Objectives: To investigate the effects of adhesion and proliferation of bone mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) in the surface of lactic acid/glycolic acid/asparagic acid-co-polyethylene glycol PLGA-[ASP-PEG] tri-block polymer scaffolds, try to find a new biomaterial to induce seed cells in vitro for bone tissue engineering. Methods: Modified PLGA with polyethylene glycol (PEG) and asparagic acid (ASP) that has many ligands, and synthesis PLGA-[ASP-PEG] polymer material. BMSCs were cultured in PLGA-[ASP-PEG] polymer material and PLGA used as control group. Through precipitation method, MTT assay and total cellular protein detection to test the adhersion and proliferation of BMSCs. Scanning electron microscope is used to observe cells appearance. Results: BMSCs on the surface of PLGA-[ASP-PEG] polymer scaffolds are adherention to the culture flask, the number of cells is much higher than PLGA’s. The precipitation method suggest that adhesion and proliferation of BMSCs on the surface of PLGA-[ASP-PEG] is much higher than the control group(P

Human herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1) causes facial,ocular,and encephalitic disease and is associated with latent infection and cancer.Here,we developed a means of studying the pathogenesis of HSV-1 infection at the protein level by using the SELDI Protein Chip to detect changes of protein expression in Vero cells cultured in vitro.After infection with HSV-1 and culture for 12,24 or 48 h,cells were harvested and lysed.IMAC3 arrays were applied to SELDI-TOF-MS to detect proteomic differences before and after infection.The chip detected a series of differentially expressed protein peaks.Interestingly,both peaks at 16 912 Da and 17 581 Da corresponded precisely with the molecular mass of ISG 15,which may participate in antiviral activity during the process of infection.Thus,the results we obtained can serve as a basis to study the pathogenesis of HSV-1 and the interaction between the virus and its host.In addition,they can help in the discovery of new therapeutic targets for treatment of HSV-1 infection.

OBJECTIVETo improve the anti-tumor effect of dendritic cytoma vaccine (DCV) for finding an effective anti-tumor biotherapy.

METHODSDC vaccine prepared by transfection of adenovirus mediated melanoma-associated antigen gene (gp100) into bone marrow-derived dendritic cell (DC) was used to study the immuno-therapeutic effect and the mechanism of lentinan (LNT) in different dosages, used alone or combined with gp100-DC for treatment of B16 melanoma bearing mice.

RESULTSAfter being treated with LNT combining gp100-DC, the growth of malignant melanoma was inhibited with the tumor-free survival in the experimental animals being 66.7%. The treatment could also significantly enhance the activity of cytotoxicity T lymphocyte (CTL) and natural killer (NK) cells, elevate the levels of interleukin-2 (IL-2) and interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) in splenocytes, and histological examination showed that a large amount of inflammatory cells infiltrated inside and around the tumor, and obvious necrosis of tumor cells was found.

CONCLUSIONBy combined use with LNT the anti-tumor immuno-reaction of DCV vaccine could be enhanced effectively.

Adjuvants, Immunologic ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Animals ; Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Cancer Vaccines ; administration & dosage ; immunology ; Cell Line ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Combined Modality Therapy ; Dendritic Cells ; cytology ; immunology ; Female ; Humans ; Lentinan ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Melanoma, Experimental ; immunology ; pathology ; therapy ; Membrane Glycoproteins ; genetics ; immunology ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Random Allocation ; Shiitake Mushrooms ; chemistry ; Survival Analysis ; Transfection ; gp100 Melanoma Antigen

