Objective: To prepare 2 composites using different proportions of hydroxyapatite and collagen and to assess their structural and biological properties, so as to pave a way for preparing tissue engineering chest wall scaffold. Methods: Two kinds of hydroxyapatite/collagen composites were prepared according to the weight ratios of 1:1 and 1:2; collagen sponge served as control. Then the structures of the 2 composites and the collagen sponge were observed under SEM. In vivo study was conducted to assess the biocompatibility and biodegradation of the composites by gross inspection and histological examination. Results: The collagen sponge had a 3-D network structure with fluey collagen fibers and poor mechanical strength, and its structure was damaged within 2 weeks after implantation and was completely absorbed 4 weeks later. The hydroxyapatite and collagen were well mixed in the composite with a hydroxyapatite to collagen ratio of 1:2; the composite had homogeneous 3-D porous structure (size of the pore being 100-400 m) and showed good biocompatibility: maintained its porous structure 4 weeks after implantation and was absorbed within 8 weeks. In composite with hydroxyapatite to collagen ratio of 1:1, the hydroxyapatite particles were separated from collagen fiber and conglomerated into masses, and the composite resulted in severe tissue reaction after implantation. Conclusion: When mixed with a reasonable proportion of hydroxyapatite, the collagen sponge has improved structure, biodegradable performance, and biocompatibility; the composite may be a novel scaffold for tissue engineering chest wall reconstruction.

Objective: To prepare a novel surgery mesh made of polydioxanone(PDO) and to study its in vivo degradation properties and the related tissue reaction, so as to provide reference for future clinical application. Methods: PDO mesh was plain-woven and was coated with collagen and chitosan, then they were implanted into the dorsal muscle of rabbits for 2, 4, 8, 12, 16, and 24 weeks. Rabbits implanted with pure PDO mesh served as control. The degradation process of implanted materials, tissue-material interface, and the biological influence of the coating on the mesh were observed; tissue reaction was observed and evaluated by histological means and TEM. Results: Implantation of pure PDO mesh resulted in mild inflammation and fibrous tissues infiltrated into the mesh; degradation occurred during the 8th to the 12th week and degraded completely within 24 weeks; there was no denaturalization, necrosis, and abnormal hyperplasia in the surrounding tissues. Collagen coating stimulated a fibroblastic proliferation and was reabsorbed within 4 weeks; and the naked mesh was infiltrated by fibrous tissues. The chitosan coating showed a strong inhibitory effect on the growth of the surrounding connective tissues. Conclusion: The biodegradable polydioxanone mesh has an excellent biocompatibility, a friendly tissue-material interface and a proper degradation rate matching to the tissue regeneration rate. The biological characteristics of the mesh can be modified by different coatings, making it a very promising degradable surgical mesh.

Chest wall resection and reconstruction remains a severe challenge for reconstructive surgeons, which often leads to conservative treatment regimens in clinical practice, consequently resulting in poor outcomes (high morbidity and mortality). In recent 20 years, advances in muscle flap surgery and availability of chest reconstructive prosthesis have encouraged the surgeons to take an active attitude toward chest wall resection; many "unresectable" lesions now have a chance to be resected and cured. This article reviews the problems concerning the principles for chest wall resection, reconstruction, prosthesis selection, etc. in chest wall reconstruction.

OBJECTIVETo analyse the preoperative conditions and intraoperative anesthetic managements of parturients who underwent Caesarean section and explore possible relationship between perianesthetic managements and prognosis of parturients and fetuses.

METHODSA group of 30 parturients who underwent Caesarean sections under general anesthesia were analysed retrospectively.

RESULTSAll the 30 Caesarean sections were smooth in terms of both procedure and anesthesia.

CONCLUSIONSGeneral anesthesia is still indicated in Caesarean section, although multiple risks may still exist. Considerate perinatal planning, careful preoperative preparations, and delicate intraoperative managements positively contribute to the good prognosis of parturient and fetus.

