A batch laboratory test was conducted to examine the effect of biological reductive dechlorination of 2,4-Dichlorophenol(2,4-DCP) by the addition of zero-valent iron(Fe0) in the anaerobic system, through inoculating the anaerobic mixed microorganism acclimated for two months. Meanwhile, several factors that affected "Fe0+ microbe" system were also being discussed. The results showed that, "Fe0+ microbe" system accelerated the biological dechlorination of 2,4-DCP effectively compared to the individual use. The opti-mum quantity of added Fe0 and inoculation was 0.5 g/L and 376.2 mgVSS/L in the combined system respec-tively. It showed the most effective transformation efficiency for 2,4-DCP when initial pH=8.0, whereas it become weaker when initial pH are keeping in acid condition. There existed a proportion between quantity of added Fe0 and inoculation. It enhanced degradable effect of 2,4-dichlorophenol when increased the quan-tity of inoculation at suitable ranges, which generated more enzyme or enzymatic series degraded pollutant.

OBJECTIVETo observe the anti-inflammatory effect of total saponins of Panax japonicus on LPS-induced RAW264. 7 macrophages.

METHODThe effect of total saponins of P. japonicus of different concentrations on RAW264. 7 cell viability was determined with the MTT method. The NO kit assay was adopted to detect the NO release of total saponins of P. japonicus to LPS-induced RAW264. 7 cells. The enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to detect the secretion of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) and interleukin 1-beta (IL-1beta). The reverse transeriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was used to determine the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) ,TNF-alpha,IL-1beta. The protein expression of nuclear transcription factor-kappaB p65 (NF-kappaB p65) was tested by Western blot.

RESULTThe safe medication range of total saponins of P. japonicus was less than 80 mg x L(-1). Compared with the LPS model group, total saponins of P. japonicus high, middle and low dose groups (0.1, 1, 10, 40 mg x L(-1)) could significantly reduce the secretion of NO, TNF-alpha, IL-1beta of LPS-induced RAW264. 7 cells, and inhibit the expressions of iNOS, TNF-alpha and IL-1beta mRNA and the protein expression of NF-kappaB p65.

CONCLUSIONThis study preliminarily proves the protective effect of total saponins of P. japonicus on LPS-induced RAW264.7 macrophages. Its action mechanism may be related to NF-kappaB signal pathway.

Animals ; Anti-Inflammatory Agents ; pharmacology ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; Humans ; Inflammation ; drug therapy ; genetics ; immunology ; Interleukin-1beta ; genetics ; immunology ; Lipopolysaccharides ; adverse effects ; Macrophages ; drug effects ; immunology ; Mice ; NF-kappa B ; genetics ; immunology ; Nitric Oxide ; immunology ; Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II ; genetics ; immunology ; Panax ; chemistry ; Protective Agents ; pharmacology ; Saponins ; pharmacology

A test was conducted to examine the effect of several electron donors such as glucose, sodium acetate, Fe0, Fe0+glucose and Fe0+sodium acetate on reductive dechlorination of 2,4-dichlorophenol (2,4-DCP) through inoculating the unacclimated anaerobic mixed bacteria. The optimum condition and sus-tainability of Fe0 as electron donor was also been discussed. The results showed that, Fe0+glucose enhanced the dechlorination of contaminant effectively compared to glucose. Sodium acetate, Fe0 and Fe0+sodium acetate were all effective electron donors and Fe0 was the optimum, the optimum initial pH was 8.0 and quantity of added Fe0 was 2.0 g/L. 4-CP was the mainly intermediate product for 2,4-DCP dechlorination. Fe0 could support the electron for reductive dechlorination of 2,4-DCP continuously. In contrast, when so-dium acetate as electron donor, the effect of dechlorination was inferior to Fe0 with the consumption of sodium acetate.

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the safety and efficiency of local paclitaxel delivery using the double-balloon perfusion catheter to prevent restenosis in the canine coronary artery.