Achyranthes bidentata polysaccharides (ABPS) was extracted from the root of A. bidentata. Dendritic cells (DC), which were stimulated with ABPS and/or tumor antigen SW480, were co-cultured with cytokine induced killer cells (CIK) to test the cytotoxic effect on colon cancer cell line SW480. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMNCs) which were separated from human peripheral blood were cultured to DC and CIK separately. (1) DC were divided into four groups: pure DC served as control group; ABPS (50 mg x L(-1)) stimulated DC served as experimental group; SW480 tumor antigen stimulated DC served as the second experimental group; ABPS (50 mg x L(-1)) and SW480 tumor antigen co-stimulated DC served as the third experimental group. Flow cytometry was used to detect the difference of the positive rate of molecules in the cell surface of DC, include CD80, CD86, CD1c, CD40, HLA-DR (6 samples for each group). (2) The four DC groups were mixed with CIK at the ratio 1:5 and acted as effect cells (DC + CIK groups), and the colon cancer cell line SW480 acted as target cells. The effect cells and the target cells were mixed together at the ratio 30: 1, 20:1 and 10:1 separately, and the CCK-8 kit was used to test the cytotoxic effect on colon cancer cell line SW480. (3) At the mixing ratio 30:1 of effect cells and target cells, ELISA was used to test the level of cytokines secretion, including IL-2, IL-12p70, IL-17 and TNF-alpha, in the liquid supernatant of every test group (3 duplication per sample). The results showed as following: (1) The positive rates of CD80, CD11c, HLA-DR, in the cell surface of DC which was co-stimulated by ABPS (50 mg x L(-1)) and SW480 tumor antigen, were obviously higher than the other DC groups (P < 0.05), and the positive rates of CD86, CD40 were obviously higher than the pure DC group (P < 0.05), and there was no remarkable difference with the other two DC groups. (2) At the mixing ratio 30:1, 20:1 and 10:1 of the effect cells and the target cells, the cytotoxic effect of ABPS stimulated DC + CIK group and SW480 tumor antigen stimulated DC + CIK group was obviously higher than DC + CIK group (P < 0.05), the cytotoxic effect of ABPS and SW480 tumor antigen co-stimulated DC + CIK group was obviously higher than all the other groups. (3) At the mixing ratio 30:1 of the effect cells and the target cells, the secretion levels of IL-12p70 and TNF-alpha in the liquid supernatant of the ABPS and SW480 tumor antigen co-stimulated DC + CIK group were obviously higher than all the other groups (P < 0.05), the secretion levels of IL-2 and IL-17 in the liquid supernatant of every test group have no remarkable difference. The cytotoxic effect of ABPS stimulated DC + CIK on SW480 was obviously increased. The cytotoxic effect of ABPS and SW480 tumor antigen co-stimulated DC + CIK group was obviously higher than all the other.
Achyranthes ; chemistry ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cell Proliferation ; drug effects ; Cells, Cultured ; Colonic Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; immunology ; physiopathology ; Cytokine-Induced Killer Cells ; drug effects ; immunology ; Cytotoxicity, Immunologic ; drug effects ; Dendritic Cells ; drug effects ; immunology ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; Humans ; Interferon-gamma ; immunology ; Interleukin-2 ; immunology ; Polysaccharides ; pharmacology

A systematic review was undertaken, including studies that evaluated the incidence of the blood system adverse events of Tripterygium wilfordii (TWP). Medline, Embase and the Cochrane library were searched for relevant studies, including RCT, cohort studies and case series, of patients treated with TWP published in English and Chinese from inception up until May 25th, 2013 with the keywords including "Tripterygium wilfordii", "toxicity", "reproductive", "side effect", "adverse", "safety" and "tolerability". Relevant information was extracted and the incidence of the blood system adverse events was pooled with MetaAnalyst software. Besides, subgroup and sensitivity analyses were performed based on age, mode of medicine, observation time and disease system. According to inclusion and exclusion criteria, a total of 49 articles were included in the meta-analysis, they were split into 54 researches incorporated in the analysis. There is a large degree of heterogeneity among the studies, so data was analyzed using random-effects model and the summary estimates of incidence of the blood system adverse events was 6.1%. The weighted combined incidence of three major blood system adverse events were white-blood cells decreasing 5.6% (95% CI, 4.3% - 7.3%), hemoglobin decreasing 1.7% (95% CI, 0.5% - 5.0%) and platelet decreasing 1.8% (95% CI, 1.0% - 3.1%), respectively . Sensitivity analyses based on 45 studies with high quality showed the combined value was close to the summary estimate of total 54 studies. The current evidence indicates that the incidence of the blood system adverse events induced by TWP was high; attentions should be paid on to the prevention and treatment of the blood system adverse events.
Blood Cells ; drug effects ; Hemoglobins ; analysis ; Humans ; Tripterygium ; adverse effects

