Objective To explore the influence of self-efficacy health education on marriage quality and mental state of patients with gynecological tumor.Methods Totals of 86 patients with gynecologic cancer in our hospital from May 2010 to May 2013 were selected as the research objects and were divided into the observation group and the control group, with 43 patients in each group.The control group was given routine health education, while patients in the observation group were given enhanced self-efficacy health education based on the routine health education.After six months, self-efficacy health education, self-efficacy scale, marriage quality scale and depression scale were compared between the two groups.Results After six months, the scores of self-efficacy of the observation group and the control group were (29.14 ±6.12) and (22.76 ±6.27), respectively, which were significantly different (t=4.716,P<0.05).The scores of marriage quality of equal roles, exchange between husband and wife, sexual life and marriage satisfaction in the observation group were (37.39 ±5.67), (35.41 ±6.06), (38.19 ±5.73) and (37.52 ±5.49), which were significantly higher than those in the control group [(30.15 ±5.22), (28.47 ±5.87), (32.63 ±5.91) and (30.16 ±4.96)] (t=3.519, 4.117, 2.399, 4.826, respectively;P<0.05).The scores of Self-rating Depression Scale in the observation group and the control group were (47.87 ±5.02) and (55.54 ±4.95), respectively, which were significantly different (t=6.384,P<0.05).Conclusions Self-efficacy health education scheme can not only improve the marital quality of patients, but also effectively improve the psychological status of the patients, and it is worthy of clinical promotion.