Breast Neoplasms ; epidemiology ; metabolism ; pathology ; Cadherins ; metabolism ; Carcinoma, Lobular ; epidemiology ; metabolism ; pathology ; Catenins ; metabolism ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Female ; Humans ; Keratins ; metabolism ; Lymphoma ; metabolism ; pathology ; Mastitis ; metabolism ; pathology ; Plasmacytoma ; metabolism ; pathology

Objective To grasp the basic situation concerning visits by emergency outpatients to big urban hospitals before the implementation of reform in the medical insurance system in our city. Methods An investigation was made by means of profile survey questionnaires into the form of medical security of emergency outpatients, the sources of patients, referrals of patients, and the evaluation of doctors. Results Current emergency outpatient services in big urban hospitals have the following features: fairly great medical demands and attraction, widespread sources of patients, and pretty strong advantages in comprehensive clinical treatment. At the same time, before the implementation of reform in the basic medical insurance system, existing medical security setups, which are in the stage of transition, are characterized by a variety of types, a pretty narrow coverage in the provision of medical security and a rather high proportion of self-paying patients. Conclusion It is imperative to actively promote reform of the medical insurance system, formulate regional health plans that conform to the situation in our country, and expand the functions of community medical healthcare.

Antidiuretic Hormone Receptor Antagonists ; Heart Failure ; drug therapy ; Humans

Objective To investigate the effects of different afferent nerve injury on development of neuropathic pain and its relationship with brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in spinal cord and dorsal root ganglion (DRG) in rats. Methods Twenty-four male SD rats aged 2 months weighing 200-250 g were randomly divided into 3 groups:group Ⅰ sham operation (group S); group Ⅱ sural nerve injury (group SUR) and group Ⅲ gastrocnemius-soleus nerve injury (group GS). Sural nerve and gastrocnemius-soleus nerve were transected in group SUR and GS respectively. Paw withdrawal threshold to von Frey filament stimulation was measured the day before and at day 3 and 7 after operation. The animals were killed at postoperative day 7 after the measurement of paw withdrawal threshold. The ipsllateral L5 DRG and L5 segment of the spinal cord were removed. BDNF expression in the spinal dorsal horn was determined. The percentage of BDNF positive neurons and ATF-3 positive neurons in the total DRG neurons and the percentage of BDNF positive neurons in the damaged neurons (ATF-3 positive) were calculated. Results Mechanical hyperalgesia developed after transection of gastrocnemius-soleus muscle in group GS. Mechanical pain threshold was sinificantly lower, while BDNF expression in the spinal dorsal horn and the percentage of BDNF positive neurons in total DRG neurons were significantly higher in group GS than in group S and SUR (P ＜ 0.01). There was no significant difference in all variables between group SUR and S (P＞0.05). There was no significant difference in the percentage of ATF-3 positive neurons in the total DRG neurons between group GS and SUR (P ＞ 0.05), but the percentage of BDNF positive neurons in the damaged neurons (ATF-3 positive) was significantly higher in group GS than in group SUR (P ＜ 0.05). Conclusion Transection of the afferent nerve innervating muscle can produce neuropathic pain through up-regulation of BDNF expression in spinal dorsal horn and DRG in rats, while transection of the afferent nerve innervating skin can not.

Aim To evaluate the effect and mechanism of vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF) and Cysteine protease aspartic acid-3(Caspase-3) inhibition of human hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)implants in nude mice by nanometer magnetic interferon-?2b liposome targeting therapy.Methods Thirty nude mices bearing human HCC were divided into 5 groups of 6 mice:group 1,saline(NS);group 2,free interferon-?2b group(IFN);group 3,interfe-ron-?2b liposome group(IL);group 4,magnetic liposome group(ML);group 5,nanometer magnetic interferon-?2b liposome group(MIL).Above dosage of 200 ?l/nude mice was respectively injected through the caudal vein in these 6 groups.Meantime,magnetic field with the strength of 5000 GS was added to the tumor surface about 30 min,and this therapy was done three times.After 30 days,the mices were killed and the tumors were taken out.The difference at the mRNA expression level of VEGF and Caspase-3 was observed by RT-PCR between the experimental group and control group.The protein expression level of VEGF and Caspase-3 was detected by western blot between the experimental group and control group.Results Targeting therapy study in nude mice bearing human HCC displayed that the growth speed of tumor in the MIL group significantly slowed down than other groups.The tumor inhibition rate of MIL group was 62.50%,which was remarkably higher than those of the IFN group(27.61%) and IL group(28.17%).RT-PCR showed that the mRNA expression of VEGF of MIL group is the lowest of all groups(P

Coronary Sinus ; abnormalities ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Subclavian Vein ; Vena Cava, Superior

