The biochemical mechanism of degrading keratins by S.fradiae var S-221 was primarily studied.The compounds (Na_ 2 SO_ 4 , Na_ 2 SO_ 3 and sulfdryl acohol), which respecitively enhance specific activity of keratinase, activate keratinase intensively and mainly act on the disulfide bonds reductase in the keratinase, Na_ 2 SO_ 3 activates intensively both disulfide bonds reductase and polypeptide hydrolytase at 0.01 mol/L, whereas Na_ 2 S_ 2 O_ 3 , which acts on the disulfide bonds reductase, inhibits keratinase.On the condition that substrate, keratins exists, S.fradiae var S-221 is induced to produce exo-keratinase, which is a multiproteinase, containing disulfide bonds reductase, which is a key enzyme degrading keratins, then, with polypeptidic, hydrolytase, graduately hydrolyzates denatured keratins into polypeptides, oligopeptides and free amino acids, so that keratins have been decomposed completely.Sulfur in the keratins was transferred into sulfhydryl compounds, H_ 2 S and sulfates in the course of keratinolysine.

6.24 mmol/L) and sixty healthy persons in the health center of our hospital were investigated as hyperhpidemia group (Hyperlipidemias) and control group (Controls) respectively.Hyperlipidemias were given simvastatin 20 mg?d~(-1) for twelve weeks (Statins).Blood samples of ulnar vein were extracted from Statins at the end of twelve weeks as well as Controls and Hyperhpidemias at the beginning of the experiment. Blood serum,plasma and mononuclearcell were extracted and stored at a refrigerator of-80℃.The level of plasma angiotensinⅡwas detected by the method of radioimmunity.While the expression of RANTES mRNA and protein on mononuclearcell were assessed by real time reverse transcription polymerse chain reaction and Western blot respectively.Results①The plasma angiotensinⅡof Hyperlipidemias was higher than that of Controls [(92.13?22.03) vs (50.85?12.12),P

Objective To evaluate the clinical effect in the treatment of the young patients(≤45 years old) with acute myocardial infarction(AMI)underwent emergent percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty(PTCA) combined with Lipo-PGE_1.Methods 39 patients with AMI(paroxysm within 12 hours),were underwent emergent PTCA(coronary stem performed in some patients),including 18 cases which were treated combined with Lipo-PGE_1 in the mean time.And the clinical efficacy and the results of short-period follow-up were recorded.Results The in- farctive vasculars were re-open in 37 patients(23 cares were routinely placed translunrinal srents),and the successful rate was 94.9 %.Those who also used Lipo-PGE_1 were re-open in 17 patients.The successful rate was 94.4 %,their ST segments on EKG 30 minutes after operations reduced significantly than that of patients who did not use Lipo- PGE_1,their cardial functions were also improved significantly 24 hours after operations and no side effects on blood pressure and heart rate were observed.Conclusion The emergent PTCA combined with Lipo-PGE_1 for acute my- ocardial infarction can protect the cardial function and show a better early therapy effect.

OBJECTIVETo explore the expression and sequence of ERCC1 gene in CdCl2-induced transformed human bronchial epithelial 16HBE cells at different stages.

METHODSReverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and immunohistochemcial staining (SP method) were used to measure the ERCC1 mRNA and protein expression in 16HBE cells at different passages treated with CdCl2 (the 5th, 15th, 35th passage, and neoplastic cells from tumors formed in nude mice). ERCC1 exon 3,exon 4 of the 16HBE cells and tumor cells from nude mice were amplified by polymerase chain reactions (PCR), the amplified DNA strips were purified,and the exons were detected by DNA analysis.

RESULTSDuring the passages of 16HBE cells treated with CdCl2, the expression of ERCC1 gene was decreased gradually. The ERCC1 gene mRNA and protein expression levels of the CdCl2-transformed 35th passage 16HBE cells and tumor cells from nude mice were significantly decreased comparing with those in non-transformed 16HBE cells (P < 0.01). In the CdCl2-induced tumorigenic cells in nude mice, there was adenine (A) deletion in 1st site of ERCC1 exon 4. The mutation was frame shift mutation.

CONCLUSIONThe decreased expression and mutation of ERCC1 gene may be the possible carcinogenic mechanism of CdCl2.

Animals ; Bronchi ; cytology ; Cadmium Chloride ; toxicity ; Cell Transformation, Neoplastic ; Cells, Cultured ; DNA-Binding Proteins ; genetics ; metabolism ; Endonucleases ; genetics ; metabolism ; Epithelial Cells ; cytology ; metabolism ; Exons ; Frameshift Mutation ; Humans ; Mice ; Mice, Nude ; RNA, Messenger ; metabolism

