[Objective]To study diagnosis and treatment of insidious infection after the internal fixation of long bone fracture.[Method]Thirteen patients with insidious infection after internal fixation of long bone fracture were treated with irrigation after debridment. Among the 13 cases 8 fractures were dislodged internal fixation and then were fixed with the external fixation. 5 fractures were remained the internal fixation and were instilled after debridment. All of the patients were given with antibiotics for 2～3 weeks after operation.[Result]All the 13 patients were followed up. The follow-ranged from 8 to 48 months with an average of 23.5 months. Among the thirteen patients 11 fractured-bone had bony union, one nonunion and one case had fistula, Infection relapsed in two patients.[Conclusion]Bone defects, fracture nonunion often occur on patients who have insidious infection after internal fixation of long bone fracture. These patients need to be operated. In slight infections fracture can be remained after debridement. Fractures with seriously infectious have to dislodge internal fixation and to be fixed with made according to its radiographic changes.

Objective:To study the role of IL-2,IL-4,IL-6,IL-10,IL-13 and IFN? in pathogenesis of human tumor.Methods:The gene expression of 6 cytokines in human tumor cell lines and specimens were detected by RT-PCR or RNA dot hybridization.Results: There were predominant expression of Th2 type cytokines in 183 different human tumor cell lines and specimens.The positive rate of IL-4,IL-6,IL-10,IL-13 .IFN? and IL-2 in 183 tumor cell lines and specimens were 65%,70.5%,83.6%,61.7%, 12.6% and 22.9%,respectively.Conclusion: Predominant expression of Th2 type cytokines play an important role in the pathogenesis and development of tumor, may be related to the evasion of tumor cells from immune surveillance.

The completion of sequencing human genome creates a new era of biological science and technology. Although the sequence of the human genome has been known, it is still hard to rapidly explore the whole functional genes, especially, their interaction with each other and the meaning to the body. However, the "reverse biology" which comes into being in the recent years provides us a series of novel ideas and technologies for discovering new functional gene, among which the immune-related genes have attracted more attentions, clarifying how functional gene works and their potential value in application.

Sick sinus syndrome (SSS) is a disease of multiple arrhythmias and symptoms.It has great impact on patients in the quality of life for the symptoms of high incidence.The asynchrony of myocardial electromechanical movement caused by the SSS electrophysiological changes are focused.The ultrasound can not only observe the electrical physiological activity,but also measure the mechanical movement caused by electrophysiological delay.The research progresses of ultrasound in quantitative evaluation of myocardial function in SSS patients was reviewed in this article.

Objective To compare the retromolar space (RMS) between different antero-posterior (A-P) skeletal patterns, and explore the relationship between the status of third molar eruption/impaction with the different A-P skeletal patterns. Methods A total of 90 orthodontic patients (25-35 years old) were investigated from dental pantomograms (DPTs) and lateral cephalograms (LC). The subjects were divided into three groups according to their ANB angle:skeletal classⅠ, skeletal classⅡ, and skeletal classⅢ. Each group was subdivided into impacted and erupted subgroups. Values of DPT and LC were traced, and the following variables were measured including mandibular body length, third molar angulation and ret-romolar space width. Results The retromolar space width was significantly smaller in classⅡsubjects than that in classⅢsubjects, and RMS was significantly smaller in impacted group than that in erupted group, respectively (P<0.05). There was no significant difference in the mandibular angle in erupted subgroup (P<0.05). There was a smaller mandibular body length in impacted subjects (P<0.05). Conclusion There is a relationship between different morphological characteristics of sagittal skeletal pattern and the impacted status. Patients with shorter mandibular body length and decreased RMS width are more inclined to impaction.

