This study was aimed to analyze the current prescription combination rules on traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) in gastric cancer treatment, in order to explore reasonable application of data mining technology in the study of prescription combination rules. Modern literatures were searched in CNKI and WanFang database. Frequency analysis, association analysis and composition network were used comprehensively. Rules such as herb application frequency and combination rules of the target prescription set were analyzed. The results showed that after screening and standardization, 116 prescriptions were included in the set which including 1 269 herbs and involving 17 types of 212 herbs. It was concluded that TCM paid attention to strengthen body resistance in gastric cancer treatment. It can also be combined with drugs for invigorating blood circulation and stasis, heat-clearing and detoxification, dispersing phlegm and stasis, as well as regulatingqi stagnation depending on the syndrome.

OBJECTIVE: In recent years, available evidence from basic and clinical research on Alzheimer disease(AD) suggests that oxidation stress is involved in the occurrence and development of AD, and that antioxidant treatment can improve the intelligence of patients with AD and delay age-dependant cognitive dysfunction. Although results of basic and clinical research on the therapeutic effects of antioxidants on AD are inconsistent, a large number of available data suggest that these studies are of significance. Basic pharmacological studies on natural antioxidant TA99 series indicate that they are promising novel drugs for AD. Thereby, this study made a review of their experimental basis in the treatment of AD and existing problems.DATA SOURCES: Related articles published between January 1991 and December 2004 were searched by the computer in Medline database with such key words as Alzheimer disease, antioxidant, Ginkgo biloba extract, TA9901,acetylcholine, and senescence-accelerated mouse in different combinations and with the language limited to English. Meanwhile, related articles were alsosearched in CDMA \Wanfang database with the same key words in Chinese.STUDY SELECTION: Literature involving intervention group and control group were screened in the first trial, and then non-randomized trials were excluded and the rest were searched for the full text.DATA EXTRACTION: Of the 24 basic and clinical randomized and non-randomized trials on antioxidants in the treatment of AD collected, 17 accorded with the inclusion criteria and the other 7 were excluded.DATA SYNTHESIS: Intervention in the 17 trials emphasized the pathogenesis of AD from amyloid β proterin(Aβ) synthesis, gathering to senile plaque formation, and the enhancement of Aβ gathering and neuronal apoptosis by peroxidative injuries of free radicals. Both in vitro and in vivo studies were conducted: the effect of Aβ on neurons of different regions was observed with cell culture; transmission electromicroscope and sulfrin T (Th-T) fluorescence assay, Fuliye-transform infrared(FT-IR) spectrum apparatus, electron magnetic resonance(EPR), and round spectrum were used to detect the inhibitory effect of TA99 series on Aβ gathering and fibroplasia in vitro, as well as the influence on Aβ gathering in vivo. Senescence accelerated mouse (SAM) -P/8 was adopted to establish AD model and behavioral studies such as Morris water maze were used to investigate their effect on learning and memory. Meanwhile, the clearance of intracerebral amyloid granular deposition due to TA99 was also observed with hexamic argent staining. The effects of TA series on Aβ target and possible mechanism were fully revealed, and basic pre-clinical data collection was almost completed.CONCLUSION: TA9901 plant extractions have been proved to inhibit Aβ gathering and fibrosis, and improve learning and memory of SAM-P/8 rats. Moreover, TA9902 prepared by TA9901 combined with EGb761, another synergic herb, has an obvious anti-neurotoxic effect by inhibiting Aβ gathering, fibrosis and secondary structural changes. Further pharmacological research is needed and will have a promising prospect.

ts the shear stress, thus, facilitates the union of fracture and the restoration of function.

