ObjectiveMicrotube associated protein-2 （MAP-2）， alpha-tubulin （α-tubulin）， and synaptophysin （SYP） are important proteins in neuronal signal communication. This paper observed the effects of modified Zhigancao Tang on the expression of serum α-Synuclein （α-Syn） and its oligomers， MAP-2， α-tubulin， and SYP of patients with liver and kidney deficiency of Parkinson's disease （PD）， analyzed their correlation， and evaluated the therapeutic effect of modified Zhigancao Tang in patients with liver and kidney deficiency of PD based on α-Syn transmission pathway mediated by neuronal communication in vivo. MethodsA total of 60 patients with PD who met the inclusion criteria were randomly divided into a treatment group （30 cases） and a control group （30 cases）. Both groups were treated on the basis of PD medicine， and the treatment group was treated with modified Zhigancao Tang. Both groups were treated for 12 weeks. The changes in UPDRS score， TCM syndrome score， and expression of serum α-Syn and its oligomers， MAP-2， α-tubulin， and SYP were observed before and after 12 weeks of treatment in each group. The correlation between the above-mentioned serum biological indexes and the levels of serum α-Syn and its oligomers was analyzed. ResultsAfter treatment， the TCM syndrome score， UPDRS score， UPDRS-Ⅱ score， and UPDRS-Ⅲ score of the treatment group were significantly decreased （P<0.05， P<0.01）. The UPDRS score， UPDRS-Ⅱ score， and UPDRS-Ⅲ scores in the treatment group were significantly decreased compared with those in the control group after treatment （P<0.05）. After treatment， the total effective rate of the control group was 63.3% （19/30）， and that of the treatment group was 86.7% （26/30）. The clinical effect of the observation group was better than the control group （Z=-2.03， P<0.05）. The total effective rate of the observation group was better than that of the control group， and the difference was statistically significant （χ²=5.136， P<0.05）. After treatment， the oligomer level of serum α-Syn and MAP-2 level in the treatment group were significantly decreased （P<0.05， P<0.01）. The levels of serum α-Syn and its oligomers， as well as α-tubulin in the treatment group， were significantly decreased compared with those in the control group after treatment （P<0.05， P<0.01）. Serum α-Syn was correlated with serum MAP-2 and α-Syn oligomer in patients with PD （P<0.05， P<0.01） but not correlated with serum SYP . Serum α-Syn oligomers of patients with PD were correlated with serum MAP-2 and α-tubulin （P<0.05， P<0.01） but not correlated with serum SYP level. Serum SYP of patients with PD was correlated with serum MAP-2 （P<0.05）. ConclusionModified Zhigancao Tang has a therapeutic effect on patients with liver and kidney deficiency of PD by inhibiting the production of α-Syn oligomers and intervening α-Syn microtubule transport pathway in vivo.

OBJECTIVE: To explore the function of LIM and calponin homology domains 1 (LIMCH1) in the development and progression of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), along with their potential clinical applications. METHODS: By utilizing transcriptome sequencing data from two groups of oral squamous cell carcinoma patients, along with bioinformatics analytical techniques such as Gene Ontology (GO) and gene co-expression networks, we identified genes that might play a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of oral squamous cell carcinoma. We employed real-time quantitative PCR and Western blotting to validate the expression patterns of these genes across twelve patient tissue samples. Furthermore, we conducted CCK-8 assays, flow cytometry analyses, and scratch wound healing assays to assess the impact of key genes on the biological behaviors of both the Cal27 oral squamous cell carcinoma cell line and the potentially malignant DOK oral lesion cell line. Additionally, we examined correlations between these key genes and clinical disease parameters in 214 oral squamous cell carcinoma patients using The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) data; gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) analysis results were also incorporated to enhance our findings from real-time quantitative PCR and Western blotting regarding potential mechanisms underlying the action of these key genes. RESULTS: The integrated analysis of sequencing data and bioinformatics revealed that LIMCH1 exhibited significantly reduced mRNA (P < 0.001) and protein levels (P < 0.01) in the oral squamous cell carcinoma tissues compared with normal control tissues. In the Cal27 cells, the low LIMCH1 level group demonstrated a larger wound healing area within 24 hours than the control group (P < 0.01), enhanced proliferation capacity over 72 hours relative to the control group (P < 0.01), and an increased apoptosis rate within 24 hours compared with the high expression group (P < 0.05). However, no significant differences were observed between the low and high level groups in DOK cells. Furthermore, it was determined that low LIMCH1 level correlated with poor prognosis in the patients (P=0.013) and a higher lymph node metastasis rate (P < 0.05). Investigations into the potential mechanisms of action indicated that LIMCH1 did not influence the onset or progression of oral squamous cell carcinoma via the epithelial-mesenchymal transition pathway. CONCLUSION LIMCH1 level may function as a promising biomarker to aid in the prognostic assessment of oral squamous cell carcinoma; however, its precise mechanistic role requires further investigation.
Humans ; Mouth Neoplasms/metabolism* ; Prognosis ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/metabolism* ; Biomarkers, Tumor/metabolism* ; LIM Domain Proteins/metabolism* ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cell Proliferation ; Male ; Female