FIZZ/RELM is a new gene family named "found in inflammatory zone" (FIZZ) or "resistin-like molecule" (RELM). FIZZ1/RELMα is specifically expressed in lung tissue and associated with pulmonary inflammation. Chronic cigarette smoking up-regulates FIZZ1/RELMα expression in rat lung tissues, the mechanism of which is related to cigarette smoking-induced airway hyperresponsiveness. To investigate the effect of exercise training on chronic cigarette smoking-induced airway hyperresponsiveness and up-regulation of FIZZ1/RELMα, rat chronic cigarette smoking model was established. The rats were treated with regular exercise training and their airway responsiveness was measured. Hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining, immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization of lung tissues were performed to detect the expression of FIZZ1/RELMα. Results revealed that proper exercise training decreased airway hyperresponsiveness and pulmonary inflammation in rat chronic cigarette smoking model. Cigarette smoking increased the mRNA and protein levels of FIZZ1/RELMα, which were reversed by the proper exercise. It is concluded that proper exercise training prevents up-regulation of FIZZ1/RELMα induced by cigarette smoking, which may be involved in the mechanism of proper exercise training modulating airway hyperresponsiveness.
Animals ; Lung ; physiopathology ; Male ; Nerve Growth Factor ; metabolism ; Physical Conditioning, Animal ; methods ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Respiratory Hypersensitivity ; physiopathology ; Smoking ; physiopathology ; Up-Regulation

OBJECTIVETo analysis the early complications of tibial fracture and its related factors, and propose a solution.

METHODSFrom December 2003 to December 2013,38 patients with early complications of tibial plateau fracture after operation were retrospectively analyzed. There were 35 males and 3 females, aged from 37 to 69 years old (averaged 42.3 years). According to Schatzker classification, 3 cases were classified as type II, 2 cases as type III, 2 cases as type IV, 19 cases as type V, 12 cases as type VI. The intervals between injury and operation ranged from 9 hours to 9 days, 26 cases within 3 days. Fifteen cases were treated with internal fixation of plates and 23 were treated by plate fixation and bone transplantation. Early complications included skin necrosis in 15 cases, infection in 6 cases, osteofascial compartment syndrome in 3 cases, common peroneal nerve injury in 2 cases, the superficial peroneal nerve injury in 3 cases, popliteal artery injury in 2 cases, loss of reduction in 7 cases.

RESULTSThe wound of 14 cases healed at the first stage and 24 cases healed delay. Hospitalization days ranged from 7 to 67 days (averaged 25.6 days). All patients were followed up for 12 to 36 months with an average of 16.4 months. The fracture healing time ranged from 3 to 9 months (averaged 6.9 months). According to Merchant knee function evaluation criteria, the results were excellent in 19 cases, good in 12, fair in 5 and poor in 2.

CONCLUSIONEarly complications of tibial fracture after operation is closely associated with the severe fracture complexity and related with preoperative preparation, surgical timing, operation incision selection and surgical technique. Early detection and timely processing reduce damage.

Adult ; Aged ; Female ; Humans ; Length of Stay ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Postoperative Complications ; therapy ; Tibial Fractures ; surgery

OBJECTIVETo detect the point mutations by chip-based capillary electrophoresis and to provide a rapid and sensitive technique detection for beta-thalassemia.

METHODSMultiplex primer-extension reaction was used to amplify the common loci of the samples for beta-thalassemia. The reaction products were detected by the chip-based capillary electrophoresis and the genotypes of the samples were discrened.

RESULTSA system was constructed to detect the point mutations of beta-thalassemia by chip-based capillary electrophoresis, and the technology was ralidated by the patients' samples and the results coincided with those of detection kit.

CONCLUSIONBeta-thalassemia can be detected by chip-based capillary electrophoresis rapidly with a small amount of samples. It would be a new detection method of the genetic disorders.

Electrophoresis, Capillary ; methods ; Female ; Genetic Diseases, Inborn ; diagnosis ; genetics ; Humans ; Male ; Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis ; methods ; beta-Thalassemia ; diagnosis ; genetics

OBJECTIVETo explore the expression and sequence of human MutS homologue 2 (hMSH2) during different stages of human bronchial epithelial (16HBE) cells induced by cadmium chloride (CdCl2).

METHODSReverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and immunohistochemical staining (SP method) were used to measure the hMSH2 mRNA and protein expression in 16HBE cells and its different passage cells treated by CdCl2 (the 5th, 15th, 35th passage, and neoplasm cells from nude mice's tumor tissue). hMSH2 exon 6, hMSH2 exon 7, hMSH2 exon 8, hMSH2 exon 9, hMSH2 exon 12 of the 16HBE cells and neoplasm cells from nude mice's tumor tissue were amplified by polymerase chain reactions (PCR). The amplified DNA strips were purified. Then the exons were detected by DNA analysis.

RESULTSDuring the passages of 16HBE cells treated with CdCl2, the expression of hMSH2 gene were decreased gradually. The hMSH2 gene mRNA and protein expression levels of the CdCl2 transformed 35th 16HBE cells and tumorigenic cells of nude mice significant decreased compared with non-transformed 16HBE cells (P < 0.01). In the tumorigenic cells of nude mice induced by CdCl2, there were thymine (T) deletion in 1st, 2nd and 7th site of hMSH2 exon 8, there were adenine (A) deletion in 20th and 182th site of hMSH2 exon 9, there were adenine (A) insertion in 241st site of hMSH2 exon 12. All the mutations were frame shift mutation.