Objective To evaluate the effect of ulinastatin pretreatment on endoplasmic reticulum stress during myocardial injury in the patients undergoing mitral valve replacement (MVR) with cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB).Methods One hundred patients of both sexes,aged 35-64 yr,weighing 40-80 kg,of American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status Ⅱ or Ⅲ (New York Heart Association Ⅱ or Ⅲ),scheduled for elective MVR with CPB,were divided into ulinastatin pretreatment group (UP group,n=50) and normal saline control group (NS group,n =50) using a random number table.Ulinastatin 0.5× 104 U/kg was intravenously infused over 1 h before skin incision,and administration was repeated every 4 h until the end of operation in group UP,while the equal volume of normal saline was given instead in group NS.Immediately after opening the right atrium (T0),at 30 min after aortic clamping (T1) and while suturing the right atrium (T2),blood samples were collected from the radial artery for measurement of the concentrations of plasma creatine kinase-MB and cardiac troponin T by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.Right auricle specimens were obtained after blood sampling at each time point for determination of the expression of glucose-regulated protein 78,CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein homologous protein and c-Jun N-terminal kinase protein and mRNA (by real-time polymerase chain reaction and Western blot,respectively) and apoptosis in cardiomyocytes (by TUNEL).The apoptosis rate was calculated.Results Compared with group NS,the plasma concentrations of creatine kinase-MB and cardiac troponin T at T1 and T2 and apoptosis rate at T2 were significantly decreased,and the expression of glucose-regulated protein 78,CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein homologous protein and c-Jun N-terminal kinase protein and mRNA was down-regulated at T1 and T2 in group UP (P＜0.05).Conclusion The mechanism by which ulinastatin pretreatment inhibits apoptosis in cardiomyocytes and attenuates myocardial injury is related to decrease in endoplasmic reticulum stress in the patients undergoing MVR with CPB.

Objective To investigate the effects of Panax notoginseng saponins (PNS) on hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-induced apoptosis in cultured rabbit bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs). Methods BMSCs from 3-month-old New Zealand rabbits were isolated and cultured by the density gradient centrifugation combined with adherent method. The cultured BMSCs were divided into three groups: normal control, H2O2 treatment (100μmol/L), and PNS pretreatment (0.1g/L). Intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels as the index of oxidative stress were measured by using 2'7'-dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate. Flow cytometry was used to observe the apoptosis of BMSCs by staining with annexinV-FITC/PI. The protein expression of Bax in BMSCs was analyzed by Western blotting. Activity of caspase-3 enzyme was measured by spectrofluorometry. Results Pretreatment with PNS significantly decreased intracellular ROS level induced by H2O2 (P<0.01). PNS markedly attenuated H2O2-induced apoptosis rate from 38.68% to 19.24%(P<0.01). PNS reversed H2O2-induced augmentation of Bax expression. Furthermore, PNS markedly reduced the altered in activity of caspase-3 enzyme induced by H2O2(P<0.01). Conclusion PNS has a protective effect on hydrogen peroxide-induced apoptosis in cultured rabbit BMSCs by scavenging ROS and decreasing Bax expression and caspase-3 activity.

Background and purpose: MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play an important role in tumor biological behavior. miRNAs are down-regulated or up-regulated in various cancer types, triggering abnormal cell differentiation, proliferation and apoptosis. This study was designed to investigate the expression and clinical signiifcance of miR-187*in colorectal cancer (CRC), and further to investigate its roles in promoting cell apoptosis. Methods:The expressions of miR-187* in 40 CRC cases were examined by real-time quantitative reverse transcription-PCR (qRT-PCR). The relationship between miR-187*expression and clinical features of CRC was analyzed. HCT116 cells were transfected with a miR-187*mimic and the apoptosis of the transfected cells were examined by lfow cytometry (FCM). Results:The expression of miR-187*was down-regulated in CRC tissues 0.165 (0.106, 0.428) compared with those in normal tissues 0.334 (0.211, 0.712) (P<0.05), especially in mucinous carcinoma and older age CRC (P<0.05). Transfection of HCT116 cells with a miR-187*mimic up-regulated the expression of miR-187*and increased cell early apoptosis (P<0.05). Conclusion: The expression level of miR-187* was lower in CRC. miR-187* expression correlates with histological type and age. Transfection of HCT116 cells with a miR-187*mimic accelerates apoptosis of tumor cells, suggesting that miR-187*is a potent tumor suppressor.