Adult ; Anesthesia, General ; Anesthesia, Obstetrical ; Apgar Score ; Cesarean Section ; Female ; Humans ; Pregnancy ; Retrospective Studies

Objective:To establish a human lung squamous carcinoma cell line and to study its biological characteristics. Methods:Lung squamous carcinoma specimens were freshly resected during operation;the tissues were incubated in vitro and the cell line was named CHLH-1.The biological characteristics of the cells were studied by light microscopy,electron microsco- py,chromosome analysis and transplantation experiment.Results:Cells from the specimens of the primary tumor,the CHLC- 1 cell line and the cells from transplanted tumor possessed the characteristics of malignant squamous epithelium under light and electron microscope.The cell growth curve,doubling time and mitotic index were also observed in vitro.Nuclear chromosome analysis revealed that the tumor was a subtriploid with a mode of 60-68 per cell.Tumor nodes were observed under the skin of nude mice by heterogenic transplantation.Conclusion:The characteristics of the established cell line suggest that it is a newly established human squamous carcinoma cell line.

In July 1997, a strain (GB30) of virus was isolated from 60 samples of brain tissues of Murina aurata (Chiroptera: Vespertilionidae) co llec ted in Gengma county, Yunnan province, China. Isolation of virus was negative fr om 4 samples of brain tissues of Rousettus leschenaulti (Chiroptera: Pteropo did ae) collected in Gengma. GB30 virus strain could regularly cause illness and dea th in suckling mice, produced evident CPE in BHK21 cells. It agglutinated red b lood cells of dove at pH5.75～7.4. This virus has been identified serologically by hemagglutination inhibition and immunofluorescent tests using Japanese enceph alitis (JE), dengue (DEN) type 1,2,3,4, and chikungunya (CHIK) viruses monoclona l antibodies, and JE and sindbis (SIN) viruses immune sera. It showed specific r eaction to JE virus only and no reaction with DEN 1～4, CHIK and SIN viruses. Th erefore it can be identified as JE virus. This is the first report on the isolat ion of JE virus from Murina aurata. The results showed that bats are conside red as the reservoir and amplifier host of JE virus transmission in nature.

OBJECTIVETo compare the perioperative outcomes of coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) and percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) for treatment of complex coronary artery disease and left ventricular dysfunction.

METHDOSThe clinical data of 966 patients admitted to our hospital from January 2003 to December 2013 with coronary artery disease and left ventricular dysfunction (ejection fraction ≤50%) were retrospectively reviewed. Among the patients, 386 underwent CABG and 580 received PCI. After matching for EuroSCORE risk factors and preoperative echocardiographic parameters, 135 patients with CABG and 135 with PCI were enrolled in this study. With hospital mortality and perioperative major complications as the endpoints, the early outcomes of the procedures were evaluated. Perioperative echocardiography was performed to evaluate the change of left ventricular geometry and function.

RESULTSCompared with CABG group, PCI group had significantly higher incidences of chronic lung disease (8.1% vs 0.7%, P=0.003) and recent myocardial infarction (64.4% vs 31.9%, P=0.000) but significantly lower left-main disease (12.6% vs 23.7%, P=0.018); the other baseline characteristics were comparable between the two groups. Patients with CABG had a greater number of treated target vessels than those with PCI (2.90±0.81 vs 1.67±0.73, P=0.000), and complete revascularization was more common in CABG group (94.8% vs 51.8%, P=0.000). No significant difference was found in perioperative variations of LVEF between the two groups, but patients with CABG had a greater variation in LVEDD than those with PCI. The hospital mortality and other major complications were similar between the two groups.

CONCLUSIONBoth CABG and PCI are safe and reliable revascularization strategies for complex coronary artery disease and left ventricular dysfunction, but CABG can achieve a higher rate of complete revascularization and better improves the left ventricular function.

