Animals ; Extinction, Psychological ; physiology ; Fear ; physiology ; Male ; Mental Recall ; physiology ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Sleep Deprivation ; complications ; physiopathology ; Sleep, REM ; physiology

A new benzene derivative microintegerrin C (1) and a new norsesquiterpenoid microintegerrin D (2), along with six known compounds (3-8), were isolated and identified from stems and leaves of Micromelum integerrimum by various chromatographies such as silica gel, Sephadex LH-20, RP-18 column chromatography and HPLC. Their structures were mainly identified based on the spectral data analysis such as 1D-, 2D-NMR and HR-EI-MS. All known compounds were isolated from this plant for the first time.
Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Plant Leaves ; chemistry ; Plant Stems ; chemistry ; Rutaceae ; chemistry ; Sesquiterpenes ; isolation & purification

The leading cause of drug withdrawal from market and clinical trials failure is drug-induced liver injury (DILI). Varying clinical, histological and laboratory features of DILI, as well as undefined underlying mechanisms, hinder patients to be diagnosed in the early-stage of the disease and receive effective treatments. Conventional indicators, like serum transaminases and bilirubin, have inevitable limitations referring to sensitive prediction and specific detection of DILI. In order to reduce the occurrence of DILI, researchers have attempted to discover potential biomarkers with higher specificity and sensitivity from blood and urine in recent years. This article aims to review recent advances in biomarkers of DILI.
Biomarkers ; blood ; urine ; Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury ; diagnosis ; Humans ; Sensitivity and Specificity

ObjectiveTo study the imaging characteristics of SPN of adenocarcinoma (ASPNs) on 18F-FDG PET/CT.MethodsThe morphological and metabolic features of 35 ASPNs on FDG PET/CT were retrospectively reviewed.SUVmax (SUV) was measured and ΔSUVmax was calculated according to ΔSUVmax =(SUVmax on delay imaging - SUVmax on early imaging)/SUVmax on early imaging × 100％.Statistical analysis was performed by software SPSS 11.5 using t-test,analysis of variance and Fisher exact test.Results( 1 ) Fifteen ASPNs (42.86％,15/35) presented as nodular pattern on FDG PET imaging,while 20 (57.14％,20/35) as lamellar,cloudy or ill-defined patterns.The SUVmax of these ASPNs followed a descending order of nodular,lamellar,cloudy and ill:defined on both early and delay imaging (F =30.696 and 24.758,both P＜0.001).(2)There were 54.29％ (19/35) ASPNs with SUVmax ≥2.5 and 45.71％ (16/35) ASPNs with SUVmax ＜2.5.(3) Of 35 ASPNs,24(68.57％ ) were solid nodules and 11(31.43％) were ground glass nodules with SUVmax =4.54 ±2.69 and 1.30±0.87,respectively (t =-5.234,P ＜O.001 ).(4) The SUVmax of ASPNs on delay FDG imaging (4.22 ±3.52) was significantly higher than that on early imaging (3.49 ±2.72) (t =-4.021,P ＜0.001 ).However,SUVmax was dependent on SUVmax on the early imaging:when SUVmax ≥2.5,ΔSUVmax was positive in 94.74％ (18/19) of ASPNs; while SUVmax ＜2.5,ΔSUVmax was positive in 56.25％ (9/16) of ASPNs (P =0.013).(5) Of 31 ASPNs with cell differentiation data,there were 10/17 well-differentiated ASPNs and 13/14 poorly-differentiated ASPNs with positive ΔSUVmax ( P =0.045 ).The average SUVmax of well-differentiated ASPNs was significantly lower than that of poorly-differentiated ASPNs ( 1.70 ± 1.51 vs 4.91 ± 2.69,t =- 3.951,P ＜ 0.001 ).Conclusions The morphological and metabolic features of ASPNs are diversified.It is common for ASPN to present with SUVmax ＜ 2.5.ΔSUVmax may be helpful for differentiating malignant from benign SPNs.

Objective To evaluate the value of endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS) in the diagnosis of Crohn's Disease (CD).Methods A total of 436 patients with endoscopically suspected CD underwent EUS and the clinical data of these patients were analyzed retrospectively.Changes of gastrointestinal wall stratification and perienteric complications detected by EUS were documented systematically.The consistency between the diagnosis of EUS and the results of pathology were recorded.Results A total of 297 cases of CD and 139 cases of non-CD were clinically diagnosed,while 277 CDs (including 17 non-CDs clinically diagnosed) and 159 non-CDs (including 37 CDs clinically diagnosed) were diagnosed by EUS.The sensitivity,specificity and accuracy rate of EUS in diagnosing CD were 87.5％ (260/297),87.8％ (122/139) and 87.6％ (382/436),respectively.Dilated vessels in submucosa were detected in 40 patients,fistulae in 13,abscesses in 5 and enlarged lymph nodes in 75.Conclusion EUS can show gastrointestinal wall stratification of CD clearly with high diagnostic accuracy.Meanwhile,EUS can detect extraluminal complications well to help in providing useful information for surgery.