METHODSTwenty domestic canines underwent bare-mental stent implantation after balloon injure of the left coronary artery. A novel double-balloon perfusion catheter was used to deliver the drug locally in the canine coronary artery. In the treatment group (n = 15), paclitaxel (10 ml, 20 micromol/L) was delivered using the double-balloon perfusion catheter before stent implantation. In the control group (n = 5), 10 ml saline was delivered using the double-balloon perfusion catheter before stent implantation. The perfusion time in both groups was (26.45 +/- 5.18) s. Animals underwent coronary angiography and optical coherence tomography (OCT) 90 days after stent implantation and were sacrificed. Vessels were perfusion-fixed and morphometric analysis was performed using conventional techniques.

RESULTSCoronary angiography results showed restenosis rate in control group was significantly higher than that in treatment group (60% vs. 33.33%, P < 0.05). The parameters of OCT showed in treatment group and control group: the neointimal thickness was (0.19 +/- 0.08) mm and (0.38 +/- 0.03) mm, the neointimal area was (1.52 +/- 0.49) mm2 and (2.51 +/- 0.47) mm2, the lumen area was (3.50 +/- 0.66) mm2 and (2.78 +/- 0.57) mm2, the extent of stenosis was (30.13 +/- 8.56)% and (47.40 +/- 4.50)%, and all the variances above were significantly different between the two groups (P < 0.05). The histologic parameters showed in treatment group and control group: the neointimal thickness was (0.22 +/- 0.10) mm and (0.47 +/- 0.05) mm, the neointimal area was (1.85 +/- 0.78) mm2 and (3.43 +/- 0.25) mm2, the lumen area was (3.15 +/- 0.43) mm2 and (1.85 +/- 0.55) mm2, the extent of stenosis was (36.00 +/- 10.97)% and (65.40 +/- 8.23)%, and all the variances above were also significantly different between the two groups (P < 0.05). The stents of both the groups were fully endothelialized. No thrombus or aneurysm was found in stents.

CONCLUSIONLocal delivery of paclitaxel with the double-balloon perfusion catheter to prevent restenosis in coronary stents is safe and efficient.

Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary ; Animals ; Catheters ; Coronary Restenosis ; prevention & control ; Disease Models, Animal ; Dogs ; Injections ; Paclitaxel ; administration & dosage ; therapeutic use ; Stents

A rapid, sensitive and simple liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometric (LC-MS/MS) method was developed for the simultaneous determination of yogliptin and its metabolite in Wistar rat plasma. Linagliptin and dexamethasone were chosen as the internal standards of yogliptin and its metabolite, (R)-8-(3-hydroxypiperidine- -yl)-7-(but-2-yn-1-yl)-1-((5-fluorobenzo[d]thiazol-2-yl)methyl)-3-methyl- H-purine-2, 6 (3H, 7H)-dione, respectively. After a simple protein precipitation using acetonitrile as the precipitating solvent, both analytes and ISs were separated on a Grace Altima HP C18 column (2.1 mm x 50 mm, 5 microm) with gradient elution using methanol (containing 0.1% formic acid, 4 mmol x L(-1) ammonium acetate)-0.1% formic acid (containing 4 mmol x L(-1) ammonium acetate) as the mobile phase. A chromatographic total run time of 4.4 min was achieved. Mass spectrometric detection was conducted with electrospray ionization under positive-ion and multiple-reaction monitoring modes. Linear calibration curves for yogliptin and its metabolite were over the concentration range of 0.5 to 500 ng x mL(-1) with a lower limit of quantification of 0.5 ng x mL(-1). The intra- and inter- assay precisions were all below 14%, the accuracies were all in standard ranges. The method was used to determine the concentration of yogliptin and M1 in Wistar rat plasma after a single oral administration of yogliptin (27 mg x kg(-1)). The method was proved to be selective, sensitive and suitable for pharmacokinetic study of yogliptin and M1 in Wistar rat plasma.
Animals ; Chromatography, Liquid ; Dexamethasone ; blood ; Dipeptidyl-Peptidase IV Inhibitors ; blood ; pharmacokinetics ; Linagliptin ; blood ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Tandem Mass Spectrometry

