BACKGROUND: A simple use of antibiotic drugs as anti-infection therapy after joint replacement is not enough for subsequent debridement and secondary revision surgeries. Therefore, our team intended to confirm the feasible use of controlled-release microspheres in the local anti-infection treatment.OBJECTIVE: To prepare the Human beta defense 3 (HBD-3)/poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) micro-spheres and to investigate the microsphere physicochemical properties and drug release profile in vitro.METHODS: With PLGA as a carrier,HBD-3/PLGA controlled-release microspheres were prepared by using double emulsion-solvent evaporation method. Scanning electron microscopy was used to observe its surface morphology.The size of each microsphere was accurately determined using scaleplate. Drug loading capacity and encapsulation efficiency of HBD-3/PLGA controlled-release microspheres were calculated using spectrophotometer. HBD-3/PLGA microsphere controlled-release time was determined in order to analyze the drug release profile of the microsphere. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The HBD-3/PLGA controlled-release microsphere possessed smooth surface, uniform distribution and good liquidity.The average particle size was 219.49 nm, the drug loading capacity of HBD-3 was (20.67±0.17)% and the encapsulation efficiency was (54.52±1.31)%. The cumulative release percentage of HBD-3 was(74.12±0.43)%. The HBD-3/PLGA controlled-release microsphere has well controlled-release performance in vitro. In theory, the purpose of antibacterial controlled-release can be achieved,laying a foundation for subsequent animal antibacterial experiments.

BACKGROUNDIn grass-roots hospitals, the rate of misdiagnosis for lung cancer is rather high. The aim of this study is to investigate the reasons of misdiagnosis for lung cancer.

METHODSA total of 31 patients with signs out of lung from 1987 to 2004 were analyzed retrospectively.

RESULTSThere were different degrees of misdiagnosis in these 31 patients. One half of misdiagnostic reasons were medical factors, and the other half were due to patients' carelessness (15 cases/16 cases, 48%/52%). The medical factors included lack of knowledge of medical workers about tumor and limited conditions in grass-roots hospitals. The patient factor was mainly that they did not receive medical treatment in time.

CONCLUSIONSThe key point of reducing the misdiagnostic rate of lung cancer is to improve the professional level of medical workers and popularize peoples' knowledge about lung cancer.

Cerebral artery embolism is a rare but serious complication of facial plastic surgery. This paper reports a case of severe total cerebral arterial fat embolism caused by facial autologous fat injection. The patient past away after 40 hours of treatment. The cause of this total cerebral artery embolism patient was analyzed by tracing relevant medical history and cephalic CTA examination. By studying this case, we hope to reduce the occurrence of similar situations in the future.

This study investigated the perceptions and medical history of third molars (M3s) and assessed the prevalence of visible M3s (V-M3s) among 904 Chinese adults. The enrolled participants were interviewed to complete a structural questionnaire focused on sociodemographic information and their understanding of, attitudes toward, behaviors regarding, and medical history with respect to M3s. In addition, the number of V-M3s in the cohort was determined by oral examination. Logistic regression analysis was performed to explore the association between individuals' sociodemographic characteristics and their perception of M3s or the presence of V-M3s. The Chi-square test was used to compare the actions taken against symptomatic M3s and the corresponding outcomes among different groups divided according to respondents' sociodemographic factors. In total, 904 completed questionnaires were gathered and analyzed. Nearly half (43.9%) of the respondents knew nothing about M3s, and only 12.7% provided correct answers to all the questions asked. Male sex, older age, occupation involving physical labor, and no previous dental experience were active factors in unawareness of M3s. Male sex was also significantly associated with the presence of at least one V-M3 and negative behavior about symptomatic M3s. In terms of medical history, 192 participants reported having had at least one M3 extracted (438 in total), and 72.6% of the M3s were removed due to the presence of related symptoms or pathologies. In conclusion, the population investigated had a shortage of knowledge about M3s and adopted negative attitudes and actions about M3-related problems.