Coronary Artery Bypass ; Coronary Artery Disease ; surgery ; therapy ; Echocardiography ; Humans ; Incidence ; Percutaneous Coronary Intervention ; Retrospective Studies ; Risk Factors ; Treatment Outcome ; Ventricular Dysfunction, Left ; therapy ; Ventricular Function, Left

OBJECTIVELamiophlomis rotata is a common wild herb in Tibetan traditional medicine with important medicinal and economic value. The paper examines the wild distributions, exploitation regime, and situations.

METHODA variety of research methods, such as literature survey, specimens inspection, market information collection in major Chinese herbal markets, questionnaire of herbalists and employers of local governments and institutions, and field quadrat survey and AcrGIS as well, have been used for this work.

RESULTTotal stock of wild resources of L. rotata is ranging from 3 713.49 tons to 6 896.56 tons (2 519-3 314 t in Qinghai, 490-1 414 t in Gansu, 641-1 167 t in Sichuan, and 422-999 t in Tibet, respectively), acceptable harvest quantity of the herb is ranging from 908-1 675 t per year, and actual harvest quantity is 2 520 t annually far beyond the acceptable harvest quantity.

CONCLUSIONHarvesting quantity of L. rotata is far more than that of acceptable, suggesting that utilization pattern of this wild resource plant is unsustainable. L. rotata seems to act as an indicating plant of degraded ecosystem of high-altitude grassland, shrub grassland, and wetland, and distributes in those degraded and degrading plateau ecosystems, and the plant is facing with pressure of ecological protection and wild resource population degradation. Wild population monitoring and standard cultivation are of importance for although they are far from implementation due to shortage of related basic studies.

China ; Conservation of Natural Resources ; Ecosystem ; Lamiaceae ; growth & development ; Plants, Medicinal ; growth & development

Adolescent ; Adult ; Age Factors ; Aged ; Body Mass Index ; China ; epidemiology ; Fatty Liver ; diagnostic imaging ; epidemiology ; etiology ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Mass Screening ; Middle Aged ; Prevalence ; Sex Factors ; Ultrasonography

OBJECTIVETo observe the binding power of polymyxin B (PMB) and its simulation peptide to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and lipoid A.

METHODSLPS and lipoid A were separately coated on biosensor. 5 microl of PMB (0.01 microg/L) 5 microl of its simulating peptide 1 (PMBSP1 0.01 microg/L) and 5 microl of its simulating peptide 2 (PMBSP2, 0.01 microg/L) were respectively added into the hydrophobic sample pool. The combining power of PMB and its simulating peptides PMBSP1 and PMBSP2 to LPS and lipoid A was compared. RESULTS (1) PMBSP1 almost did not bind LPS and lipoid A, while PMB and PMBSP2 possessed high affinity with LPS and lipoid A. (2) The peak value (98.41 +/- 7.31) rad/s of PMBSP2 binding LPS was much higher than that (83.58 +/- 5.42) rad/s of PMB in binding LPS (P < 0.05). While the peak value of PMB in binding lipoid A was similar to that of PMBSP2. (3) The peak value of PMB binding LPS was significantly lower than that of PMB in binding lipoid A (P < 0.05). But there was no difference between the peak value of PMBSP2 in binding LPS and that of PMBSP2 in binding lipoid A. (4) PMBSP2 could bind to LPS and lipoid A in a shorter time to reach peak levels.

CONCLUSIONCompared with PMB, the PMBSP2 could bind to LPS and lipoid A in a shorter time. In addition, PMBSP2 exhibited similar affinity to LPS and lipoid A. This indicated that PMBSP might possess better anti-LPS activity due to its lack of space steric hindrance when PMBSP binding the lipoid A of LPS.

Cell Wall ; chemistry ; Endotoxins ; Gram-Negative Bacteria ; Lipopolysaccharides ; chemistry ; toxicity ; Peptides ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Polymyxin B ; chemistry ; pharmacology