Objective To investigate the effects of insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF 1) and transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-β1) in he pathogenesis of children with allergic purpura kidney damage.Methods 135 henoch-schonlein purpura (HSP) children with kidney damage were divided into HSP and HSPN group according to whether associated with renal damage,blood IGF 1,TGF-β1,urinary inhibition C (Cys C),creatinine (SCr) and content of urea nitrogen (BUN) were compared,and blood IGF-1,TGF-β1 and Cys C content of HSPN patients in different pathological grading were compared,the correlation of blood IGF 1,TGF-β1 and Cys C content of the HSPN group were analyzed,Results Blood IGF 1,TGF-β1 and Cys C content of the control group(117.2±18.8 ng/L,164.2±18.4 ng/L,0.9±0.2 mg/L),the HSP group(131.7±19.6 ng/L,282.1±28.3 ng/L,1.1±0.2 mg/L) and the HSPN group (205.3±24.5 ng/L,489.2±32.7 ng/L,1.3±0.3 mg/L) showed a trend of increasing gradually (F=4.824～45.066,P value＜0.01),the HSP group and the HSPN group were higher than that of the control group (q=3.397～58.931,P value＜0.01),the HSPN group was higher than that of the HSP group (q=16.997,35.193,P value＜0.01),the difference was statistically significant.Blood IGF-1 (level Ⅱ 175.6 ± 20.4 ng/L,level m198.5±23.3 ng/L,level Ⅳ241.7±25.1 ng/L),TGF-β1(level Ⅱ 392.8±38.9 ng/L,level Ⅲ 481.3± 44.03 ng/L,level Ⅳ 537.6±42.9 ng/L),Cys C (level 11 1.1±0.3 mg/L,level Ⅲ 1.3±0.4 mg/L,level Ⅳ1.6±0.4 mg/L) content of children with HSPN increased with the increase of renal pathology classification (F=6.594～ 28.317,P value ＜0.01),blood IGF-1,TGF-β1 and Cys C content of kidney pathology classification of Ⅵ level in children was higher than that of the level of Ⅱ and Ⅲ in children (q=2.415～11.818,P＜0.05 or P＜0.01),while the contern of blood IGF-1,TGF-β1 and Cys C of level Ⅲ in children was higher than that of the level Ⅱ in children (q=2.577～6.244,P＜0.05 orP＜ 0.01),the difference was statistically significant.Blood IGF-1,TGF-β1 content of children with HSPN were positively correlated with Cys C content of children (r=0.648,0.719,P＜0.05),but blood IGF 1 content was significantly positive correlated with TGF-β1 content (r=0.748,P＜0.05).Conclusion IGF 1 and TGF-β31 partieipated in the pathogenesis of HSPN,and both were correlated with the degree of the pathological damage.

OBJECTIVEThis study aimed to induce carcinogenesis of lingual mucosa in C57BL/6 mice by feeding them 4-nitroquinoline 1-oxide (4NQO) solution.

METHODSA total of 85 C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into distilled water control group (DD group, n=5), 1,2-propylene glycol control group (PG group, n=5), and experimental group (EP group, n= 75). The mice in the experimental group were medially fed in 15 cages. By contrast, the mice in DD, EP, and PG groups were watered with distilled water, 50 mg.L-1 4NQO solution, and 1,2-propylene glycol solution. The mice in EP group were executed every two weeks from week 0, and the mice in the control groups were sacrificed at the 28th week. The mice were weighed. Mucosal lesions were measured by macroscopic observation and histopathologic detection.

RESULTSOne mouse in EP group died of unknown reason. The weight of the mice in EP group presented weight loss compared with the mice in DD and PG groups after the 24th week. Seventy-nine macroscopic lesions were observed in the lingual mucosa, oral floor, and upper palatal and buccal mucosa. A total of 70 macroscopic lesions (88.6%) were located in the lingual mucosa. Mucosal lesions changed from simple hyperplasia to squamous cell carcinomas. Well-differentiated squamous cell carcinomas were observed in all mice of EP group by pathological section at the 28th week. No lesion was found in the mice of DD and PG groups.

