Objective To study the expression of survivin and its relationship with the proliferative activity in hepatocellular carcinoma.Methods Using immunohistochemistry ABC methods, the expression of survivin and PCNA were evaluated in 31 hepatocellular carcinoma, 8 cirrhosis of liver and 4 normal livers tissues.Results No expression of survivin were detected in normal livers and cirrhosis of liver. In contrast, survivin protein was expressed in 19 of 31 patients with HCC(61.3%). When compared with normal livers and cirrhosis of liver, hepatocellular carcinoma had significantly more frequencies of survivin expression(P

ObjectiveTo investigate the value of ultrasonography in the diagnosis of the papillary thyroid microcarcinoma (PTMC) in patients with Hashimoto’s thyroiditis (HT).MethodsThis retrospective study used data from Ruijin Hospital of Shanghai Jiaotong University of Medicine during November 2012 to December 2013. A total of 111 small thyroid nodules (75 PTMC/36 benign nodules) with 107 HT cases which were pathologically conifrmed were included in this study. The sonographic characteristics of nodules were investigated, including nodule aspect ratio, shape, border, margin, acoustic halo, internal structure, echo level, microcalciifcations, rear acoustic attenuation, vascular pattern and extent of the blood supply and the types of thyroid tissue echogenicity. Chi-square test and Fisher′s exact probability method was used to compare the differences of the sonographic characteristics between the benign nodules and malignant nodules. With surgical pathology as the gold standard, computing the value of ultrasonography in the diagnosis of PTMC with HT, including the sensitivity, speciifcity, diagnostic accuracy, positive predictive value and negative predictive value.ResultsA total of 111 thyroid tiny nodules (75 PTMC/36 benign nodules) with 107 HT cases which were pathologically conifrmed were included in this study. The results showed 111 small thyroid nodules as solid hypoechoic. Four indexes between PTMC and benign nodules had statistical signiifcance, such as margin, microcalciifcations, vascular pattern and extent of the blood supply. The other six indexes between PTMC and benign nodules had no statistical significance, such as aspect ratio, shape, border, acoustic halo, rear acoustic attenuation and the types of thyroid tissue echogenicity. Ultrasound diagnostic accuracy of small tyroid nodules in patients with HT was 74.77% (83/111). The sensitivity, specificity, diagnostic accuracy, positive predictive value and negative predictive value of the ultrasound diagnosis of PTMC were 93.33% (70/75), 36.11% (13/36), 74.77% (83/111), 75.27% (70/93), and 72.22% (13/18), respectively.ConclusionsCompared with general population, some classic ultrasound features became less effective in patients with HT. However, ultrasonography has some differential diagnostic value in these cases.

Objective To investigate the effect of rosiglitazone on the CD4+regulatory T cells in the patients with latent autoimmune diabetes in adults(LADA).Methods The CIM+T cells from IADA patients were isolated with anti-CD4-dynal magnetic beads.The expression of Foxp3 mRNA,along with peroxisome proliferators activator receptors gamma(PPARγ)mRNA and TGF-131 mRNA was determined.The effect of rosiglitazone on CD4+T cells was measured,after treated with rosiglitazone for 48 h.Cell viability was assessed by Mtit assay.The proliferation was assayed with 3 H-TdR.Two-color staining(anti-CD4,anti-CD25)flow cytometric analysis was employed to measure the percentage of CD4+CD25+T cells of Deriph eral blood.Resuits PPARγmRNA was expressed in peripheral CD4+T lymphocytes.RosiglitazoBe inhibited phytohemagglutinin(PHA)-induced human CD4+T cell proliferation in dose dependence.The percentage of CD4+CD25+T cells showed no significant change after the peripheral blood culture with 1 μmol/Land 10μmot/L rosiglitazone.10 μmol/L of rosiglitazone induced Foxp3 mRNA expression in vitro (3.27fold,P<0.05),whereas TGF-β1 mRNA expression did not change.Furthermore,only 1 μmol/L of rosiglitazone could promote Foxp3 mRNA expression if adding IL-2(10 U/m1)in cultures(3.48 fold.P

Objective · To study the electrophysiological effect of (S)-OTS·HCl on the heart. Methods · The conventional intracellular recording, electrocardiograph (ECG) and Langendorff cardiac perfusion technique were employed to investigate the effect of (S)-OTS·HCl on in-vivo and in-vitro hearts of guinea pigs and rabbits. Results · (S)-OTS·HCl could bind to M2 muscarinic receptors and dose-dependently prolong the RR intervals significantly in vivo. It had no effect on resting potential (RP), action potential amplitude (APA), and maximum upstroke velocity of phase 0 (Vmax) of ventricular myocytes. Instead, 1×10-5 mol/L (S)-OTS·HCl could shorten the action potential duration at 50 percent repolarization (APD50) and APD90 to 91.6% and 90.9%, respectively. And the spontaneous depolarization rate of phase 4 (SDR) of sinus nodes was reduced to its 13.7% when rabbit sinus nodes were exposed to 1×10-7 mol/L (S)-OTS·HCl. (S)-OTS·HCl could inhibit Ca2+channel effectively. It decreased APA and Vmax of sinus nodes and attenuated the cardiac contractility in vitro. Conclusion · (S)-OTS·HCl is a potent cholinergic agonist and has negative chronotropic, dromotropic, and inotropic effects on hearts via binding to M2 muscarinic receptors.

To train medical students' clinical thinking ability is an important aspect of clinical probation practice and also the common goal of dermartology probation training. This article analyzes the problems around the cultivation of clinical thinking ability during probation practice in our department,and proposes the corresponded measures to improve it.

