Objective To investigate the feasibility of sentinel lymph node(SLN) biopsy by laparoscopy in patients with early-stage cervical cancer,and its accuracy for predicting pelvic lymph nodes metastasis.Methods A total of 26 patients with early-stage cervical cancer were enrolled in this study.Laparoscopic bilateral pelvic lymphadenectomy and radical hysterectomy were carried out in all the cases.During the operation,4 ml of methylene blue dye(1%) were injected into the cervix at 4 sites around the tumor.Both the blue-dyed lymph nodes and the other resected tissues were removed for pathological examination by HE staining.The blue-dyed lymph node was considered as SLNs,and the pathological results of all the removed pelvic lymph nodes were set as a gold standard,based on which the accuracy and false-negative rate of SLN biopsy,as well as the distribution of the SLN were determined.Results Of the 26 cases,a total of 51 SLNs were found in 23 patients(88.5%),among which 6 patients had 1 SLN,9 had 2,6 had 3,1 had 4,and 1 had 5;65.2%(15) of the patients had bilateral SLN.Five of the 26 patients(19.2%) showed pelvic lymph nodes metastases.In the 23 patients diagnosed as having SLN,3 had metastases in the SLNs(totally 6 SLNs were involved,2 of the 3 cases had the metastasis both in the SLN and pelvic lymph nodes,the other had the metastasis only in the SLN).In one patient,the biopsy was negative in SLN,but positive in the pelvic lymph nodes.In this series,the accuracy,sensitivity,specificity and negative predictive value of SLN biopsy were 95.7%(22/23),75%(3/4),100%(19/19),and 95%(19/20),respectively.There was a correlation between SLNs and pelvic lymph nodes status(?=0.832).Conclusions It is feasible to accurately detect SLNs using laparoscopic SLNs biopsy in patients with early-stage cervical cancer.The method is capable of predicting the disease,as well as the metastasis of local lymph nodes.

sweet potato. Conclusion The content of arsenic (Ⅲ) in the edible part of plants was one of the important factors for selecting the plants that are suitable for growing the arsenic polluted area.

Objective To study the application of immunofixation electrophoresis(IFE) in typing M proteins. Methods Serum M proteins were detected in 43 patients and 20 normal controls by agarose gel IFE and rate nephelometery. Results Of 43 patients, 29 were affirmed to have M proteins, including 20 cases of IgG ?, 5 IgG ?, 2 IgM ?, 1 IgA ? and 1 ?. Conclusion The technology of IFE, characterized by easy differentiation of electrophoretic bands, simple operation and rapidity, has great value in typing M proteins.

Objective To evaluate the diagostic value of hypersensitive C-reactive protein(hs-CRP),β2-microglobulin(β2-MG) and cystatin C(Cys-C)tests in diabetic nephropathy(DN)of early stage.Methods The turbidimetric immunoassay was adopted to determine serum hs-CRP,β2-MG and Cys-C concentrations in type 2 diabetic patients,including 100 cases with DN of early stage (DN group),50 cases without DN(NDN group)and 100 cases healthy controls(control group).Results Serum hs-CRP,β2-MG and Cys-C concentrations in DN group were significantly higher than that in control group and NDN group(P <0.05).Conclusion Hs-CRP,β2-MG and Cys C are sensitive indicators in the diagosis of DN.The combined determination of the three indicators im-proves the sensitivity of early DN diagnosis and is useful for monitoring the development of DN in early stage.

Objective To explore the relationship between recurrent spontaneous abortion and the chromosome abnormality by analyzing the 394 couples′chromosome karyotypes.Methods Peripheral blood lymphocytes in 394 couples of recurrent spontane-ous abortion in Guangzhou area were cultured and performed the chromosome karyotype analysis.Results Among 394 couples of recrudescence abortion,41 cases (5.2%)of abnormal chromosome karyotypes were detected including 1 case(2.44%)of chromo-some number abnormality,8 cases (19.51 %)of balanced translocation,3 cases (7.32%)of Robertsonian translocation,1 case (2.44%)of chromosome inversion and 28 cases (68.29%)of chromosomal polymorphism.Conclusion The chromosomal abnor-mality is an important reason for recurrent spontaneous abortion.Recurrent spontaneous abortion is not only associated with anoma-lies of chromosome structure,and could have a certain relationship with chromosome polymorphism.

