Objective To observe the effects of peritoneal ventilation with pure oxygen in the rabbits with hypoxaemia and hypercapnia induced by mechanical controlled hypoventilation.Methods Sixteen rabbits were invasive|y ventilated after trachea incision.Hypoxaemia and hypercapnia were induced by hypoventilation which was implemented both by degrading ventilation parameters and respiratory depression induced by intravenous infusion of muscle relaxant.Then pure oxygen was insufflated into the peritoneal cavity and arterial blood gases were measured every 30 minutes for two hours.Results The PaO2 was (52.50±3.46)mm Hg at baseline and increased to (76.46±7.79) mm Hg, (79.62±9.53) mm Hg, (78.54±7.18) mm Hg, and (81.1±8.3) mm Hg, respectively at 30,60,90, and 120 minutes after the peritoneal ventilation with pure oxgen (all P < 0.05).Meanwhile PaCO2 was (63.84±9.09)mm Hg at baseline and (59.84±14.22) mm Hg, (59.16±15.5) mm Hg, (60.02±7.07) mm Hg, and (61.38± 6.56)mm Hg, respectively at 30,60,90, and 120 minutes after the peritoneal ventilation with pure oxgen with no significant change (P > 0.05).Conclusion Peritoneal ventilation can obviously improve hypoxaemia induced by mechanical controlled hypoventilation, whereas hypercapnia remains unchanged.

Objective To investigate the prognostic significance of peripheral blood absolute monocyte/lymphocyte count in low‐risk patients with aggressive B cell lymphoma .Methods Retrospective study was performed in 42 low‐risk patients with ag‐gressive B cell lymphoma approved by histology between 2003 to 2013 .Peripheral blood absolute monocyte count (AMC) ,absolute lymphocyte count (ALC) ,lymphocyte/monocyte(LMR) and the some other clinical characters were estimated .Results The best absolute monocyte/lymphocyte count cut‐offs respectively were 475/mm3 and 1 005/mm3 ,analyzed by receiver operating character‐istic curve .AMC≥475/mm3 and ALC<1 005/mm3 were found to be independent predictors of progress free survival (RR=4 .271 , 3 .023 ;P= 0 .01 ,0 .39);AMC≥475/mm3 was found to be independent predictors of 5‐year overall survival (RR= 4 .680;P<0 .0001) in low‐risk patients with aggressive B cell lymphoma .Conclusion Higher AMC and/or lower ALC are poor prognosis fac‐tors .AMC and ALC may be important prognostic factors of low‐risk patients with aggressive B cell lymphoma .