Objective To observe the morphology of embryonic stem cell-derived neurons after transplanted into A?-injured rat hippocampus. Methods Neural precursor cells (NPCs) were generated from mouse embryonic stem cells (ESCs) expressing EGFP with modified serum-free methods and then transplanted into the hippocampus of A?1-40-injuried rats. The morphology, neurotransmitter phenotypes and receptors of EGFP-positive donor cells were observed with immunofluorescene methods. Results The engrafted NPCs survived and differentiated into glutamatergic and GABAergic neurons and expressed both glutamatergic and GABAergic neurotransmitter receptors. Synaptophysin-positive dots were found surrounding somata and dendrites of transplanted neurons, suggesting the presence of presynaptic terminals adjacent to their membranes. Conclusion NPCs derived from ESCs can differentiate into excitatory and inhibitory neurons after grafted into Alzheimer's disease model rats, and maybe form synapse with the host neurons.

[ABSTRACT]AIM:Toinvestigatetheeffectsofmechanicalstretchontransientoutwardpotassiumcurrent(Ito), inward rectifier potassium current ( IK1 ) and action potential duration ( APD) of cultured neonatal rat atrial myocytes . METHODS:Neonatal rat atrial myocytes were isolated and cultured on silicone sheeting with or without stretch for 24 h. The silicone membrane area was increased by 12%in stretched group.The cells without stretch served as control .Ito, IK1 and APD were recorded by the technique of whole-cell patch clamp.RESULTS:Compared with control group, Ito density in stretched myocytes was significantly reduced [(1.6 ±0.4) pA/pF vs (12.1 ±2.9) pA/pF, P<0.01], whereas IK1 density was increased [(-10.8 ±0.8) pA/pF vs (-8.8 ±0.9) pA/pF, P<0.01].The APDs at 50%and 90%levels of repolarization ( APD50 and APD90 ) in the stretched cells were obviously decreased than those in non-stretched cells [(10.5 ±1.4) ms vs (15.5 ±2.4) ms, (30.0 ±2.8) ms vs (56.3 ±3.6) ms, P<0.01].CONCLUSION: Stretch stimulation leads to the reduction of Ito density, the increase in IK1 density and the shortness of APD in cultured rat atrial neonatal myocytes , which may contribute to atrial electrical remodeling induced by pressure overload .

Two isolation methods for sorting of endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs): from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and CD133(+) enriched cells were compared, by defining the cell morphology, phenotype, reproductive activities and function in vitro, to provide a reference for clinical application of EPCs. PBMCs from healthy subjects were used either directly for cell culture or for CD133(+) sorting. The two groups of cells were cultured in complete medium 199 (M199) for 7 to 14 days and the phenotypes of EPCs were analyzed by FACS. The proliferation of differentiated EPCs was studied by MTT assay, and the VEGF concentration was measured using an ELISA kit. ECM gel experiment and migration assay were performed in vivo. The results showed that PBMCs produced more colony-forming units (CFU) than CD133(+) enriched cells from the same volume of blood (P<0.01). From day 7 to 14, the two groups showed decreased expression of hematopoietic stem cell markers and increased level of endothelial markers, but CD144(+) cells in CD133(+) group were less than in PBMCs group (P<0.01). PBMCs group secreted more VEGF than CD133(+) group on the day 7 (P<0.01). As compared with CD133(+) group, PBMCs group had more potent potential of proliferation and vascularization in vitro. It was concluded that CD133(+) sorted cells showed a lower capacity of differentiation, secretion, proliferation and vascularization in vitro, suggesting that CD133-negative cells may be a preferential way to get EPCs for clinical therapy.

This study investigated the "homing" phenomenon in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The "homing" specificity of endothelial progenitor cells (EPC) by establishing an orthotopic implantation model in nude mice. EPCs harvested from the marrow cells were separated by density gradient centrifugation. Fluorescence microscope, flow cytometry (FCM) and double fluorescence staining with FITC-UEA-I and DiI-ac-LDL, were employed to identify the cells. 4',6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI) labelling and real-time PCR were used for detecting the expression of CD133 and chemokines to trace and observe the distribution of EPCs. Our results showed that the distribution rate of EPCs was obviously higher than that in other important organs and the negative control group. Detection of CD133 and chemokines yielded similar results in difference tissues. Our experiment confirmed that the chemotaxis of EPCs does exist in HCC. Moreover, HIF-1α, SDF-1 and VEGF might play important roles in the "homing" of EPCs in HCC. EPCs might be a potential candidate for targeting vector of HCC for gene therapy.

Objective To evaluate the effect of rehabilitation nursing with movement getting out of bed in early period after operation on the patients undergone the total hip replacement (THR).Methods The rehabilitation nursing was performed to 47 patients undergone THR including movement getting out of bed in early period; prepared sufficiently pre-operatively (evaluation and rehabilitation training); avoided the complications post-operatively; monitored the vital signs; trained standardizely; relieved pain sufficiently; took off the tubing as early as possible; rehabilitated with the walking aid.Results None had DVT, dislocation, fracture around the prosthesis, infections, death etc, all patients got out of bed in the 1st day after operation, the average time in hospital was 19 days, and the average Harris scores were 54.26, 62.55, 73.58, 91.17 and 93.35 at pre-operation, and in 14th day, 1st month, 3rd month and 6th month post-operation respectively.Conclusion Rehabilitation nursing with early movement getting out of bed to exercise after THR operation can promote the recovery of the hip function, reduce the complications, shorten the hospital stay.