Objective To summarize and analyze data of solid pseudopapillary tumor of pancreas (SPTP) in China,and investigate its epidemiology,clinical features,diagnosis and treatment.Methods Retrieval of Chinese Medical Current Contents and China Biology Medicine disc by the key words of solid pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas,papillary cystic tumor of the pancreas,pancreatic papillary epithelial tumor,cystic solid tumor of pancreas and Frantz tumor were performed,and relevant literatures were included.Results A total of 1180 SPTP patients from 117 articles were involved.There were 1054 women and 126 men and the ratio of male to female was 1:8.37.The average age was 29 years old (range 9 ～83 years).Detailed clinical information was available for 1172 cases,and the main clinical manifestations included abdominal discomfort (n=526,44.88％),medical check-up (n=464,39.59％),abdominal mass (n=131,11.18％).Laboratory and imaging tests were non-specific.The tumors size was 1.3～ 30 cm with a mean value of 7.84 cm.Four handreds and seven (36.8％) cases were located in pancreatic head,96 (8.7％)were in pancreas neck and 587 (53.1％) were in the body and tail of pancreas.Eleven handreds and sixteen patients received treatment,and the resection rate was 99.2％ (n =1107).Pathological examination showed that 628(57.0％) cases were benign and 306 (27.8％) were presented as malignant behavior,mainly as infiltrative growth and invasion of the surrounding organs,vessels.Nine handreds and seventy-seven cases were followed up (ranging from 1 month to 13 years),and re-occurrence or metastasis were detected in 42 cases (4.3％) and 24 patients died.Conclusions Solid pseudopapillary tumor of pancreas is a rare pancreatic tumor with low-grade malignant potential,and part of this tumor may present as malignant behavior and it primarily affects young females.No characteristics in clinical manifestations,laboratory and imaging tests are found.Pathological examination can confirm the diagnosis.Surgical resection is the therapy of choice and the prognosis is good.

Objective To study the risk factors for the reflux of enteral nutrition in the mechanical ventilated ( MV) patients. Methods The data of reflux in 79 MV patients fed by enteral nutrition were collected. These patients were consecutively admitted to intensive care unit (ICU) of the Navy General Hospital from Jan. 2009 to Dec. 2010. Patients' performance conditions,patients' body position,location of feeding tube, way of feeding,tracheotomy,drug intervention were recorded. Simple logistic regression was used to analyze all the risk factors, and statistically significant variables were selected and adopted in multivariate and unconditioned Logistic regression analysis. Results The subjects averagely aged (58.6 ± 15. 3)years old,including 44 males and 35 females;with an APACHE Ⅱ score of 18. 1 ±4.0. Univariate analysis showed that age,position,location of feeding tube,way of feeding, tracheotomy et al were all assoctied with reflux. Advanced age( >60 y) ( OR = 4.577,95% CI 1. 459 - 14. 363, P =0. 009) was an independent risk factor for reflux; semisupination at 30° (OR =0.201,95%CI 0.057 -0.708,P = 0.013),nasalenteral tube (OR =0.267,95% CI0.072 -0.993,P = 0.049) ,and tracheotomy (OR = 0.232,95%CI0.070 -0.763,P =0.016) were independent protecting factors for the reflux. Conclusion Advanced age ( > 60 y) is a high risk factor for the MV patients with enteral nutrition;, semisupination at 30° .nasalenteral feeding,tracheotomy are low risk factors for the MV patients with enteral nutrition.

Objective To study the effect of comprehensive Chinese medicine therapy,including Chinese herbal medicine fumigation,massage,and quadriceps exercise,on adipokines of visfatin and chemerin content in joint fluid of patients with knee osteoarthritis (KOA),and to explore its possible therapeutic mechanism for KOA.Methods A total of 60 cases of KOA patients were randomly divided into treatment group and control group,30 cases in each group.The treatment group was treated with comprehensive Chinese medicine therapy,and the control group was treated with Chinese medicine fumigation alone.After treatment for 2 weeks,the clinical efficacy of both groups was evaluated,and the changes in the scores of the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Arthritis Index (WOMAC)were observed.Moreover,the contents of visfatin and chemerin in jointfluid were examined.Results (1) The total effective rate of the treatment group was 96.7％ and that of the control group was 83.3％,the difference being significant (P ＜ 0.01).(2) After treatment,WOMAC scores of both groups were obviously decreased(P ＜ 0.01 compared with those before treatment),and the decrease in the treatment group was superior to that in the control group (P ＜ 0.01).(3) The contents of visfatin and chemerint in joint synovial fluid of both groups were decreased (P ＜ 0.01 compared with those before treatment),and the decrease in the treatment group was superior to that in the control group(P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion The comprehensive Chinese medicine therapy of Chinese herbal medicine fumigation,massage and quadriceps exercise is effective for the treatment of KOA,and can decrease the contents of visfatin and chemerin in joint fluid of KOA patients,which may be one of its therapeutic mechanisms.