Objective To identify and assess whether circumferential electrocautery is useful to improve outcomes after primary total knee replacement.Methods We searched MEDLINE,EMBASE,PubMed,SpringerLink,Web of Knowledge,OVID CINAHL,OVID EBM and Google Scholar,and included articles published through January 2014.This study used the methods of meta-analysis to assess whether circumferential electrocautery could improve anterior knee pain and knee function after total knee replacement,and identified the function of circumferential electrocautery in total knee replacement.Results A total of eight articles met the inclusion criteria.Among the 1 048 cases included in the analysis,526 cases had patellar denervation,and 522 cases were in the control group.The meta-analysis revealed no significant difference in the incidence of anterior knee pain (P =0.18) and visual analogue scale (VAS) (P =0.23) between two groups.However,patellar score (P =0.01),Western Ontario and McMaster Universities osteoarthritis index (WOMAC) score (P ＜ 0.01),and range of motion (ROM) (P ＜ 0.01) indicated that circumpatellar electrocautery improved clinical outcomes compared to non-electrocautery groups.Conclusions The results indicated that circumferential electrocautery of the patellar did not significantly improve anterior knee pain relative to non-electrocautery techniques.However,circumferential electrocautery significantly improved patients' knee function after surgery.Therefore,circumferential electrocautery might be beneficial to the outcome of primary total knee replacement surgery without patella replacement.

Objective:To investigate the changes and their clinical values of renal oxygen saturation(RrSO 2) and abdominal local oxygen saturation(A-rSO 2) in infants who underwent cardiac surgery. Methods:Thirty children with atrial septal defect or ventricular septal defect underwent cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) in Henan People′s Hospital from April to August 2019 were randomly selected.There were 15 males and 15 females, aged 2-13 months, weighted 4.5-10.0 kg and American Society of Anesthesiologists(ASA) grade Ⅰ-Ⅲ.The probe of near-infrared spectroscopy(NIRS)was fixed at the body surface of the right kidney and 1 cm below the umbilicus.RrSO 2 and A-rSO 2 were continuously monitored during operation.The changes of parameters, including RrSO 2, A-rSO 2, mean arte-rial pressure(MAP), and nose temperature were recorded after anesthesia induction (T 0), cardiopulmonary bypass (T 1), 5 minutes after aortic blockade (T 2), the lowest temperature (T 3), 5 minutes after aortic opening (T 4), and 5 minutes after stopping cardiopulmonary bypass (T 5). CPB time, ascending aorta occlusion time and operation time were recorded as well.Meanwhile, perioperative complications such as acute renal injury (AKI) and gastrointestinal dysfunction were recorded.Relevant information, including the time of first eating after operation was recorded. Results:Totally, 30 children were enrolled in this study.The basic values of RrSO 2 and A-rSO 2 were (70.00±7.50)% and (70.70±11.29)%, respectively.Compared with T 0, the RrSO 2 and A-rSO 2 of patients decreased at T 1, gradually increased at T 2, T 3 and T 4, and returned to T 0 at T 5.There was no significant difference in RrSO 2 and A-rSO 2 at each observation point. Pearson correlation analysis displayed that there was a positive correlation between A-rSO 2 and RrSO 2 ( r=0.806, P<0.01). RrSO 2 and A-rSO 2 were positively correlated with MAP ( r=0.565, 0.605, all P<0.05), and negatively correlated with the nasopharynx temperature ( r=-0.365, -0.331; all P<0.05). Among them, 3 children(10%) suffered from AKI after operation.Compared with T 0, RrSO 2 values at T 1, T 2, T 3 and T 4 decreased significantly ( P<0.05). Postoperative gastrointestinal hysteresis occurred in 6 children(20%). The A-rSO 2 value in T 0-T 5 of children with gastrointestinal hysteresis was significantly lower than that of children without gastrointestinal hysteresis ( P<0.05). Conclusions:As a new noninvasive monitoring method of renal and intestinal function, NIRS has certain clinical guiding value in perioperative period of infantile congenital heart disease.