Anion Exchange Protein 1, Erythrocyte ; metabolism ; Breast ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Cadherins ; metabolism ; Female ; Fibrocystic Breast Disease ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; S100 Proteins ; metabolism

ObjectiveTo compare the effect of aripiprazole and haldol on intelligence and memory in the first-onset schizophrenia patients.MethodsResultsThe total score of PANSS significantly decreased after treatment with aripiprazole and haldol but no significant difference were found between two groups (P>0.05).The total score of WAIS-RC was no significant different between two groups (P>0.05). The total score of WMS was significantly higher in aripiprazole group than in haldol group(P<0.05～0.01).ConclusionAripiprazole is more effective on memory recovery in first-onset schizophrenia than haldol.

OBJECTIVETo study the chemical constituents of Potentilla chinesis and their anticancer activities.

METHODChemical constituents were isolated by repeated column chromatography (Toyopearl HW-40C and preparative HPLC). The structures were elucidated on the basis of spectral data analysis. The isolated compounds were screened with two anticancer models.

RESULTFifteen triterpenes, alpha-amyrin (1) , beta-amyrin (2) , ursolic acid (3) , corosolic acid (4), euscaphic acid (5) , pomolic acid (6) , tormentic acid (7), 2alpha, 3alpha-dihydroxyurs-12-en-28-oic acid (8), 2beta, 3beta, 19alpha-trihydroxyurs-12-en-28-oic acid (9), asiatic acid (10) , 24-hydroxy tormentic acid (11) , myrianthic acid (12), oleanolic acid (13), maslinic acid (14) and 2alpha, 3alpha-dihydroxyolean-12-en-28-oic acid (15) , were isolated from P. chinesis.

CONCLUSIONCompounds 1, 2, 4 -15 were isolated from the plant for the first time. Compounds 4, 8 - 10, 12, 14 and 15 show anticancer activities. Compounds 4, 9 show strong activities.

Animals ; Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; Cell Line ; Cell Survival ; drug effects ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Fibroblasts ; cytology ; drug effects ; HeLa Cells ; Humans ; Mice ; Molecular Structure ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; Potentilla ; chemistry ; Triterpenes ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology

The change of kirenol, darutigenol and darutoside in Siegesbeckia and its first to ninth processed products were studied, and the ten fingerprints were compared, which provided the experimental basis for the study of Siegesbeckia processing tech- nology. The samples were analysed by HPLC on a SunFire-C18 column (4.6 mm x 150 mm, 5 μm) with gradient elution of acetonitrile (0.1% formic acid)-water (0.1% formic acid) at a flow rate of 1.0 mL x min(-1). Column temperaturewas 30 °C and the detected wavelength was 215, 320 nm. The calibration curves of kirenol, darutigenol and darutoside were linear in the range of 2.180-26.16, 2.900-34.80, and 1.012-6.072 mg x L(-1), respectively, and the average recoveries were 96.4%, 97.2% and 96.3% wit RSD 2.2%, 1.7% and 2.4%. This method was simple, the result was stable and had good repeatability, recovery and precision. The re- sult was the basis of the chemical contents variation in the processing of Siegesbeckia Herbs and further clarifying the effect of the changing.
Asteraceae ; chemistry ; Chemistry, Pharmaceutical ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; Temperature

Objective To investigate clinical manifestation of unspecified functional bowel disorder (UFBD), the features of coexistence with functional gastrointestinal disorder (FGID) and its relationship with psychological factors and sleep disturbance in the Chinese Army servicemen.Methodsc FGIDs were diagnosed based on the RomeⅢ Modular Questionnaire. The subjects were 189 servicemen with UFBD (UFBD group) and 372 without FGID (control group). All subjects completed symptom checklist 90 (SCL-90) and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) questionnaire.Results'Have to rush to the toilet when having a desire to defecate' was the most frequent symptom of UFBD (93.7%). More than one half of UFBD patients had the symptom 'a feeling of incomplete emptying as bowel movements' or 'straining during bowel movements'. Twenty-eight percent of UFBD subjects had combined FGID (namely cFGID). Among them, the most frequent was proctalgia fugax (7.9%), followed by cyclic vomiting syndrome (6.3%), functional fecal incontinence (6.3%), functional dyspepsia (4.8%) and belching (4.8%). The UFBD group scored significantly higher than the control group in the global severity index (GSI) and in all SCL-90 subscales (P<0.05). The scores of the four domains (sleep quality, sleep latency , sleep disturbance and daytime function disorder), total PSQI score and proportion of poor sleeping quality were significantly higher in the UFBD group than in the control group (P<0.05). The subjects scored significantly higher in combined FGID group than in UFBD group in GSI and in all of SCL-90 subscales, except for phobic anxiety subscales (P<0.05). However, there was no significant difference in each domain, total PSQI and proportion of poor sleeping quality between the cFGID group and UFBD group (P>0.05).ConclusionPathogenesis of UFBD may be closely correlated with psychiatric and psychological factors and sleep disturbance. cFGID are associated with an increased severity of psychopathological features.