CONCLUSIONThe animal model of lingual squamous cell carcinomas was successfully established. The periods from 12th to 16th week and 20th to 28th week were the ideal times for the research on pathogenesis of early and medial-advanced stage during carcinogenesis of squamous cell carcinomas.

4-Nitroquinoline-1-oxide ; Animals ; Cell Transformation, Neoplastic ; Disease Models, Animal ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Mouth Mucosa ; Tongue

Objective To investigate the clinical effect of posterior short-segment pedicle screw reduction and fixation without fusion in treatment of thoracolumbar mono-segmental compression fractures.Methods Thirty cases of thoracolumbar mono-segmental compression fractures admitted from January 2009 to February 2010 were assigned to single posterior pedicle screw fixation (screw group,n =15) and posterior pedicle screw fixation with posterolateral fusion (fusion group,n =15) according to random number table.Clinical results in the two groups were assessed based on Cobb' s angle,anterior vertebral body height ratio (％) and Oswestry disability index (ODI) before operation,after operation,prior to the removal of implant and at the latest follow-up.Results All the cases were followed up for average 24 months.Both operation time and blood loss were less in screw group than in fusion group [(76.58 ±12.67) min vs (116.29 ± 17.45) min,P ＜ 0.01 ; (287.54 ± 30.76) ml vs (480.34 ± 100.54) ml,P ＜0.01],whereas there were no statistical differences between the two groups in aspects of Cobb' s angle and anterior vertebral body height ratio before and after operation,prior to the removal of implant as well as at the latest follow-up.Moreover,no statistical difference of ODI was noted between the two groups prior to the removal of implant and at the latest follow-up.Conclusion Posterior pedicle screw fixation without bone grafting achieves similar effects with pedicle screw fixation with bone grafting.

Genetic risk score (GRS) is used for evaluating the effects of genetic susceptible factors in risk prediction models.Five methods are commonly used for GRS:i.e.simple count genetic risk score (SC-GRS),odds ratio weighted genetic risk score (OR-GRS),direct logistic regression genetic risk score (DL-GRS),polygenic genetic risk score (PG-GRS) and explained variance weighted genetic risk score (EV-GRS).This paper summarizes the models,application conditions,advantages and limitations of the five methods.The complexity of prediction models increased along with the inclusion of more susceptible SNPs,some method have been developed to solve the problems,but the effects of new methods needs further evaluation.

OBJECTIVETo establish a diet-induced obesity model in zebrafish larvae.

METHODSAt 7 days post-fertilization (dpf), 200 zebrafish larvae with normal development were randomly allocated to two groups with the feeding quantity of 30 mg per day (normal feeding group) or 180 mg per day (overfed group) for 20 days. The weight, length, BMI, triglyceride (TG) and total cholesterol (TCH) of each group were measured. Whole-mount Oil Red O staining, frozen Oil Red O staining and hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining were used to estimate the rate of hepatic steatosis and liver histology of the zebrafish. The dynamic change of hepatic lipid droplets and distribution of adipose tissue were observed with Nile Red staining in overfed zebrafish in vivo.

RESULTSThe weight, length, BMI and TG of overfed zebrafish were significantly increased compared with those in normal feeding group. Whole-mount Oil Red O staining showed that the percent of hepatic steatosis in overfed group (89.4%) was markedly higher than that in normal feeding group (20.7%). Macrovesicular steatosis was observed in the liver of the overfed larvae. Nile Red staining visualized hepatic lipid droplets and the distribution of larval adipose tissue, which increased with feeding time in the overfed zebrafish. Starving larvae showed depletion of fat and hepatic lipid, and adipose tissue was induced after refeeding.

CONCLUSIONSWe successfully established an diet-induced obesity model in zebrafish larva, in which Nile Red staining allows in vivo observation of the adipocytes and hepatic lipid droplets.

Adipose Tissue ; Animals ; Cholesterol ; Diet ; adverse effects ; Disease Models, Animal ; Fatty Liver ; Larva ; Lipids ; Obesity ; pathology ; Triglycerides ; Zebrafish

Objective To synthesize and investigate cytotoxicity of an indole-chalcone derivative FC58. Methods The target compound was synthesized through the Aldol condensation with 1-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)ethan-1-one and 1H-indole-3-carbaldehyde. The Cell Titer-Blue method was used to determine in vitro cytotoxicity. The cell cycle experiment was performed to analyze the action characteristics of FC58. Results FC58 exhibited high cytotoxicity against various leukemia cells and resulted in G2/M phase arrest. It showed stronger drug resistant index than traditional tubulin inhibitors such as paclitaxel, vinblastine and doxorubicin. Conclusion FC58 represents a promising lead compound for multi-drug resistant leukemia.