OBJECTIVE To analyse the prognosis and laryngeal function retention of patients undergoing minimally invasive and open surgery after induction chemotherapy.METHODS The clinical data of 54 hypopharyngeal carcinoma patients who received induction chemotherapy and underwent laryngeal preservation surgery in Beijing Tongren Hospital from 2016 to 2022 were retrospectively analyzed.The laryngeal function recovery and survival rate were compared between the two groups.RESULTS Twenty-eight patients underwent transoral minimally invasive surgery and 26 patients underwent partial laryngectomy and/or partial laryngectomy via external cervical approach.The 3-year survival rates of the two groups were 63%and 59%,respectively,and the difference was not statistically significant(P＞0.05).The differences were statistically significant(P＜0.05).CONCLUSION In patients with downstaged hypopharyngeal carcinoma after induction chemotherapy,the survival rate of transoral minimally invasive surgery is similar to that of open surgery,and the laryngeal function recovery of transoral minimally invasive surgery is better.

Objective To explore the characteristics and correlation of the chin and airway in females with skeletal Class Ⅱ mandibular retraction for reference for clinical diagnosis and therapy.Methods This study was approved by the hospital Medical Ethics Committee.Forty cases of skeletal Class Ⅱ mandibular retraction adult females with aver-age angle were selected as the research group,and sixty cases of skeletal Class Ⅰ patients with average angle were se-lected as the control group.Cone-beam computed tomography(CBCT)images for all subjects were analyzed using three-dimensional modeling software.Measurements included the chin morphology,position,and upper airway morphology.Results Compared with skeletal Class Ⅰ patients,patients with skeletal Class Ⅱ mandibular retraction had smaller an-terior chin thickness,base bone volume,chin total volume,and larger chin angle,chin depression,chin curvature,and alveolar area with statistically significant differences(P＜0.05).Gn-V,Gn-H,Po-NB distance,and facial angle were smaller,and the Y-axis angle was larger in patients with skeletal Class Ⅱ mandibular retraction with statistically signifi-cant differences(P＜0.05).Upper airway total volume,transverse and sagittal diameter of the glossopharynx upper boundary were smaller in patients with skeletal Class Ⅱ mandibular retraction with statistically significant differences(P＜0.05).The correlation analysis between the morphology and position of the chin and the morphology of the upper airway in patients with Class Ⅱ mandibular retraction showed that there was a negative correlation between chin angle and laryngopharynx length in patients with Class Ⅱ mandibular retraction(r=-0.277,P＜0.01).There was a negative correlation between Po-NB distance and palatopharyngeal length(r=-0.222,P＜0.05).Chin height(r=-0.261,P＜0.01)and basal bone area(r=-0.225,P＜0.05)were negatively correlated with the transverse diameter of the palato-pharyngeal upper boundary.The minimum chin thickness(r=0.245,P＜0.05),chin angle(r=0.249,P＜0.05),and al-veolar area(r=0.213,P＜0.05)were positively correlated with the sagittal diameter of the palatopharyngeal upper boundary.Gn-V(r=0.217,P＜0.05)and Po-NB distance(r=0.208,P＜0.05)were positively correlated with the trans-verse diameter of the glossopharynx upper boundary.Anterior chin thickness was negatively correlated with the sagittal diameter of the laryngopharynx upper boundary(r=-0.211,P＜0.05).Chin depression was negatively correlated with the sagittal diameter of the laryngopharynx lower boundary(r=-0.237,P＜0.05).Chin curvature was positively corre-lated with the transverse diameter of the laryngopharynx lower boundary(r=0.231,P＜0.05).Conclusion Patients with skeletal Class Ⅱ mandibular retraction exhibit thinner chins.The sagittal position of the chin is backward,and the vertical position is upward.Patients with skeletal Class Ⅱ mandibular retraction have a narrow glossopharyngeal airway.There is a correlation between the morphology and position of the chin and the morphology of the upper airway in pa-tients with Class Ⅱ mandibular retraction.