With patients' general situation, medication use, occurrence time of adverse drug reaction/event (ADR/ADE), clinical manifestations and prognosis as reference items, a retrospective study was made for 315 cases with ADR/ADE induced by Gastrodin in Chongqing from January 2008 to June 2014, in order to analyze the characteristics of ADR/ADE and provide reference for rational clinical medication. The results showed that among the 315 cases with ADR/ADE, 143 cases (45.4%) were males and 172 cases (54.6%) were females, most of them (74.9%) were aged above 45; 60 cases (19.0%) with ADE were caused by off-label indications and 66 cases (21.0%) with ADE were caused by over dosage; ADR/ADE cases induced by intravenous drip mainly happened within 30 min (85.5%), ADR/ADE cases induced by oral administration mainly happened within 2 h (74.4%), and all of ADR/ ADE cases induced by intramuscular injection happened within 10 min. Totally 593 ADR/ADE cases were reported, which were mainly damages in gastrointestinal system, skin and its adnexa; And 61.9% of ADR/ADE cases were newly reported. It is suggested that medical workers shall learn about the regularity and characteristics of ADR/ADE induced by gastrodin, apply it in clinic with standards, pay close attention to changes of patients' situations and attach importance to the monitoring of ADR/ADE, so as to enhance the safety of medication.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Benzyl Alcohols ; administration & dosage ; adverse effects ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; China ; epidemiology ; Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions ; epidemiology ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; adverse effects ; Female ; Gastrointestinal Tract ; drug effects ; Glucosides ; administration & dosage ; adverse effects ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Retrospective Studies ; Skin ; drug effects ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo explore the clinical effect of the sacrococcygeal space injection for the treatment of failed back surgery syndrome.

METHODSFrom July 1998 to October 2012,47 patients with failed back surgery syndrome were treated and included 39 males and 8 females with an average age of 61.5 years old ranging from 35 to 89 years old. Among them,41 patients experienced one time of operation, 6 patients with twice of operation. Forty-one patients underwent single,bilateral fenestration or central laminectomy decompression, discectomy. Six patients underwent total laminectomy discectomy and inter body fusion and pedicle screw fixation. All patients were examined by X-ray plain film, CT or MRI before treatment. The anticoagulation was discontinuation before treatment. The needle was put into the sacrococcygeal gap at prone position in the sense of frustration,suction without cerebrospinal fluid and blood,with injection of Mailuoning (Chinese characters: see text) 15 ml. The pain was assessed by VAS before and after treatment. The Oswestry low back pain disability index and survival quality interference degree were evaluated.

RESULTSAt 1 month after treatment,the pain VAS decreased from 59.24 +/- 17.35 before treatment to 19.19 +/- 11.19 after treatment (P < 0.05); The Oswestry low back pain disability index decreased from (41.35 +/- 9.87)% before treatment to (23.17 +/- 17.56)% after treatment (P < 0.05); The survival quality interference degree decreased from 6.5 +/- 2.2 before treatment to 2.6 +/- 1.4 after treatment (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONThe sacrococcygeal gap injection for treatment of failed back surgery syndrome has advantages of simple, safe, fewer complications, and low treatment cost.

Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; Failed Back Surgery Syndrome ; diagnostic imaging ; drug therapy ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Radiography ; Sacrococcygeal Region ; diagnostic imaging

UNLABELLEDOBJECTIVE To study the in vitro effect and mechanism of Ginkgo biloba Extract 50 (GBE50) for inhibiting beta-amyloid (Abeta)-induced oxidative stress in rats' hippocampal neurons.

METHODSThe primary hippocampal neurons were cultured in vitro and divided into 4 groups, i. e. the normal control group (Ctrl), the Abeta group, the propanediol control group (PDO), and the six GBE50 concentrations groups (5, 10, 25, 50, 100, and 200 microg/mL). Excepted the Ctrl group, neurons were induced to oxidative stress by 20 gmolLAbeta25-35. The MTT and fluorescent probes labeling were used to observe the effect of GBE50 with different concentrations on the cell viability and the generation of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) in neurons. Furthermore, Western blot was used to detect the cytoplasmic/total cytochrome C (Cyto C) ratio and total intracytoplasmal Cyto C, and the effect of the expression of oxidative stress-related protein Cyto C and activated Caspase-3 in three GBE50 concentrations groups (25, 50, and 100 microg/mL).