Objective: To investigate the incidence of small intestinal bacterial overgrowth (SIBO) and systemic low-grade inflammation in patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). Methods: From June to October in 2017, 50 cases of IBS patients who met Rome Ⅳ criteria were consecutively collected at Outpatient Department of Gastroenterology of Shanghai Huashan Hospital. The incidence of SIBO was detected by hydrogen lactulose breath test (LBT) and methane LBT. The incidence of systemic low-grade inflammation in IBS patients was determined by fractional exhaled nitric oxide(FeNO) breath test. Chi-square test was used for statistical analysis. Results: Among 50 IBS patients, the positive rate of FeNO was 70%(35/50), and the number of FeNO positive cases in diarrhea-predominant (n=28), constipation-predominant (n=14) and mix-type (n=8) IBS paitents was 18, 11 and six, respectively, and the difference was not statistically significant among three groups (χ²=1.020, P=0.600). The incidence rate of SIBO was 60% (30/50), with 20 cases (40%) being only positive for hydrogen LBT, seven cases (14%) being methane LBT, and three cases (6%) being both positive. The numbers of hydrogen LBT and methane LBT in diarrhea-predominant, constipation-predominant, and mix-type IBS patents were 17, three, three and two, six, two, respectively. There were statistically significant differences in positive rates of hydrogen LBT and methane LBT among three groups (χ²=6.076 and 6.392, both P<0.05). The positive rate of FeNO in IBS patients with SIBO was higher than that of IBS patients without SIBO (90%, 27/30 vs. 40%, 8/20), and the difference was statistically significant (χ²=14.286, P<0.01). Conclusions Combination of hydrogen LBT and methane LBT has a higher detection rate of SIBO than traditional single hydrogen LBT. There is a correlation between SIBO and systemic low-grade inflammation in IBS patients.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the pattern and value of the expression of T-bet in nasopharyngeal-associated lymphatic tissue (NALT) of patients with or without allergic rhinitis (AR). METHOD: T-bet and CD4/T-bet expression in adenoids, tonsils and nasal mucosa was respectively detected with single stain and double stain of immunohistochemistry. RESULT: The positive ratio of T-bet expression in tonsils, adenoids and nasal mucosa between AR group and the control group had statistically different (P < 0.05). There was statistical difference of T-bet expression in tonsils from AR group in three different age groups (P < 0.05). The difference was that T-bet expression in adults group was significantly lower than that in children group and adolescent group. There was no difference of T-bet expression among different age groups in non-AR group. There were some positive expression of CD4 and T-bet in tonsils, adenoids and nasal mucosa from two groups and most positive expression of T-bet on CD4 positive cell. CONCLUSION T-bet expression was down-regulated in NALT of patients with AR. T-bet expression of NALT is associated with allergic mucosal inflammation and functional status of NALT, as well as the weak Th1 response at the level of transfer factor in local mucosa of respiratory tract in AR patients.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Child ; Humans ; Lymphoid Tissue ; metabolism ; Palatine Tonsil ; metabolism ; Rhinitis, Allergic, Perennial ; metabolism ; T-Box Domain Proteins ; metabolism ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVE Based on different drug loading models,three types of nanoparticulated HI-6 were prepared and their reactivations on inhibited acetylcholinesterase (AChE)in peripheral and central nervous syste ms were evaluated and compared in so man-intoxicated mice.METHODS Three kinds of nano-reactivators including HI-6 loaded human serum albunin nanoparticle (HSA-HI-6 NP),HI-6 absorptive mesoporous silica nanoparticle(MSN-HI-6),polylactico-glycolic acid nanoparticle coated HI-6 (PLGA-HI-6 NP)were prepared.The characteristic of all blank nanocarriers was observed through elec-tron microscope.HI-6 release rate of nano-reactivators was also determined in vitro.Then the reactiva-tion rate of nano-reactivators at a constant HI-6 dosage(22 mg·kg -1 )on so man-inhabited AChE both in blood and brain was assessed the so man intoxicated mice(120 μg·kg -1 ,sc).RESULTS All the syn-thetic nanocarriers met the de mand for nanodrug use in vivo.The rate of HI-6 release of nano-reactiva-tors was HI-6 >HSA-HI-6 NPs >MSN-HI-6 >PLGA-HI-6 NP in vitro.On the reactivations of so man-inhibited mice blood AChE,the free HI-6 and HSA-HI-6 NPs,as well as MSN-HI-6 showed co mparable reactivation rates(20% -30%)but were greater than that of PLGA-HI-6 NPs (6.2%)(P <0.01 ). However on the reactivations of so man-inhibited mice brain AChE,the reactivation rate of HSA-HI-6 NP (15.3%)was significantly higher than that of PLGA-HI-6 NP(3.3%)and free HI-6(6.3)(P<0.01 ).In addition,MSN-HI-6 group had a significant reactivation rate compared to PLGA-HI-6 NPs(P <0.01 ). But there was no statistic difference between MSN-HI-6 and free HI-6.CONCLUSION The reactivation potency changed obviously with different drug loading models and HSA-HI-6 NPs had the most potent reactivation on so man-inhibited AChE in both blood and brain.

Objective: To investigate the efficacy of low dose and short-term oral rifaximin in patients with small intestinal bacterial overgrowth (SIBO) related irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). Methods: From June 2017 to June 2018, at the Department of Gastroenterology of Huashan Hospital, Fudan University in Shanghai, a total of 37 patients with SIBO related IBS were sequentially enrolled and divided into three groups: diarrhea type, constipation type and mixed type. All the patients received rifaximin 200 mg each time, three times per day for 14 days. The clinical efficacy before and after treatment were compared by the scores of irritable bowel syndrome symptom severity scale (IBS-SSS) and irritable bowel syndrome associated quality of life (IBS-QoL). The efficacy of rifaximin on SIBO clearance and SIBO related chronic low-grade inflammation was evaluated by lactulose breath test (LBT) and exhaled nitric oxide (eNO). T test and variance analysis were used for statistical analysis. Results: Among 39 patients with SIBO related IBS, 24 patients were diarrhea type, seven were constipation type and six were mixed type. Except one patient quitted the study because of chest tightness and palpitation, the IBS-SSS score of the left 36 patients before treatment was (250.83±55.10), and decreased to (151.11±33.96), and the difference was statistically significant (t=13.686, P<0.01). Before treatment the score of IBS-QoL was (28.03±16.16), and decreased to (14.39±9.31) after treatment, and the difference was statistically significant (t=6.867, P<0.01). There was no significant difference in IBS-SSS and IBS-QoL scores among the diarrhea type, constipation type and mixed type groups (all P>0.05). After treated by rifaximin, the negative conversion rate of SIBO was 52.8%(19/36). The negative conversion rate of hydrogen LBT was 54.5%(12/22) and among 11 methane LBT positive patients, six cases turned negative; and one of three patients with both positive hydrogen LBT and methane LBT turned negative. The negative conversion rate of eNO was 41.7%(15/36). Conclusions Low dose and short term rifaximin treatment can improve the severity of clinical symptoms and quality of life in SIBO-related IBS patients, and the efficacy is not related with the subtypes of IBS.