Objective To compare the efficacy of desloratadine citrate disodium versus loratadine in the treatment of chronic urticaria (CU),and to evaluate their effect on serum interleukin (IL)-23,IL-33 and pulmonary and activation-regulated chemokine/CC chemokine ligand 18 (PARC/CCL-18).Methods From January 2013 to December 2016,120 CU patients treated in Department of Dermatology,Wuwei Oncology Hospital were enrolled into this study,and divided into study group and control group by using a random number table.Patients in the study group took oral desloratadine citrate disodium tablets 8.8 mg once a day,and patients in the control group took loratadine tablets 10 mg once a day.The treatment lasted 28 days.The therapeutic effect was compared between the two groups,and changes in serum levels of IL-23,IL-33 and PARC/CCL-18 were compared before and after treatment.Statistical analysis was carried out by using two-sample t test and chi-square test for comparing indices between the two groups.Results The response rate was significantly higher in the study group (88.33％,53/60) than in the control group (61.67％ [37/60],x2 =15.352,P ＜ 0.01).After the treatment,the serum levels of IL-23,IL-33 and PARC/CCL-18 in the study group significantly decreased to 87.72 ± 22.16 ng/L,95.94 ± 18.27 ng/L,85.93 ±27.34 μg/L respectively,which were all lower than those in the control group (104.21 ± 32.05 ng/L,106.27 ±20.93 ng/L,95.72 ± 30.28 μg/L,respectively;t =3.264,4.034,3.934,respectively,P =0.020,0.006,0.015,respectively).No significant difference was observed in the incidence of adverse reactions between the study group and control group (P =0.298).Conclusion Desloratadine citrate disodium can markedly improve the clinical symptoms of CU with favorable safety,likely by inhibiting the immune response of the body and reducing the effect of chemokines on the chemotaxis of inflammatory cells.

Objective To investigate the value of standardized ultrasound screening in diagnosis of fetal congenital heart disease (CHD) during the first trimester. Methods This study retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of 8 383 fetuses who received ultrasound screening during the first trimester in the Dongguan Maternal and Child Health Hospital from September 2015 to December 2016. Standardized ultrasound was performed to observe fetal heart position, apical direction, apical four-chamber view, three vessels and trachea view and the thickness of nuchal translucency (NT). Fetuses with thickened NT or fetal CHD observed during the first and second trimester were followed up. Pregnancy outcomes and the growth of newborns within one year after birth were recorded and analyzed. Pathological results after the termination of pregnancy were compared with the results of routine karyotyping and chromosome microarray analysis (CMA). Results (1) A total of 27 cases of fetal CHD were identified during the first trimester giving a detection rate of 0.32% (27/8 383). These included ten (37.0%) of single atrium and/or single ventricle, seven (25.9%) of endocardial cushion defect (including two complicated by persistent arterial trunk), three (11.1%) of hypoplastic right heart syndrome, three (11.1%) of interventricular septal defect, two (7.4%) of hypoplastic left heart syndrome, one (3.7%) of mirror-image dextrocardia and one (3.7%) of right atrial enlargement and severe tricuspid regurgitation. Nineteen out of the 27 cases had NT thickening (NT≥3.0 mm) and 17 of them had a cystic hygroma (NT≥6.0 mm). Among the 27 cases, 22 were terminated in the first trimester which autopsy results were consistent with ultrasound and the other five were rescreened during the second trimester. Thirteen out of the 27 cases received chorionic villus sampling, and seven of them were found to have chromosomal abnormalities by karyotyping and CMA, among whom one was microdeletion of 22q11. (2) Twenty-one cases of CHD were detected in the second-trimester ultrasound screening, including five initially identified in the first trimester. These cases included four (19.0%) of complex cardiac malformations (with three or more malformations), four (19.0%) of interventricular septal defect, three (14.3%) of dextroaortic arch, left subclavian artery vagus and 'U' shaped vascular ring, three (14.3%) of hypoplastic right heart syndrome (including one complicated by coronary artery-right ventricular fistula and one by interventricular septal defect), two (9.5%) of transposition of the great arteries, two (9.5%) of tetralogy of Fallot, one (4.8%) of hypoplastic left heart syndrome, one (4.8%) of Taussig-Bing anomaly and one (4.8%) of coarctation of the aorta. Among the 16 cases first identified in the second trimester, eight had NT thickening, including one with cystic hygroma. Among the 21 cases, two were lost to follow-up after being transferred to another hospital; four with negative results in karyotype analysis and CMA were delivered vaginally at term (37-40 gestational weeks) with 1-min Apgar scores of ten points and postpartum ultrasound of the baby was consistent with the second-trimester ultrasound screening; 15 were terminated and the autopsy confirmed those findings in the second-trimester ultrasound screening. Eleven out of the 21 cases received amniocentesis and five of them were found to be abnormal according to karyotype analysis and CMA, including one of microdeletion of 22q11. Conclusions Standardized first-trimester ultrasound screening is important and of great clinical value in the diagnosis of fetal CHD. Increased NT thickness could be a key indicator of fetal CHD and chromosomal abnormalities in early pregnancy. CMA may facilitate detecting the abnormality of genetic material in fetuses with normal chromosome karyotype.

Phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K) inhibitors can increase the sensitivity of tumor cells to Poly ADP-ribose polymerase-1 (PARP-1) inhibitors. Therefore, the simultaneous inhibition of the PARP-1 and PI3K activities are expected to overcome the drug resistance of PARP-1 inhibitors.In our previous work, two compounds XW-1 and WZ-1 with excellent activities against PARP-1 and PI3K were obtained with the limitation to further study due to their poor water solubility.Therefore, XW-1 and WZ-1 were chosen as lead compounds to optimize their solubility by introducing a salt-forming site via a urea group, and 11 novel compounds were designed and synthesized. The structure of all target compounds was confirmed by 1H NMR, 13C NMR, and HRMS.The enzyme activities of the compounds against PARP-1 and PI3K were measured, and the results showed that most of the compounds demonstrated good inhibitory activities against PARP-1 and PI3K.Based on the above result, the inhibitory activities of compounds 8b, 8e, and 8f against MDA-MB-231, MDA-MB-468, HCC1937, HCT116, and olaparib-resistant HCT116R were determined by MTT, respectively.Additionally, the structure-activity relationship was discussed. The results showed that these compounds displayed excellent antiproliferation activity.Among them, compound 8f demonstrated antiproliferation remarkably against all five tumor cells, which was more potent than that of olaparib, and was comparable to that of BKM120.Furthermore, the solubility of hydrochloride salts of compound 8b and 8f was significantly improved compared to the lead compounds.The results of this study will provide a theoretical basis for the further development of PARP-1 and PI3K dual-target inhibitors with good pharmaceutical properties and strong inhibitory activities.

Objective To investigate the spatio-temporal characteristics of normal gastric electrical activity.Methods From January 1st to February 29th,2016,fasting gastric electric slow wave signal was collected by high resolution mapping (HRM) under anesthesia before operation in patients without gastric lesions but needed laparoscopic surgery.Parameters of slow wave signal activity was calculated,gastric activity map and velocities was drawn and then spatio-temporal characteristics of gastric electrical activity of different part of the stomach were obtained.Independent sample t test was performed for comparison of two groups and one-way analysis of variance was used for multiple group comparisons.Results The normal gastric pacing zone located in the upper middle part of gastric body near greater curvature.Electrical activity of gastric body spread to gastric antrum along the long axis of the stomach.No slow signal was recorded in the gastric fundus and the gastric cardia.The frequencies of slow waves of different parts of gastric was same and the mean value was 2.61 ±0.11 cycle per minute.Compared with that of gastric body,the slow wave amplitude of gastric pacing zone was higher ((4.19±0.73) mV vs (1.67± 0.89) mV) and the speed was faster (7.24± 1.37) mm/s vs (4.94± 0.20) mm/s);the differences were statistically significant (t=18.89 and 4.95,both P＜0.01).The slow wave amplitude of gastric antrum was higher than that of gastric body ((3.21±0.49) mV vs (1.67±0.89) mV) and the speed was also faster ((6.44±0.82) mm/s vs (4.94±0.20) mm/s);the differences were statistically significant (t=4.85 and 4.95,both P＜0.05).The slow wave amplitude of gastric antrum was lower than that of pacemaker area ((3.21±0.49) mV vs (4.19±0.73) mV),and the difference was statistically significant (t =-3.67,P＜0.05);however,there was no significant difference in wave velocity ((6.44±0.82) mm/s vs (7.24±1.37) mm/s,P＞0.05).Conclusions The normal human gastric pacemaker is located in mid and upper corpus near the greater curvature,which produces slow wave and control whole gastric electrical activity.The amplitude and velocity of slow waves are in gradient changes in different gastric regions.HRM is a mature and reliable research method to study the spatio-temporal characteristics of gastric electrical activity,which provides the possibility for the study of abnormal gastric electrical activity.

