Objective To study the correlation between serum thioredoxin 1(TRX-1)and nucleotide-bind-ing oligomerization domain-like receptor protein 3(NLRP3)expression levels and functional dyspepsia(FD)in children.Methods A total of 45 children with FD who were admitted to Shijiazhuang Maternal and Child Health Hospital from May 2022 to June 2023 were enrolled as the FD group.Another 40 healthy children were selected as the control group.Real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR was used to measure the expression lev-els of serum TRX-1 and NLRP3 mRNA.Spearman correlation analysis was used to analyze the correlation be-tween the expression levels of serum TRX-1 mRNA,NLRP3 mRNA and FD related scores.Multivariate Lo-gistic regression was used to analyze the influencing factors of FD.Results The expression levels of TRX-1 mRNA and NLRP3 mRNA in FD group were higher than those in control group(P＜0.05).The mild and moderate FD groups had significantly lower serum TRX-1 mRNA and NLRP3 mRNA expression levels than the severe FD group,and the mild FD group had significantly lower serum TRX-1 mRNA and NLRP3 mRNA expression levels than the moderate FD group(P＜0.05).The expression levels of TRX-1 mRNA and NLRP3 mRNA in serum were positively correlated with egigastric pain,abdominal distension or epigastric discomfort,nausea and vomiting(P＜0.05),but were not correlated with early satiety,loss of appetite or food intake,and belching(P＞0.05).The expression level of serum NLRP3 mRNA was positively correlated with the total score(P＜0.05),while the expression level of serum TRX-1 mRNA was not correlated with the total score(P＞0.05).The increased levels of serum TRX-1 mRNA and NLRP3 mRNA were independent risk factors for FD(P＜0.05).Conclusion The expression levels of TRX-1 and NLRP3 may play an important role in the pathogenesis of FD.

Objective To analyze the prevalence and risk factors of anemia in a general population in Kailuan.Methods Working and retired employees m Kailuan Company who had participated in biennial physical examination from 2006-2014 were investigated by questionnaire and blood test.Hemoglobin levels＜ 120 g/L in male and＜ 110 g/L in female are defined as anemia.The trend of prevalence of anemia was analyzed by chi square test.Multivariable logistic regression was used to analyze the factors associated with anemia.Results (1) The biennial prevalence of anemia in Kailuan during 2006-2014 were 3.7％,3.1％,2.4％,1.3％,1.5％.The corresponding proportion were 3.3％,2.3％,1.9％,0.8％,1.0％ in males and 5.3％,5.9％,4.2％,3.1％ and 3.3％ in females,respectively.The differences between males and females were statistically significant (all P＜0.05).The prevalence of anemia declined over time (P for trend＜0.05).(2) The results of multivariable logistic regression showed that aging and elevated hs-CRP were positively associated with anemia,with OR=1.01 (95％CI 1.01-1.02)and 1.03 (95％CI 1.02-1.03),respectively.While male,BMI,physical exercise,smoking,hyperlipidemia were negatively associated with anemia with OR=0.60(95％CI 0.55-0.65),0.99 (95％CI 0.98-0.99),0.91 (95％CI 0.82-0.98),0.87 (95％CI 0.81-0.95)and 0.87(95％CI0.81-0.94),respectively.Conclusions The prevalence of anemia in a large general population in Kailuan has been analyzed.Prevalence of anemia is higher in males than females and declines over time.Several demographic and clinical characteristics are associated with anemia.