Osteoarthritis （OA）， rheumatoid arthritis （RA）， gouty arthritis （GA）， and intervertebral disc degeneration （IVDD） are the most common bone and joint-related diseases in clinical practice. They can all affect related joints， leading to joint pain， swelling， dysfunction， and other symptoms. The difference is that OA is mainly caused by joint wear and age-related degradation and is manifested as joint pain， stiffness， and limited movement. RA is an autoimmune disease， manifested as joint pain， swelling， morning stiffness， and systemic symptoms. GA is caused by abnormal uric acid metabolism， manifested as acute arthritis， and IVDD is caused by intervertebral disc degeneration. Studies have shown that the mechanism of the occurrence and development of these bone and joint diseases is extremely complex. Pyroptosis is closely related to these bone and joint-related diseases by participating in bone and joint inflammation， cartilage metabolism imbalance， extracellular matrix degradation， and pathological damage of bone and joint. Inhibition of bone and joint-related pyroptosis will effectively prevent and treat bone and joint-related diseases. At the same time， many studies have confirmed that traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） has a prominent curative effect and obvious advantages in the prevention and treatment of bone and joint-related diseases. TCM can reduce the inflammatory reaction of bone and joints， improve the pathological damage of bone and joint diseases， and relieve bone and joint pain by inhibiting pyroptosis. Therefore， this article aims to briefly explain the relationship between pyroptosis and the occurrence and development of bone and joint-related diseases and summarize the latest research reports on the intervention of pyroptosis in the treatment of bone and joint-related diseases by TCM monomers， TCM extracts， and TCM compounds. It offers new ideas for the in-depth study of the pathogenesis and drug treatment of bone and joint diseases and provides a basis for the clinical use of TCM to prevent and treat bone and joint diseases.

Objective:To explore the efficacy and safety of the modified VIALE-A regimen in the treatment of elderly (>75 years old) patients with intermediate or high risk myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS).Methods:A retrospective case series analysis was conducted. Clinical data were collected from 7 MDS patients aged >75 years who were continuously treated with the modified VIALE-A regimen (azacytidine 75 mg/m 2 per day from day 1 to day 7 + venetoclax 200 mg per day from day 8 to day 28) from May 2021 to August 2023, and the patients were diagnosed according to the World Health Organization 2016 staging criteria and were determined to be at intermediate or high risk according to the revised International Prognostic Scoring System. The patients' efficacy and common adverse reactions were analyzed, and the Kaplan-Meier method was used for survival analysis. Results:Of the 7 patients, 5 were female and 2 were male; the median age [ M ( Q1, Q3)] was 84 years old (80 years old, 90 years old). One patient failed the initial treatment, and the remaining 6 achieved complete remission or complete remission in bone marrow after induction therapy with the modified VIALE-A regimen in 1-2 courses. By the follow-up cut-off date of December 31st, 2023, the median follow-up was 10 months (5 months, 18 months) and the median overall survival time was 18 months (95% CI: 0-39 months). Grade 3-4 myelosuppression occurred in all 7 patients during the induction phase, with granulocytopenia lasting 7-10 d; Of the 64 courses of maintenance treatment, 54 (84%) had grade 1-3 myelosuppression; non-hematologic adverse reactions were mild; no treatment interruptions occurred in the cumulative 73 courses. Conclusions:The modified VIALE-A regimen is moderately efficacious in elderly patients with intermediate or high risk MDS, with controllable adverse reactions.