CONCLUSIONThe expression decreased and the mutation of hMSH2 gene may be the possible carcinogenic mechanism for CdCl2.

Animals ; Bronchi ; cytology ; Cadmium Chloride ; toxicity ; Cell Line ; Cell Transformation, Neoplastic ; chemically induced ; genetics ; metabolism ; Epithelial Cells ; drug effects ; metabolism ; pathology ; Humans ; Mice ; Mice, Nude ; MutS Homolog 2 Protein ; genetics ; metabolism ; Mutation ; RNA, Messenger ; genetics

Objective To evaluate the diagnostic value of brain SPECT imaging with a novel Aβ plaque probe,131 I-2-(4'-dimethylaminophenyl) -6-iodoimidazo[ 1,2-α ] pyridine ( 131 I-IMPY) in early AD.Methods Thirteen patients with AD (3 males,10 females,age ranged 52 - 79 y),11 with mild cognitive impairment (MCI,4 males,7 females,age ranged 48 - 67 y) and 14 normal controls (6 males,8 females,age ranged 42 - 67 y) were enrolled in this study.131I-IMPY SPECT imaging was acquired in 2 -3 h after the agent injection.ROIs were drawn on cerebral lobes and cerebellum.The ratios of mean radioactivity of cerebral lobes over cerebellum (Rcl/cb) were calculated.The t-test was used for data analysis.Results In patients with MCI,Rcl/cb ratios were increased in parietal gyrus,temporal gyrus and frontal gyrus (right:1.15±0.18,1.18±0.12,1.14±0.14; left:1.16±0.11,1.19±0.18,1.15±0.09)compared with those in normal control group ( right:1.02 ± 0.12,1.05 ± 0.14,1.01 ± 0.12 ; left:1.03 ±0.13,1.05 ±0.13,1.01 ±0.14; t:2.1642 to 2.8757,all P ＜0.05).Rcl/cb ratios of basel ganglia and occipital gyms in MCI group (right:0.92 ±0.18,1.12 ±0.15; left:0.94 ±0.15,1.13 ±0.17) showed no statistical difference compared with those in normal control group (right:0.82 ±0.15,1.06 ±0.18;left:0.85 ±0.16,1.08 ±0.15; t:0.7805 to 1.4344,all P＞0.05).In patients with AD,Rcl/cb ratios were increased in parietal,temporal,basal ganglia and occipital lobes (right:1.16 ±0.19,1.24 ±0.17,1.16 ±0.13,1.14±0.11,1.23±0.10; left:1.17±0.21,1.25±0.15,1.18±0.08,1.17±0.16,1.25±0.11)compared with those in normal control group( t:2.1001 to 6.2789,all P ＜0.05).Rcl/cb ratios of parietal,temporal and frontal lobes in AD group showed no statistical difference compared with those in MCI group (t:0.1316 to 0.9806,all P ＞ 0.05 ),while Rcl/cb ratios of basal ganglia and occipital lobes in AD group were increased compared with those in MCI group ( t:2.0850 to 3.6772,all P ＜ 0.05 ).Conclusion 131 I-IMPY as a β- amyloid plaque probe for brain SPECT imaging may be potentially helpful for early diagnosis of AD.

OBJECTIVE: To compare effects of three different methods for mtDNA extraction from common sarcosaphagous insects including cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide (CTAB) method, sodium dodecyl sulfate-potassium acetate (SDS-KAc) method and sodium dodecyl sulfate-proteinase K (SDS-PK) method. METHODS: Seventy-two insects from four species [Chrysomya megacephala (Fabricius, 1784), Eusilpha bicolor (Fairmaire, 1896), Paraeutrichopus pecoudi (Mateu, 1954), Vespa velutina (Lepeletier, 1836)] were collected from the corpses of the rabbits in Changsha district. The total DNA of above samples was extracted by CTAB, SDS-Kac and SDS-PK methods. The purity and concentration of DNA were examined by protein-nucleic acid spectrophotometry, and mtDNA were amplified by specific primers and PCR products were detected by agarose gel electrophoresis. Then PCR products were sequenced and subsequently up-loaded to GenBank. RESULTS: mtDNA was successfully extracted with three methods from most of the samples. The SDS-PK method was better in DNA purity compared to other methods and the CTAB method was superior in extracting DNA from old samples, while SDS-KAc method showed no significant difference for extraction effects of different samples. CONCLUSION The most appropriate method should be chosen depending on different situations. SDS-PK method is expected to obtain high-quality DNA, while CTAB method is preferred in extracting obsolete samples. SDS-KAc method is low cost and can be used in various kinds of preliminary experiments.
Animals ; Coleoptera/genetics* ; DNA Primers ; DNA, Mitochondrial/isolation & purification* ; Diptera/genetics* ; Electrophoresis, Agar Gel ; Entomology ; Forensic Medicine/methods* ; Gene Amplification ; Insecta/genetics* ; Polymerase Chain Reaction/methods* ; Quaternary Ammonium Compounds/chemistry* ; Rabbits ; Reproducibility of Results ; Sequence Analysis, DNA ; Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate/chemistry*