Objective To investigate the changes and clinical significance of serum monocyte chemoattractant protein-1(MCP-1)and prostaglandin E2(PGE2)levels in children with functional dyspepsia(FD).Methods A retrospective study was conducted to enroll 89 FD children admitted from October 2022 to October 2023 as FD group,and 91 healthy children in the same period were se-lected as control group.The FD group was further divided into mild group(n=36),moderate group(n=33),and severe group(n=20)based on the severity of the disease.The serum levels of MCP-1 and PGE2 were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA).The severity of the disease was assessed by the Global Overall Symptom Score(GOSS),and gastric emptying was evaluated in all the children.Pearson and Spearman correlation analyses were performed to explore the correlations of serum MCP-1 and PGE2 levels with gastric half-emptying time and FD symptom scores.Results The serum MCP-1 level in the FD group was significantly higher than that in the control group,while the PGE2 level was significantly lower(P＜0.05).In the severe group,the serum MCP-1 level was significantly higher while the PGE2 level was significantly lower than that in the moderate and mild groups,and similar differences were significantly observed between the moderate and mild groups(P＜0.05).The gastric half-emptying time and postprandial 2-hour residual rate were significantly higher in the FD group than the control group(P＜0.05).Serum MCP-1 in FD children was posi-tively correlated with gastric half-emptying time and postprandial 2-hour residual rate(P＜0.05),while serum PGE2 was negatively correlated with these parameters(P＜0.05).Serum MCP-1 in FD children was significantly positively correlated with upper abdominal burning sensation,early satie-ty,belching,upper abdominal pain,and the total GOSS score(r=0.611,0.509,0.504,0.491,0.513;P＜0.05),while PGE2 was significantly negatively correlated with upper abdominal burn-ing sensation,early satiety,belching,upper abdominal pain,acid reflux,and GOSS total score(r=-0.516,-0.561,-0.493,-0.533,-0.497,-0.482;P＜0.05).Conclusion Ele-vated serum MCP-1 and decreased PGE2 levels in children with FD are closely related to the severity of the disease,gastric emptying,and some FD symptoms.

Objective To study the effects of Xiaosheng San(XSS, Xiaosheng Granules) on goblet cells of dry eyes in mice and evaluate its mechanism.Methods 180 male C57BL/6 mice were divided into six groups: normal control (group A), model (group B), saline (group C), XSS low-dose (group D), XSS medium-dose (group E) and high-dose (group F) groups.Dry eye model was established by injecting scopolamine subcutaneously at the base of rear legs in all groups except normal control group.Schirmer I test (SIT), tear break-up time (BUT),corneal fluorescent (FL) staining, and the number of conjunctival goblet cells before and after modeling, and at four weeks after intervention were measured.Results BUT, SIT,and number of goblet cells in group B, C, D, E,and F were significantly decreased after scopolamine treatment(P<0.05), while no significant difference (P>0.05) was found in group A.FL were significantly increased after model establishment (P<0.05).Medium-and high-dose XSS significantly improved SIT, BUT and the number of goblet cells in group E and F (P<0.05).No such changes were observed in group A, B and C (P>0.05).Conclusion Subcutaneous injecfion of scopolamine could effectively establish dry eye model in mice.Xiaosheng Granules could increase tear secretion, prolong tear break-up time, improve stability, inhibit apoptosis of goblet cells and reduce injury to eye surface.

Objective To investigate the changes and clinical significance of serum monocyte chemoattractant protein-1(MCP-1)and prostaglandin E2(PGE2)levels in children with functional dyspepsia(FD).Methods A retrospective study was conducted to enroll 89 FD children admitted from October 2022 to October 2023 as FD group,and 91 healthy children in the same period were se-lected as control group.The FD group was further divided into mild group(n=36),moderate group(n=33),and severe group(n=20)based on the severity of the disease.The serum levels of MCP-1 and PGE2 were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA).The severity of the disease was assessed by the Global Overall Symptom Score(GOSS),and gastric emptying was evaluated in all the children.Pearson and Spearman correlation analyses were performed to explore the correlations of serum MCP-1 and PGE2 levels with gastric half-emptying time and FD symptom scores.Results The serum MCP-1 level in the FD group was significantly higher than that in the control group,while the PGE2 level was significantly lower(P＜0.05).In the severe group,the serum MCP-1 level was significantly higher while the PGE2 level was significantly lower than that in the moderate and mild groups,and similar differences were significantly observed between the moderate and mild groups(P＜0.05).The gastric half-emptying time and postprandial 2-hour residual rate were significantly higher in the FD group than the control group(P＜0.05).Serum MCP-1 in FD children was posi-tively correlated with gastric half-emptying time and postprandial 2-hour residual rate(P＜0.05),while serum PGE2 was negatively correlated with these parameters(P＜0.05).Serum MCP-1 in FD children was significantly positively correlated with upper abdominal burning sensation,early satie-ty,belching,upper abdominal pain,and the total GOSS score(r=0.611,0.509,0.504,0.491,0.513;P＜0.05),while PGE2 was significantly negatively correlated with upper abdominal burn-ing sensation,early satiety,belching,upper abdominal pain,acid reflux,and GOSS total score(r=-0.516,-0.561,-0.493,-0.533,-0.497,-0.482;P＜0.05).Conclusion Ele-vated serum MCP-1 and decreased PGE2 levels in children with FD are closely related to the severity of the disease,gastric emptying,and some FD symptoms.