OBJECTIVETo observe the effects of dexamethasone on proliferation, differentiation and apoptosis of adult human osteoblasts in vitro.

METHODSIliac trabecular bone specimens were obtained from adult patients undergoing necessary surgery. After the bone pieces were digested with collagenase-trypsin, osteoblasts were released and incubated at 37 degrees C in a relative humidity of 95% and 5% CO2. Then, the cells were purified, and their passages were given DMEM-F12 and fetal bovine serum medium. Subsequently, 10(-8) mol/L dexamethasone was added into the culture medium to incubate the osteoblasts for three days, and the cells from control groups were incubated without any drugs. All cells were observed continually with phase contrast microscope and transmission electron microscope. Finally, apoptosis was detected by the use of terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (TdT)-mediated dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) and biochemical indices, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and osteocalcin (OCN) were used to determine the effects of dexamethasone on proliferation, differentiation and apoptosis of adult osteoblasts in vitro.

RESULTSIn the adult osteoblasts obtained by collagenase-trypsin digestion, it achieved high survival, stable biochemical indices and excellent purification. Under the condition of dexamethasone 10(-8) mol/L and osteoblasts 10,000/ml, there was significant promotion of ALP and OCN secretion without cell apoptosis.

CONCLUSIONSDexamethasone has a significant effect on the proliferation and differentiation of adult osteoblasts in vitro without apoptosis, and dexamethasone at the suggested concentration can be used as positive control in drug studies for osteoporosis treatment.

Adult ; Apoptosis ; drug effects ; Cell Differentiation ; drug effects ; Cell Division ; drug effects ; Cells, Cultured ; Dexamethasone ; pharmacology ; Humans ; In Situ Nick-End Labeling ; Osteoblasts ; cytology ; drug effects

Objective: To summarize the peri-operative management experience of pulmonary endarterectomy (PEA) in patients with chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH). Methods: A total of 56 CTEPH patients received PEA in our hospital from 2015-01 to 2016-11 were retrospectively analyzed. Our study was focused on the medication in respiratory and circulatory system during ICU stay, peri-operative application of vasoactive drug and target drug to pulmonary hypertension (HP), usage of ventilators, mechanical assisted devices and other management experiences. Results: No peri-operative death occurred. There were 2/56 (3.6%) patients with lung reperfusion, 2 (3.6%) with PH crisis. Compared with pre-operation, the post-operative pulmonary artery hemodynamics parameters were improved as right heart catheter measured pulmonary artery systolic pressure (PASP) decreased from (85.05±22.40) mmHg to (36.83 ±17.21) mmHg and pulmonary vascular resistance decreased from (773.84±342.95) dyn·s·cm-5 to (293.59±214.95) dyn·s·cm-5. Post-operative oxygen saturation was maintained at (95-100) % in all patients. Echocardiography found that PASP from pre-operation (85.03±25.78) mmHg decreased to (39.44±19.24) mmHg at follow-up period, P<0.01.Conclusion: A comprehensive peri-operative management of PEA was helpful to improve pulmonary hemodynamics in CTEPH patients; meanwhile, effective prevention and treatment of severe complication could obviously reduce peri-operative mortality.

Objectives: Fitting and forecasting the trend of COVID-19 epidemics. Methods: Based on SEIR dynamic model, considering the COVID-19 transmission mechanism, infection spectrum and prevention and control procedures, we developed SEIR^{+ CAQ} dynamic model to fit the frequencies of laboratory confirmed cases obtained from the government official websites. The data from January 20, 2020 to February 7, 2020 were used to fit the model, while the left data between February 8-12 were used to evaluate the quality of forecasting. Results: According to the cumulative number of confirmed cases between January 29 to February 7, the fitting bias of SEIR^{+ CAQ} model for overall China (except for cases of Hubei province), Hubei province (except for cases of Wuhan city) and Wuhan city was less than 5%. For the data of subsequent 5 days between February 8 to 12, which were not included in the model fitting, the prediction biases were less than 10%. Regardless of the cases diagnosed by clinical examines, the numbers of daily emerging cases of China (Hubei province not included), Hubei Province (Wuhan city not included) and Wuhan city reached the peak in the early February. Under the current strength of prevention and control, the total number of laboratory- confirmed cases in overall China will reach 80 417 till February 29, 2020, respectively. Conclusions The proposed SEIR^{+ CAQ} dynamic model fits and forecasts the trend of novel coronavirus pneumonia well and provides evidence for decision making.