A continued dietary survey was conducted for 42 nursing mothers by case method in a series of home visiting and counselling to each one in a fortnight interval for three months in a town of rural area in Guangdong. The average food as well as nutrients intake was quite stable, 2822 to 3122 kcal each day in six observations. Protein, about 41% of which was from animal origin, provided 11-12% of the total calorie intake. Six milk samples of each mother were collected for ascorbic acid analysis.With the acceptance of the mothers to the advisory suggestions, they consumed more fruits and vegetables instead of the traditional taboo. The ascorbicacid content of the mothers' milk changes from 29.8 mg per litre at the first estimation to 46.5 mg per litre at the sixth (P

The total energy expenditures and intakes, as well as the changes of BMR, body weight, skinfold thickness and arm circumference were measured in 262 lactating women (6 months postpartum), 53 similarly sized nonlactating nonpregnant women living in the same district serve as control for comparison in Guangdong province. The energy expenditures were determined by indirect method. The results appeared that both body weight(ave-rage loss 4.2 kg) and skinfold thickness gradually reduced significantly in the first 4 months, but did not change from 4th to 6th months after delivery. Arm circumference had no change during 6 months postpartum. The BMR at the 1st week was higher (P0.05). The energy expenditure for household chores and activties in lactating group was a kind of "light activity" totally 8.36010.90 MJ/d. The energy expenditure for milk secretion was estimated to be 2.807 MJ/d. The energy intakes of the lactating group was 2.259 MJ/d more than the nonlactating group. It is recommended that the .calorie intake should be added about 1.883 MJ/d in the 1st 4 months and 2.720 MJ/d after 4 months, or average 2.092 MJ/d during 1st 6 months of lactation for lactating mothers.

The protein value of Guangdong rice fortified with lysine and threonine in different propotion by NBI was investigated.In the writer's previous experiment, the Guangdong rice protein fortified with L-lysine and DL-threonine simultaneously obtained the best result on weanling rats. This consecutive experiment was divided into two parts; 1) the further verification of the fortified protein was studied by NBI in adults rats fed diets containing rice meal enriched with 0.3% of L-lysine, 0.5% of L-lysine plus 0.3% of DL-threonine. 2) the effect of applying nonfat soybean meal with equal quantity of lysine and threonine as above instead of pure amino acids were investigated in weanling rats by NBI. The result provided that the protein of Guangdong rice fortified with 0.5% of L-lysine plus 0.3% of DL-threonine simultaneously gave the best effect on weanling and adult rats, quite similar to the egg protein. The nutritive value of soybean meal supplementation was parallel with the fortification of amino acids, although its digestibility was lower. It suggests that lysine and threonine are the main limiting factors in improving the protein quality in Guangdong rice.