Objective To establish a novel direct radio-labeling method for 99Tcm-IgG and evaluate the biologic distribution of 99Tcm-IgG.Methods IgG protein was modified with 2-mercaptoethanol.Sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE),UV-vis spectrophotometer,matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight (MALDI-TOF) were used to identify the concentration,integrity of the modified protein.Then radiolabeled IgG-SH with 99TcmO4-was analyzed with radio-HPLC.The product was prepared as frozen kits.The distribution and metabolic process of 99Tcm-IgG were observed in New Zealand white rabbits.Results The relative molecular mass of IgG-SH and IgG measured by SDA-PAGE were similar.The relative molecular mass measured by MALDI-TOF was 1.47× 105.The radiolabeling yield was over 95％,the specific activity was 1.7× 105 GBq/mmol.All the radioactive conjugates of 99Tcm-IgG showed excellent stability in vitro.And more than 95％ conjugates retained their original structures for 6 h in 5％ BAS.Gamma imaging in New Zealand white rabbits showed blood retention in first 4 h after injection,and prominent uptake of radiotracers in the liver,kidneys,and urinary bladder at 24 h after injection,which indicated that 99Tcm-IgG was excreted mainly through the renal route.99Tcm-IgG kept its original biological activity after the modification.Conclusions Direct radio-labeling of 99Tcm-IgG was successfully established.The methods may be useful for radio-modification of monoclonal antibody.

Objective:This study aimed to detect the special methylation profile in peripheral blood for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Methods:The methylation status of 12 tumor suppressor genes (TSGs) in the plasma of 55 HCCs and 54 chronic liver diseases (CLDs) was tested by methylation-specific PCR (MSP). Results:In HCC, the methylation frequencies were 78.18%in APC, 63.64%in cyclin D2, 58.18% in TFPI2, 49.09% in DKK3, 49.09% in GSTP1, 47.27% in p16, 40.00% in Sigma 14-3-3, 18.18% in SFRP2, 16.36% in ppENK, 9.09% in DKK2, 7.27% in NPTX2, and 5.45% in LHX1. In CLD, the methylation frequencies were 27.78% in APC, 22.22%in cyclin D2, 7.41%in TFPI2, 3.70%in DKK3, 16.67%in GSTP1, 37.04%in p16, 37.04%in Sigma 14-3-3, 11.11%in SFRP2, 20.37%in ppENK, 7.41%in DKK2, 7.41%in NPTX2, and 9.26%in LHX1. The methylation frequencies of APC, cyclin D2, TFPI2, DKK3, and GSTP1 were higher in HCC than in CLD (P<0.01). The methylation index (MI) of the five-gene methylation profile was statistically higher in HCC (median, 0.6;IQR, 0.4-0.8) than CLD (median, 0.2;IQR, 0-0.2) (P<0.01). In HCC, MI was statistically related to the patient's age. Older patients with HCC had a higher MI. No significant correlation was observed between MI and other clinicopathological data. Moreover, MI was not related to the disease free survival and the overall survival in HCC. Conclusion:This five-gene methylation profile may be a promising biomarker for the assistant diagnosis of HCC.

BACKGROUND:Studies have shown that human placenta-derived mesenchymal stem cells with strong proliferative ability have rich sources and can remarkably promote tendon-bone healing after celltransplantation.
OBJECTIVE:To observe the effect of human placenta-derived mesenchymal stem cells on tendon-bone healing in a bone tunnel.
METHODS:Human placenta-derived mesenchymal stem cells were separated using adherent separation screening method. Thirty 8-week-old male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into two groups, 15 rats as experimental group and 15 rats as control group. Experimental group were subjected to transplantation of human placenta-derived mesenchymal stem cells and the control group were injected with saline solution.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Stem cells, new vessels, and fibrocartilage hyperplasia were observed on the tendon-bone interface with microscope at 2, 4 and 6 weeks after celltransplantation in the experimental group. Biomechanical y, the maximum pul out load in the experimental group was significantly higher than that in the control group at 4 and 6 weeks after celltransplantation (P<0.05). These findings suggest that human placenta-derived mesenchymal stem cells can accelerate early tendon-bone healing in a bone tunnel and strengthen the biomechanical strength.

Objective To investigate the efficacy of percutaneous renal access with balloon dilation for staghorn calculi.Methods Eighty-nine cases with PCNL were enrolled from February 2012 to March 2015.Clinical data including the time for setting the renal access, operation time, residual stone rate, complications were analyzed.Results Eighty-nine cases established nephrostomy tracts successfully.The average time for setting the renal access was (5.7 ± 1.0) min (4-8 min).The average of operation time was (62.6 ± 14.1) min (37-87min).The average of Hemoglobin decline rate was (6.3 ± 2.5)％ (2.8％-16.9％).The residual stone rate was 12.5％.Conclusions PCNL with ballon dilation is a fast, safe and effective means for staghorn calculi.It is worth using for staghorn calculi.