Objective:To evaluate the efficacy and safety of oliceridine for treatment of moderate to severe pain after surgery with general anesthesia in patients.Methods:The patients with moderate to severe pain (numeric pain rating scale ≥4) after abdominal surgery with general anesthesia from 14 hospitals between July 6, 2021 and November 9, 2021 were included in this study. The patients were assigned to either experiment group or control group using a random number table method. Experiment group received oliceridine, while control group received morphine, and both groups were treated with a loading dose plus patient-controlled analgesia and supplemental doses for 24 h. The primary efficacy endpoint was the drug response rate within 24 h after giving the loading dose. Secondary efficacy endpoints included early (within 1 h after giving the loading dose) drug response rates and use of rescue medication. Safety endpoints encompassed the development of respiratory depression and other adverse reactions during treatment.Results:After randomization, both the full analysis set and safety analysis set comprised 180 cases, with 92 in experiment group and 88 in control group. The per-protocol set included 170 cases, with 86 in experiment group and 84 in control group. There were no statistically significant differences between the two groups in 24-h drug response rates, rescue analgesia rates, respiratory depression, and incidence of other adverse reactions ( P>0.05). The analysis of full analysis set showed that the experiment group had a higher drug response rate at 5-30 min after giving the loading dose compared to control group ( P<0.05). The per-protocol set analysis indicated that experiment group had a higher drug response rate at 5-15 min after giving the loading dose than control group ( P<0.05). Conclusions:When used for treatment of moderate to severe pain after surgery with general anesthesia in patients, oliceridine provides comparable analgesic efficacy to morphine, with a faster onset.

Objective: To explore the effect of Qishen-Xiaodian Decoction combined with laser acupoint irradiation on oxidative stress and renal function on children with recurrent henoch schonlein purpura (HSP). Methods: A total of 120 children with recurrent HSP in the dermatology department clinic of Hospital of Xinle City from January 2015 to November 2017 were divided into two groups according to the random number table method, with 60 cases in each group. The control group took loratadine, Troxerutin and vitamin C orally, while the treatment group took Chinese medicine combined with laser acupoint irradiation based onthe control group. Drugs were taken orally for 4 weeks, laser acupoint irradiation treatment for 2 weeks. The level of glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) in plasma was detected by ELISA, the levels of MDA and SOD in plasma were detected by thiobarbituric acid colorimetry and hydroxylamine method, the level of IgG, micro albumin (Alb), β2-microglobulin (β2-MG) in urine were detected by radioimmunoassay, and the clinical effect was evaluated. The recurrence was recorded. Results: After treatment, the plasma GSH-Px (90.45 ± 15.36 μmol/L vs. 81.62 ± 13.68 μmol/L, t=3.318), SOD (99.64 ± 18.66 IU/ml vs. 84.21 ± 16.73 IU/ml, t=4.769) in the treatment group were significantly higher than the control group (P<0.01); the MDA (5.58 ± 1.31 μmol/L vs. 4.37 ± 1.36 μmol/L, t=4.964) was significantly lower than the control group (P<0.01); the ratio of urine IgG (3.48 ± 0.95 mg/L vs. 6.56 ± 1.47 mg/L, t=13.630), Alb (7.80 ± 2.94 mg/L vs. 12.73 ± 4.26 mg/L, t=7.378), β2-MG (4.02 ± 1.61 mg/L vs. 6.95 ± 2.10 mg/L, t=8.577) were significantly lower than those of the control group (P<0.01). The total effective rate was 95.0% (57/60) in the treatment group and 80.0% (48/60) in the control group. There was statistically significant difference between two groups (χ²=6.171, P=0.013). Follow-up of 6 and 12 months, the recurrence rate of the treatment group were significantly lower than that of the control group (χ² value were 4.931, 4.574, P<0.05). Conclusions Qishen-Xiaodian Decoction combined with laser acupoint irradiation can improve the oxidative stress of children with recurrent HSP, protect the renal function, improve the clinical efficacy and reduce the recurrence rate.

