Objective To establish the determination of Dehydroandrographolide in Ganmaoqing Capsule. MethodsThe determination was carried out by HPLC with a KromasilC-18 column(250 mm ×4.6 mm,5μm),methanol-water(65:35)severed as the mobile phase,the speed was 1mL/min and the detection wavelength was at 254 nm. ResultsDehydroandrographolide showed a good linear relationship at the range of 0.04872 μg ～0.38976 μg(r2 =0.9995,n= 8);The average recovery of Dehydroandrographolide was 100.1%(RSD= 2.92%). ConclusionHPLC method was sensitive,accurate,reproducible,specific and could be used for quality control of Ganmaoqing Capsule efficiently.

Objective: To investigate the role of aldehyde dehydrogenase-2 (ALDH-2) for regulating human endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) oxidative stress reaction and its mechanism. Methods: Human EPCs were isolated from peripheral blood of healthy adults and the cells were cultured in 4 groups:①Blank control group,②Alda-1 group, the cells were treated by 1μmol/L Alda-1, a speciifc activator of ALDH-2,③tBHP (10μg/ml) group and④Alda-1 pretreatment+tBHP group. EPCs reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels were evaluated by DCFH-DA staining, mitochondrial membrane potentials were detected by JC-1 method, migration capacity was measured by transwell chamber method and the activation of p38 signal pathway was examined by Western blot analysis. Results: Compared with Blank control group, ROS levels in tBHP group and Alda-1 pretreatment+tBHP group were (441.7 ± 24.8) % and (237.4 ± 12.0) %, allP<0.05. In Blank control group, tBHP group and Alda-1 pretreatment+tBHP group, the proportion of EPCs lost their mitochondrial membrane potentials were (5.7 ± 2.1) %, (81.7 ± 3.7) % and (37.4 ± 3.2) % respectively, allP<0.05; the number of EPCs migration were (108 ± 9)/HP, (22 ± 4)/HP and (67 ± 7)/HP respectively, allP<0.05. Compared with Blank control group, the activation of p38 signal pathway increased to (259.1 ± 7.7) % in tBHP group, while it was reduced to (186.4 ± 8.0) % in Alda-1 pretreatment+tBHP group. Conclusion: ALDH-2 could reduce ROS level in human EPCs, it may decrease mitochondrial membrane damage, protect migration which might be related to p38 signal pathway.

Objective To investigate the effect of norepinephrine (NE) on the proliferation and migration capacity of endo‐thelial progenitor cells (EPCs) ,and bone marrow mobilization and to analyze its molecular mechanism .Methods The 8‐week old C57 mice were taken and randomly divided into 3 groups ,5 cases in each group :the blank control group(subcutaneous injection of normal saline without operaion) ,model group(subcutaneous injection of normal saline and ischemia in left lower extremity ) and NE group(subcutaneous injection of NE 100μmol/100 μL and ischemia in left lower extremity) .The limb ischemia model was prepared by adopting the femoral arterial ligation in mouse left lower extremity ,then NE was continuously pumped by the micro‐osmotic pump .The EPCs contents from bone marrow ,peripheral blood and spleen were assayed with the flow cytometric analyzer ;human peripheral blood EPCs were cultured and stimulated by NE .The proliferation and migration capacity ,and the activation situation of Akt and eNOS signal pathway were detected .Results NE could promote the mobilization of bone marrow EPCs in limb ischemia mice ,increased the EPCs quantity of peripheral blood and spleen ,comparing the NE group with the model group ,the EPCs quantity was increased for bone marrow [(3 .271 ± 0 .772)% vs .(1 .320 ± 0 .256)% ] ,peripheral circulation[(0 .261 ± 0 .041)% vs .(0 .110 ± 0 .028)% ] and spleen[(4 .671 ± 0 .345)% vs .(1 .880 ± 0 .0 .381)% ] ,the differences were statistically significant (P<0 .01) .NE could promote the proliferation and migration capacity ,moreover could activate the Akt‐eNOS signal pathway in EPCs with a dose dependent manner .Conclusion NE could promote the proliferation and migration of EPCs and mouse bone marrow mobilization via the Akt‐eNOS signal pathway .

Objective To study the effects of treating intracranial hypertension(ICP) with different dosage Mannitol alone or combined with Furosemide.Methods 60 patients with high ICP after all kinds of operations on cranium and brain were divided into 4 groups according to the dosage of Mannitol alone or combined with Furosemide: 0.5 g/kg Mannitol(group A),1.0 g/kg Mannitol(group B),0.5 g/kg Mannitol and 20 mg Furosemide(group C),1.0 g/kg Mannitol and 20 mg Furosemide(group D).The effective power,rebound ratio,average effective time,average amplitude of decreasing ICP,plasma osmolarity and renal function were evaluated by monitoring intracranial pressure.Results In response of the effective power,rebound ratio of ICP and average effective time,groups C and D were more noticeable than groups A and B(all(P

