a kind of electrodeposition-hydrothermal process. The suspension of nanoparticles was cultured with SGC-7901 cells; metabolically active cells were evaluated by MTT analysis. Cells grew well and the nanoparticles in the concentration range of 10-100 microg/ml had no adverse effect on the cell viability. The results show that the nanoparticles have excellent biocompatibility with cells. Agrose gel electrophoresis analysis demonstrated that the nanoparticles had the potential to adsorb EGFP-N1 at the pH ranging between 2 to 7. Nanoparticle-DNA complex could transfer EGFP-N1 into the SGC-7901 cells, and the confocal microscopy analysis revealed that the cells with green fluorescence showed the efficiency of nanoparticle uptake to be about 80% of the efficiency of the Lipofectmine TM 2 000 uptake. In vivo, nanoparticles and DNA-nanoparticle complex were injected into mice respectively via tail-vein, and the mice grew well in two weeks. The liver, kidney, and brain of the mice were sampled and detected with electron microscopy, and all of these exhibited biodistribution of nanoparticles. This study demonstrates that Hydroxyapatite nanoparticles could be used as gene carriers.
Animals ; Biocompatible Materials ; Calcium Phosphates ; chemistry ; Drug Carriers ; chemistry ; Durapatite ; chemistry ; Genetic Therapy ; methods ; Mice ; Nanostructures ; Stomach Neoplasms ; pathology ; Transfection ; Tumor Cells, Cultured