Objective To investigate the effect of Rivastaban tablet combined with psychological intervention after radiofrequency ablation of paroxysmal atrial fibrillation. Methods According to the random number table method, 86 patients of paroxysmal atrial fibrillation ablation were divided into the control group and the observation group. The control group was treated with Rivastaban table and routine nursing. The observation group was given psychological intervention on the basis treatment of the control group. The quality of life of two groups was evaluated by SF-36 quality of life scale, anxiety and depression symptoms of two groups were evaluated before and after the intervention. Recurrence of two groups were observed by followed-up of 6 to 12 months. Results The anxiety and depression scores of the observation group were significantly lower than those of the control group. The anxiety and depression scores of the two groups were significantly lower than those before treatment (P<0.05). The body function, physical character, social function, body pain, body emotion, vitality, mental health and overall health score of the observation group were significantly higher than those of the control group (P<0.05). The recurrence rate was 4.65% (2/43) in the observation group, which was significantly lower than (18.60%, 8/43) in the control group (χ2=4.07, P=0.04). Conclusion Radiotherapy with radiofrequency ablation of paroxysmal atrial fibrillation combined with Rivastaban tablet plus psychological intervention could help improve the mental state of patients, reduce their recurrence and improve their quality of life.

OBJECTIVETo investigate damages to the quality of boar sperm frozen in 5 ml straws, pellet and 0.25 ml straws as well as the ultrastructural changes of frozen boar sperm in 5 ml straws.

METHODSWe compared 3 different freezing packages of 5 ml straws, pellet and 0.25 ml straws to determine their effects on frozen boar semen, and observed the morphological and ultrastructural changes of the boar sperm in the 5 ml straws using scanning electron microscopy.

RESULTSIn the 5 ml straws, the vitality and motility of the boar sperm after freezing were not significantly different from those in the other two formulations, the normal apical ridge (NAR) was 52.65%, higher than in the pellet but not significantly different from that in the 0.25 ml straws, and the sperm membranes were mostly bubbly, some locally broken, which indicated the damage induced by freezing and thawing.

CONCLUSIONAt the present time, boar semen frozen in 5 ml straws were not significantly different from those frozen in 0.25 ml straws. The existing freezing-thawing method may cause certain damage to the quality and ultrastructure of boar sperm, and therefore needs to be further improved.

Acrosome ; ultrastructure ; Animals ; Cell Membrane ; ultrastructure ; Cryopreservation ; methods ; Male ; Microscopy, Electron, Scanning ; Semen Preservation ; methods ; Spermatozoa ; ultrastructure ; Swine

The objective of this study was to explore the changes of aggregation function of apheresis platelets and soluble P-selectin (sP-selectin) during storage. 20 samples of apheresis platelets were collected, and the aggregation function were examined by function test and the level of sP-selectin every day in storage of 5 days. The results showed that the aggregation function of platelets declined obviously during storage, there were significant differences between the first-day group and any of the other groups (p < 0.01). The max platelet aggregation rate was < or = 3% in the fourth-day group; sP-selectin level in plasma increased with prolong of storage time; there were significant differences between the first-day group and any of the other groups (p < 0.05). In conclusion, platelets were activated continuously during storage, while its aggregation function declines significantly. The ability of platelet aggregation to response to ADP loses almost completely since the fourth day during platelet storage. It should be paid more attention to the damage of apheresis collected platelets during storage.
Adult ; Blood Platelets ; metabolism ; physiology ; Humans ; Male ; P-Selectin ; blood ; Platelet Aggregation ; Platelet Count ; Plateletpheresis ; methods ; Specimen Handling

OBJECTIVETo study the resistance phenotype and homology of Klebsiella pneumoniae (KPN) in burn patients with infection.