Objective:To evaluate the uncertainty in the determination of lamotrigine(LTG)in human plasma by LC-MS/ MS. Methods:The uncertainty sources in the determination of LTG were analyzed and the uncertainty was evaluated and combined. Re-sults:The expanded uncertainty of LTG at low(0. 050 4 μg· ml - 1 )and high(1. 27 μg· ml - 1 )concentrations was 0. 005 18 μg· ml - 1 and 0. 066 4 μg· ml - 1 ,respectively(P = 95% ,k = 2). Conclusion:The uncertainty in the determination of LTG in human plasma by LC-MS/ MS is mainly caused by the protein precipitation recovery,matrix effect and sample preparation at low concentration, and by the matrix effect,sample preparation and repeatability at high concentration.

Objective To explore whether the antagonistic effect of decorin (DCN)on progression of glomeruloselerosis is associated with the inhibition of the expression of type I and type II transforming growth factor-? receptors (TGF-?R I and TGF-?R II )in mesangial cells (MsC). Methods RT-RCR and Western blot analysis were used to detect the expression of TGF-?R I and TGF-?R II mRNA and their proteins on cultured rat MsC stimulated by exogenous TGF-?1. Lipofectin-mediated method was used to transfect DCN vector into MsC. After screening and identifying of transfected MsC, RT-PCR and Western blot analysis were adapted to detect the changes of TGF-?R I and TGF-?R II expression respectively. Results The expression of TGF-?R I and TGF-?R II mRNA and their proteins on normal MsC stimulated by exogenous TGF-?1 increased in time-dependent manner and reached the peak at 24th hour. Compared with normal and untransfected MsC (1P-1), the mRNA and protein expression of TGF-?R I and TGF-?R II on MsC (3D-5, 7D-1) transfecled by DCN gene decreased significantly, and DCN gene transfection could antagonize the increase of mRNA and protein expression of both receptors caused by exogenous TGF-?1. Conclusions The expression of both TGF-?R I and TGF-?R II decreases obviously in MsC overexpressing DCN gene, which may be one of the importan antagonistic mechanisms of decorin involved in the development of glomeruloselerosis mediated by TGF-?.

Objective To explore the inhibitory effect of decorin(DCN) on rat mesangial cell (MsC) growth and on the expression of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) and p21 protein. Methods Lipofectin-mediated method was used to transfect DCN vector into MsC. After the screen and identification of transfected MsC, DCN-containing supernatant was collected and added into the culture medium of normal MsC, then flow cytometer was used to detect the cell cycle. Western blot analysis was used to explore the changes of MAPK and p21 protein. Immunofluorescence was adapted to detect the expression of p21 on cultured MsC. Results Compared with normal MsC, the number of G2-M cells treated with DCN-containing supernatant decreased to 35%(P

Objective To investigate the factors related to choice of community health service centers (CHSCs) in standardized training general practitioners (GPs) in Shanghai.Methods Totally 152 GPs,(including those of Traditional Chinese Medicine) who completed the residency training in 2013 and signed employment contract with community in Shanghai were surveyed with a self-designed questionnaire.Results Among all the participants,113 (74.3％) attached the greatest importance to the salary level when choosing CHSC,58 (38.2％) expected annual salary more than 120 000 Yuan during the first 3 years.GPs tended to work in the city center(40.1％) or CHSCs near to their home(38.2％),mainly because of the job commuting (59.9％).Considering career development,the CHSCs with high level comprehensive service (51.3％) and with large population (5.0％) were more attractive.GPs paid more attention to the national demonstration community (57.2％) and CHSCs with member ofShanghai outstanding young physician training program(51.7％).In this survey,household register was the main influencing factor for choosing CHSCs,Shanghai natives paid more attention to the location of the community than those not Shanghai natives (61.8％ vs.34.2％),more inclined to CHSCs that close to their house (55.3％ vs.21.1％),non-Shanghai natives preferred authorized strength (51.3％ vs.28.9％).GPs of Western medicine expected higher salary than GPs of TCM (x2 =13.648,P ＜ 0.05),Males expected higher salary than females (x2 =7.799,P ＜ 0.05),Conclusions GPs pay the most attention on salaries and tend to work in the city central area,prefer CHSC with high level comprehensive service and large served population.The main factor influencing GPs to chose CHSCs is the household register,the category of Gps and gender.