Objective:To understand the epidemiological characteristics of mpox epidemic in Guangzhou and provide scientific evidence for the prevention and control of the disease.Methods:Based on the mpox surveillance system in Guangzhou, suspected mpox cases with fever and rash were reported by local hospitals at all levels to centers for disease control and prevention in Guangzhou for sampling, investigation and diagnosis. Descriptive epidemiological analysis was conducted on the clinical characteristics and treatment of the mpox cases and positive detection rate reported in Guangzhou as of 24:00 on June 23. Whole genome sequencing of the virus isolates was performed using Illumina Miniseq high-throughput sequencing platform.Results:The first mpox case in Guangzhou was reported on June 10 in 2023. As of 24:00 on June 23, a total of 25 confirmed mpox cases were reported. All the mpox cases were men with a M( Q1, Q3) of 32 (26, 36) years, the majority of the cases were MSM (96.0%). The main clinical features were rash (100.0%, 25/25), lymphadenectasis (100.0%, 25/25) and fever (52.0%, 13/25). Rash usually occurred near the genitals (88.0%, 22/25). The close contacts, mainly family members (40.4%, 23/57), showed no similar symptoms, such as fever or rash. The positive rate of mpox virus in household environment samples was 30.5%. The analyses on 3 complete gene sequences of mpox virus indicated that the strains belonged to West African type Ⅱb clade, B.1.3 lineage. Conclusions:Hidden transmission of mpox virus had occurred in MSM in Guangzhou. However, the size of affected population is relatively limited, and the possibility of wide spread of the virus is low.

Humans ; Head and Neck Neoplasms/therapy*

Increasing evidences suggest the important role of calcium homeostasis in hallmarks of cancer, but its function and regulatory network in metastasis remain unclear. A comprehensive investigation of key regulators in cancer metastasis is urgently needed. Transcriptome sequencing (RNA-seq) of primary esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) and matched metastatic tissues and a series of gain/loss-of-function experiments identified potassium channel tetramerization domain containing 4 (KCTD4) as a driver of cancer metastasis. KCTD4 expression was found upregulated in metastatic ESCC. High KCTD4 expression is associated with poor prognosis in patients with ESCC and contributes to cancer metastasis in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, KCTD4 binds to CLIC1 and disrupts its dimerization, thus increasing intracellular Ca²⁺ level to enhance NFATc1-dependent fibronectin transcription. KCTD4-induced fibronectin secretion activates fibroblasts in a paracrine manner, which in turn promotes cancer cell invasion via MMP24 signaling as positive feedback. Furthermore, a lead compound K279-0738 significantly suppresses cancer metastasis by targeting the KCTD4‒CLIC1 interaction, providing a potential therapeutic strategy. Taken together, our study not only uncovers KCTD4 as a regulator of calcium homeostasis, but also reveals KCTD4/CLIC1-Ca²⁺-NFATc1-fibronectin signaling as a novel mechanism of cancer metastasis. These findings validate KCTD4 as a potential prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target for ESCC.

Objective: In this study, black tea and Citrus maxima (BT-CM), yellow tea and C. maxima (YT-CM), green tea and C. maxima (GT-CM) as subjects, the active ingredient content and antioxidant activity of three tea and C. maxima (T-CM) were analyzed. The effects of three T-CMs on apoptosis of liver cells in vitro and its mechanism were further explored. Methods: National standard method and HPLC were used for active ingredient analysis. MTT, cell flow cytometry and Western blot were used to analyze the effects of three T-CMs on cell proliferation, apoptosis, and its underlying molecular mechanism. Results: The content of tea polyphenols, free amino acids, ratio of polyphenols and amino acids, ester catechins, non-ester catechins and caffeine in YT-CM and GT-CM was significantly higher than that of BT-CM. The in vitro antioxidant capacity of YT-CM and GT-CM was also significantly stronger than that of BT-CM. Three T-CMs had the effects of inhibiting proliferation, arresting cell cycle and inducing apoptosis in HepG2 and Bel7402 cells, especially YT-CM and GT-CM. Western blot analysis showed three T-CMs activated PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway and regulated the expression levels of apoptosis-related proteins Bax, Bcl-2 and Caspase-3/9. YT-CM and GT-CM had better ability to change the signal pathway than BT-CM. Conclusion: In short, T-CMs, which combined different degrees of fermentation tea with C. maxima, were rich in nutrients and biologically active substances. T-CMs, especially YT-CM and GT-CM, are healthy drinks that help to prevent and treat liver cancer.