METHODSFifty-four strains of KPN were isolated from wound excretion, blood, sputum, venous catheter, feces, and oral cavity of patients hospitalized in Institute of Burn Research of Southwest Hospital (briefly called our institute) from January 2007 to June 2011. Drug resistance of the 54 strains of KPN to 18 antibiotics commonly used in clinic, including ampicillin, ticarcillin, etc, was tested by K-B paper disk diffusion method after being identified. Extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing KPN was screened based on the drug resistance result. The positive rates of drug-resistant genes SHV, TEM, and CTX-M of the ESBL-producing KPN were detected by polymerase chain reaction. The homology of the ESBL-producing KPN was analyzed by pulse field gel electrophoresis and clustering methodology. The homology of ESBL-producing KPN isolated in each year was analyzed too.

RESULTS(1) The sensitive rate of the 54 strains of KPN to imipenem, meropenem, and ertapenem was respectively 96.30%, 92.59%, and 81.48%, that of these strains to cefotetan and cefoxitin was respectively 70.37% and 64.81%, and that of these strains to ceftazidime was 57.41%. The sensitive rates of the 54 strains of KPN to the other antibiotics were all lower than 40.00%. (2) Twenty-six ESBL-producing KPN strains were screened and the positive rate of SHV, TEM, and CTX-M was 96.15% (25/26), 76.92% (20/26), and 57.69% (15/26), respectively. Detection rate of ESBL-producing KPN strains carrying three genes at the same time was 42.31% (11/26), that of these strains carrying both SHV and TEM was 34.62% (9/26), and those of these strains carrying only a single gene were all less than 10.00%. (3) The twenty-six ESBL-producing KPN were classified into 9 gene types, with 30.77% (8/26) in type A, 19.23% (5/26) in type B, 15.38% (4/26) in type C, 11.54% (3/26) in type D, 7.69% (2/26) in type E, and the rest four strains respectively in type F, G, H, I [3.85% (1/26)]. (4) The major gene type of ESBL-producing KPN in the year of 2007 and 2010 was type A, respectively accounting for 2/3 and 1/2, while that in the year of 2009 was type B, accounting for 1/2. The three strains in 2008 was respectively in type C, E, and F. The four strains in 2011 was respectively in type A, D, H, I.

CONCLUSIONSKPN in burn patients with infection in our institute are highly resistant to commonly used antibiotics in clinic, but carbapenems antibiotics can be used for the treatment. Most of the ESBL-producing KPN strains carry two or three drug-resistant genes, and the main gene type of them is type A.

Anti-Bacterial Agents ; pharmacology ; Burns ; microbiology ; Carbapenems ; pharmacology ; DNA, Bacterial ; analysis ; Drug Resistance, Bacterial ; genetics ; Genes, Bacterial ; Humans ; Klebsiella pneumoniae ; genetics ; isolation & purification ; Microbial Sensitivity Tests ; Sequence Homology

OBJECTIVETo analyze the relationship between the early ST resolution magnitude and TIMI flow, MACE and the cardiac function in ST elevated AMI (STEMI) patients after successful primary PCI.

METHODSA total of 120 consecutive patients with STEMI underwent primary PCI within 12 hours after the onset of chest pain were enrolled in this study, the ST segment resolution was calculated and the patients were divided into group A (n = 81, Sigma STE resolved > or = 50%) and group B (n = 39, Sigma STE resolved < 50%). TIMI flow after PCI, clinical events up to 30 days post PCI and cardiac function 30 days post PCI were assessed.

RESULTSLVEF was higher in group A than that of group B (58.6% +/- 7.1% vs. 50.5% +/- 7.1%, P < 0.05). There are fewer patients with Killip III and IV in group A than in group B (1.2% vs. 12.8%, P < 0.05). The incidence of in-hospital MACE was also significantly less in group A than in group B (0 vs. 7.7%, P < 0.001). As expected, there were more patients with TIMI 3 flow (95.1% vs. 79.5%, P < 0.05) and fewer TIMI 2 (4.9% vs. 20.5%, P < 0.05) flow post PCI in group A than in group B and all 3 patients with MACE were group B patients with TIMI 2 flow.

CONCLUSIONEarly ST resolution post PCI represents improved myocardial perfusion and function and is related to a favorable clinical outcome in STEMI patients.

Aged ; Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary ; Electrocardiography ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Myocardial Infarction ; physiopathology ; therapy ; Treatment Outcome ; Ventricular Function, Left