Patient-specific volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT) quality assurance (QA) process is an important component of the implementation process of clinical radiotherapy. The tolerance limit and action limit of discrepancies between the calculated dose and the delivered radiation dose are the key parts of the VMAT QA processes as recognized by the AAPM TG-218 report, however, there is no unified standard for these two values among radiotherapy centers. In this study, based on the operational recommendations given in the AAPM TG-218 report, treatment site-specific tolerance limits and action limits of gamma pass rate in VMAT QA processes when using ArcCHECK for dose verification were established by statistical process control (SPC) methodology. The tolerance limit and action limit were calculated based on the first 25 in-control VMAT QA for each site. The individual control charts were drawn to continuously monitor the VMAT QA process with 287 VMAT plans and analyze the causes of VMAT QA out of control. The tolerance limits for brain, head and neck, abdomen and pelvic VMAT QA processes were 94.56%, 94.68%, 94.34%, and 92.97%, respectively, and the action limits were 93.82%, 92.54%, 93.23%, and 90.29%, respectively. Except for pelvic, the tolerance limits for the brain, head and neck, and abdomen were close to the universal tolerance limit of TG-218 (95%), and the action limits for all sites were higher than the universal action limit of TG-218 (90%). The out-of-control VMAT QAs were detected by the individual control chart, including one case of head and neck, two of the abdomen and two of the pelvic site. Four of them were affected by the setup error, and one was affected by the calibration of ArcCHECK. The results show that the SPC methodology can effectively monitor the IMRT/VMAT QA processes. Setting treatment site-specific tolerance limits is helpful to investigate the cause of out-of-control VMAT QA.
Calibration ; Humans ; Quality Assurance, Health Care ; Radiotherapy Dosage ; Radiotherapy Planning, Computer-Assisted ; Radiotherapy, Intensity-Modulated

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the predictive power of risk model by combining traditional epidemiological factors and genetic factors.

METHODSOur previous GWAS data of lung cancer in Chinese were used in training set (Nanjing and Shanghai: 1473 cases vs. 1962 control) and testing set (Beijing and Wuhan: 858 cases vs. 1 115 control). All the single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with lung cancer risk were systematically selected and stepwise logistic regression analysis was used to select independent factors in the training set. The wGRS (weighted genetic score) was further used to calculate genetic risk score. To evaluate the contribution of the genetic factors, 3 risk models were established by using the training set, i.e. smoking model (based on smoking status) , genetic risk model (based on genetic risk score) and combined model (based on smoke and genetic risk score). The predictability of the models were evaluated by the areas under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves, area under curve (AUC), net reclassification improvement (NRI) and integrated discrimination index (IDI). Besides, the results were further verified in the testing set.

RESULTSIn the training set, it was found that the AUC of the smoking, genetic risk and combined models were 0.65 (0.63-0.66), 0.60 (0.59-0.62) and 0.69 (0.67-0.71), respectively. Compared with combined model, the predictive power of other two models significantly declined, the difference was statistically significant (P<0.001). Furthermore, compared with the smoking model, the NRI of the combined model increased by 4.57% (2.23%-6.91%) and IDI increased by 3.11% (2.52%-3.69%) in the training set, the difference was statistically significant (P<0.001). Similarly, in the testing set NRI increased by 2.77%, the difference was not statistically significant (P=0.069) , and IDI increased by 3.16%, the difference was statistically significant (P<0.001).

CONCLUSIONThis study showed that combining 14 genetic variants with traditional epidemiological factors could improve the predictive power of risk model for lung cancer. The model could be used in the screening of high-risk population of lung cancer in Chinese and provide evidence for the early diagnosis and treatment of lung cancer.

Area Under Curve ; Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; Beijing ; Case-Control Studies ; China ; Genetic Predisposition to Disease ; Genetic Variation ; Genome-Wide Association Study ; Humans ; Lung Neoplasms ; epidemiology ; genetics ; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide ; ROC Curve ; Risk Factors