Objective:To evaluate the relationship between postoperative delirium (POD) and pyroptosis of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) in the patients undergoing heart valve replacement with cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB).Methods:Sixty patients of either sex, aged 45-64 yr, with body mass index of 18-25 kg/m 2, of American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status Ⅱ or Ⅲ, with New York Heart Association class Ⅱ or Ⅲ, undergoing elective heart valve replacement with CPB, were enrolled in this study.POD was assessed by the Consciousness Assessment Method for the intensive care unit (CAM-ICU) within 3 days after operation.All the patients were divided into 2 groups according to whether POD occurred within 3 days after operation: POD group ( n=45) and non-POD group (NPOD group, n=15). After induction of anesthesia and before skin incision (T 1), at 30 min after start of CPB (T 2), immediately after termination of CPB (T 3) and at 24 h after termination of CPB (T 4), blood samples from the internal jugular vein were collected to determine the concentrations of plasma S100β, neuron-specific enolase (NSE), interleukin (IL)-18 and IL-1β (by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay) and expression of nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3), caspase-1 and gasdermin D (GSDMD) in PBMCs (by Western blot). The postoperative mechanical ventilation time and length of stay in ICU were recorded. Results:Compared with NPOD group, the concentrations of plasma S100β, NSE, IL-18 and IL-1β were significantly increased, the expression of NLRP3, caspase-1 and GSDMD in PBMCs was up-regulated at T 2-4, and the postoperative mechanical ventilation time and length of stay in ICU were prolonged in POD group ( P<0.05). Compared with those at T 1, the concentrations of plasma S100β, NSE, IL-18 and IL-1β were significantly increased, and the expression of NLRP3, caspase-1 and GSDMD in PBMCs was up-regulated at T 2-4 in POD and NPOD groups ( P<0.05). Conclusion:The occurrence of POD may be associated with the pyroptosis of PBMCs in patients undergoing heart valve replacement with CPB.

OBJECTIVETo detect plasma miR-106a level in patients with colorectal cancer (CRC) and analyze its correlation to the clinicopathological features and disease diagnosis.

METHODSmiRNA expression profiling was performed using miRNA microarray chip for 3 colorectal adenocarcinoma samples and matched normal tissues. Plasma samples was collected from 50 colorectal cancer patients for quantitative analysis of miR-106a using real-time RT-PCR using 47 plasma samples from healthy volunteer as the control. Forty plasma samples were collected from these patients 7 days after operation to examine the changes in miR-106a expression.

RESULTSmiR-106a was differentially expressed in colorectal adenocarcinoma compared to normal tissues. The plasma levels of miR-106a expression were significantly higher in the cancer patients than in the healthy control group (P=0.012). miR-106a expression significantly decreased after the operation compared with its preoperative level (P<0.01), and no correlation was found between preoperative plasma miR-106a and the clinicopathological features including lymph node metastasis and TNM stage (P>0.05). miR-106a showed a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve area of 66.1%, a sensitivity of 62.3%, and a specificity of 68.2% in discriminating colorectal cancer patients from the control subjects.

CONCLUSIONplasma miR-106a is up-regulated in CRC patients, suggesting its potential value for the diagnosis of CRC.

Adult ; Aged ; Case-Control Studies ; Colorectal Neoplasms ; blood ; diagnosis ; Female ; Humans ; Lymphatic Metastasis ; Male ; MicroRNAs ; blood ; Middle Aged ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Up-Regulation