RESULTSCompared with the Ctrl group, the cell vitality was obviously lowered and intracellular ROS generation significantly increased after induction of 20 micromol/L Abeta25-35 (both P < 0.05). Compared with the Abeta group, the cell vitality was evidently improved after treated with different GBE50 doses. Except for 10 microg/mL, the cell vitality could be obviously elevated along with increased drug concentrations (P < 0.05). Meanwhile, the intracellular ROS generation decreased significantly in each GBE50 dose groups (P < 0.05). Abeta could increase the cytoplasmic/total Cyto C ratio and enhance the activated Caspase-3 expression significantly (P < 0.05). Compared with the Abeta group, among the three concentrations of GBE50, the Cyto C ratio was obviously lowered in the 100 microg/mL GBE50 group (P < 0.05), and the expression of activated Caspase-3 significantly decreased in 50 microg/mL and 100 microg/mL GBE50 groups (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONS20 micromol/L Abeta25-35 could induce the generation of intracellular ROS in hippocampal neurons. GBE50 could inhibit Abeta induced intracellular oxidative stress of neurons through lowering the cytoplasmic/total Cyto C ratio and inhibiting the activation of apoptosis protein Caspase-3 expression.

Amyloid beta-Peptides ; toxicity ; Animals ; Cells, Cultured ; Cytochromes c ; metabolism ; Hippocampus ; metabolism ; Neurons ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Oxidative Stress ; drug effects ; Peptide Fragments ; toxicity ; Plant Extracts ; pharmacology ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley

OBJECTIVETo discuss the modes for smooth progress of ADR monitoring under the new Measures for the Administration of Adverse Drug Reaction Report and Monitoring.

METHODWork modes for ADR monitoring in drug manufacturers were explored by explaining the new Measures and analyzing current state and constrains.

RESULT AND CONCLUSIONAs there is a larger gap between the requirements of new Measures and current status, it is difficult for drug manufacturers to meet all the requirements in short-term. Therefore, drug manufacturers are suggested to gradually complete ADR monitoring under the mode of one platform and four expansions, and thereby finally meeting the requirements of new Measures and fulfilling their duties and missions.

Adverse Drug Reaction Reporting Systems ; Drug Industry ; Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions ; diagnosis ; Humans

There have been very few studies on the effect of Gualou Xiebai Banxia decoction combined with Xuefu Zhuyu decoction in inhibiting apoptosis in myocardial ischemial injury caused by coronary heart disease. In this experiment, Gualou Xiebai Banxia decoction combined with-Xuefu Zhuyu decoction were used to intervene the miniature swine phlegm and blood stasis type coronary heart disease model, in order to observe the effect of the combined prescription on the myocardial apoptosis and the expressions of Bcl-2, Bax, Caspase-3, Caspase-9 in the model. Totally 15 Chinese experimental miniature swine were adopted and randomly divided into the control group, the model group and the phlegm and stasis-treating group. The model group and the stasis-treating group were fed with high fat diets for two weeks, intervened with the coronary artery injury and then given drugs and high fat diets for eight weeks. The control group was fed with ordinary diets for 10 weeks, without the coronary artery injury. After the experiment, myocardia at the juncture of infracted areas were collected and made into formalin-fixed paraffin sections. The TDT-mediate dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) assay was used to detect the myocardial apoptosis. The immunohistochemistry (IHC) technique was applied to detect Bcl-2, Bax, Caspase-3, Caspase-9 levels in myocardial tissues. According to the findings, the apoptosis indexes (AI) for the control group, the model group and the phlegm and stasis-treating group were 0.92%, 27.68%, 17.28%, respectively. The AI of the phlegm and stasis-treating group was significantly lower than that of the model group (P < 0.01). Compared with the model group, the phlegm and stasis-treating group showed significantly higher Bcl-2 protein expression (P < 0.01) and lower Bax, Caspase-3 and Caspase-9 protein expressions (P < 0.01). In conclusion, Gualou Xiebai Banxia decoction combined with Xuefu Zhuyu decoction have a significant protective effect against the myocardial apoptosis in miniature swine phlegm and blood stasis type coronary heart disease model.
Animals ; Apoptosis ; drug effects ; Caspases ; metabolism ; Coronary Disease ; drug therapy ; Disease Models, Animal ; Drug Therapy, Combination ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; Female ; Male ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Myocardium ; pathology ; Phytotherapy ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 ; analysis ; Swine ; Swine, Miniature ; bcl-2-Associated X Protein ; analysis