Objective To study the preventive effect of recombinant streptokinase (r-SK) on cerebral vasospasm (CVS) after subarachnoid hemorrhage(SAH).Methods Rabbit models of SAH were made by double blood injection into cisterna magna. A tube was inserted into lateral ventricle after 24 h. In group treating one, 1.25 mg r-SK were injected into lateral ventricle, and the tube was opened for drainage after closed 6 h, and then 6 h later, injection, closed pipe and drainage were recycled for another 2 times. In the group SAH , 1 ml normal saline (NS) was injected into lateral ventricle, and then the way was the same as group treating one. In group treating two, 3.75 mg r-SK were injected for once. 6 h, 12 h ,1 d, 3 d, 5 d and 7 d later, 1 ml CSF was drained from the lateral ventricle in groups SAH , treating one and treating two ,respectively. The level of OxyHb in CSF was detected, angiograms of basilar artery(BA) were performed before and after 7 d of SAH,calculation the rate of calibre and histological examinations were also performed. Results (1)The level of OxyHb in CSF of group SAH was increased gradually while decreased in groups treating one and treating two. Compared with group SAH, the levels of OxyHb were significant lower in groups treating one and treating two at 1～7 d after administration(P

The regional blood flow measurement (RBFM)of lenghtened limb with a peripheral circulation mesuremnt system was carried ou t in 20 rabbits after their tibia was lengthened in different lengthening rates.It was found that whenever a limb was lengthened with a rate over 1 mm/day,the RBFM of the lengthened limb decreased rapidly and returned to preoperative level 8 hours later.It is believed that the vascular and muscular tissues of a limb possess good adaptive capcity to the lengthening rate of 1 mm/day,When the lengthening rate exceeds 1 mm/day,it is liable to result in a significant re-duct of regional blood flow,and then atrophy and weakening of the muscles will occur.

Objective: To investigate the effect of F.nucleatum(Fn) and P. gingivalis(Pg) on soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1(sICAM-1) in peri-implant sulcular fluid(PISF).Methods: PCR was used to detect microorganism samples from PISF. According to detection of Fn and Pg, 51 titanium implants in 32 partly edentulous patients were divided into 3 groups. Clinical parameters included PD, mPLI and sICAM-1. Periopaper strips were used to collect PISF and an ELISA technique was applied to measure the levels of sICAM-1. Results: PD was significantly greater in the patients with Pg and/or Fn than that in those without Pg or Fn (P

Objective To summary indications and treatment results of operation and endovascular interventional therapy for intracranial aneurysms. Methods From 1992 to 2003 , 345 cases of intracranial aneurysms were reviewed .We putted attention to condition of patients and the size, shape and site of aneurysms particulary. Angiography was requested in all patients at different times. Results 236 patients undergo clipping operation . 31 patients appeared operation complications. 6 patients with postoperative hemorrhage recepted surgical operation again.9 cases died.3 patients were reoperated because of aneurysm clips translatory. 103 cases were embolized by microcoil.4 cases suffered transient aphasia after embolization, recovered after medical treatment. 1 patients died because of cerebral vessel spasm. 6 patients recepted medical treatment. Conclusions Operation is suitable for very small,gaint aneurysms which locate anterior circulation and indovascular interventional therapy for small, middle, big aneurysms. The result needs further long term follow-up study.

Objective To survey the employment intention of medical students in different universities in China.Methods A total of 1354 fourth-year or above medical students from 6 medical universities in China were selected for survey by random cluster sampling.A self-designed questionnaire was used to investigate the basic information of students and their employment intention.Results Overall 46.5％ (620/1333) of all students choose cities in economically-developed region as their desired working sites.45.5 ％ (363/797) of students studying in 4 Shanghai medical universities and 34.5％ (185/536) in other 2 non-Shanghai universities would first choose their original cities as working sites,respectively.81.3％ (1078/1326) of students preferred working in large public hospital,especially for those studying for higher degrees (88.0％,581/660).51％ of undergraduates expected 4000 RMB as monthly pay for graduation.Male students (54.6％,332/608) expected more income than female (47.9％,335/700),graduates (57.9％,377/651) expected higher payment than undergraduates (44.1％,290/657).Conclusion The survey shows that medical students in China mainly prefer cities and large public hospitals as working sites for their career development.

Oral lichen planus (OLP) is considered a T cell-mediated autoimmune disease with unknown aetiology. T helper cells appear to play an important role in the pathogenesis of OLP. We investigated the possible role of T helper cells, Th1 and Th17, in the lesions and circulation of patients with OLP. Forty patients with OLP and 15 healthy volunteers were recruited. Double immunofluorescence staining was used to detect Th1 and Th17 cells in the OLP lesions, and intracellular cytokine staining and flow cytometry to evaluate the proportion of Th1 and Th17 cells in peripheral blood. The levels of serum interferon (IFN)-γ and interleukin (IL)-17 were assessed by using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. It was found that Th17 cells, as well as Th1 cells, were present in OLP lesions. The proportion of peripheral Th1 and Th17 cells was significantly increased in patients with OLP. The proportion of Th17 cells in atrophic-erosive OLP was elevated as compared with that in reticular OLP. Serum IL-17 levels in OLP patients were significantly higher than in controls, and those in the atrophic-erosive OLP group were increased as compared with the reticular OLP group. However, the levels of serum IFN-γ were slightly decreased in OLP patients. Our data suggested that Th1 and Th17 cells in the local lesions and peripheral blood may be associated with the pathogenesis of OLP, and that IL-17 may be an important proinflammatory cytokine in OLP. These findings enhance our understanding of OLP pathogenesis.