Better therapeutic effects have been achieved in the treatment of 112 simple obesity cases,mainly with acupuncture therapy plus auxiliary treatment of acupuncture weight loss apparatus. The results showed that the effective rate was 85% in 112 cases by one course of the treatments, 92% in 84 cases by two courses of the treatments, and 98% in 43 cases by three courses of the treatments. The therapeutic effect in combination with acupuncture apparatus was better in long courses of the treatment than in the short courses of the treatments, in male than in female, in young age than in old age, in mild case than in severe condition, in short duration than in long duration, in excessive pattern than in deficient pattern, in those without complications than in those with complications, and in those without family history than in those with family history, indicating that early treatment and prolonged treatment can enhance the therapeutic effects in weight loss by acupuncture.

OBJECTIVE: structure and biomechanics studies of posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) demonstrated that double-bundle hamstring graft has similar function to healthy PCL. semitendinosus and gracilis can stabilize knee joint by preventing anterior tibial displacement. Therefore, the aim of this paper is to evaluate the efficacy of construction a PCL using semitendinosus and gracilis bundles.METHODS: Nine patients who were underwent double bundle PCL reconstruction from March 2006 to December 2007, and received a more than 18 months follow-up, were collected, including 8 males and 1 female, aged 21-42 years. Four patients were suffered simple PCL injury,and the other 5 patients combined with meniscus injury. Two tunnels of 5 mm diameter was made in the femoral attachment site of PCL, one tunnel of 8.0 mm diameter was made in the tibial attachment site of PCL. The anterior bundle was reconstructed using semitendinosus tendon, and the posterior bundle was reconstructed using the gracilis tendon. We reserved the attachment of the semitendinosus and gracilis tendon outside of tibial tunnel, and tied a knot using tendens outside of femoral tunnels. No internal fixation was needed. Posterior drawer test was performed in 30.60 and 90 degrees of flexion of the knee joint, and Lysholm rating system was used to determine the function of the knee and the patient's level of activity. RESULTS: Nine patients were included in the final analysis. Prior to operation, posterior drawer test in 30, 60 and 90 degrees of flexion was positive in all 9 cases. However, at 18 months after operation, posterior drawer test in 30, 60 and 90 degrees was negative in 8 cases, only 1 patient had positive posterior drawer test in 30 degrees. The mean Lysholm score was 55 points (45-68points) prior to operation, which was 88 points (78-94 points) postoperatively. The excellent and good results were obtained in 89%.CONCLUSION: Double bundle reconstruction of the PCL mimics more closely to the natural behavior of the normal PCL, which can restore normal knee laxity across the full range of motion. However, the cases were limited, so the prostecdtive efficacy needs to be followed up.

OBJECTIVE To isolate Acinetobacter bacteriophages and analyze their lysis spectrum.METHODS A total of 78 Acinetobacter strains were isolated from the sewage of different sources whose lysis spectrum was determined by method of single layer plates.RESULTS From them only two kinds of Acinetobacter bacteriophages AB46 and AB54 with different lysis spectrum were isolated from 2 strains.The former had a lysis spectrum of 46(1.28%)and the latter had a lysis spectrum of 54,57,59,60,62,69,70 and 78(10.27%).CONCLUSIONS Acinetobacter bacteriophages are isolated and their lysis spectrums are obtained.The lysis spectrums are narrow which need to improve their lysis ranges but they can infect their hosts virulently and form transparent plaques.

Advancements in technology have enhanced the performance of pacemakers but made the interaction between the pacemaker and the heart becoming increasingly complex, and its is difficult to interpret the paced ECGs (PGCGs). This paper introduces a brief method to interpret PECGs, which illustrate the timing intervals graphically and avoid using symbols and strings.

Acanthoma ; pathology ; Humans ; Keratosis ; pathology ; Skin Neoplasms ; pathology