OBJECTIVETo explore the correlation between Chinese medical (CM) syndrome types of chronic atrophic gastritis (CAG) patients and Helicobacter pylori (Hp) infection, polymorphisms of IL-1B, and IL-1β.

METHODSTotally 192 CAG patients and 202 healthy subjects (as the healthy control group) were recruited in this case-control study. The Hp infection was tested by 13C-urea breath test and colloidal gold-labeled assay (GICA). The concentration of peripheral blood IL-1β was measured by ELISA. The polymorphisms of IL-1B gene in the promoter region were analyzed using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP).

RESULTSPi-Wei weakness syndrome (PWWS) was dominant in CAG patients (31.77%, 61/192 cases). The Hp infection ratio in CAG patients was 53.65% (103/192 cases), of which, Pi-Wei damp-heat syndrome(PWDHS, 64.86%, 24/37 cases) and Gan-Wei disharmony syndrome (GWDS, 66.67%, 24/36 cases) were dominant. Compared with the health control group, the plasma concentration of IL-1β was obviously elevated in CAG patients with PWDHS, GWDS, and static blood obstructing collaterals syndrome (SBOCS) (all P < 0.05). Additionally, there was no difference in the distribution of polymorphisms in the promoter region of IL-1 B gene between the CAG patients and the healthy control group (P > 0.05).

CONCLUSIONSThe incidence risk of CAG was not associated with IL-1B polymorphism. But CM syndrome types of CAG patients was associated with Hp infection and peripheral blood IL-1β levels.

Case-Control Studies ; Gastritis ; Gastritis, Atrophic ; genetics ; Helicobacter Infections ; genetics ; metabolism ; Humans ; Incidence ; Interleukin-1beta ; genetics ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Polymorphism, Genetic

Objective To investigate proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy(~1H-MRS)findings and value on dog's brain contusion and laceration.Methods Models of focal brain contusion and laceration in 10 dogs were established through hitting on the right frontal-parietal lobe with a freely drop of 200g weight at 1.3 m height.Serial examinations(1 h,24 h,72 h,5 day,8 day and 14 day after trauma)were performed with conventional MRI and ~1H-MRS.NAA/Cr,Cho/Cr and NAA/Cho rates were analyzed with GE system 1.5 T scanner and relative software.After examination,all dogs were executed to death. Pathological study was performed at local brain contusion.Results 1 h and 24 h-post trauma,NAA/Cr、Cho/Cr、NAA/Cho were significantly reduced(NAA/Cr 0.843?0.214,0.862?0.204,contralateral ones 1.069?0.284,1.048?0.232,t=-7.227,-6.718,Cho/Cr 1.181?0.224,1.243?0.134,contralateral 1.415?0.305,1.455?0.159,t=-4.332,-4.489,NAA/Cho 0.701?0.147,0.536?0.136, contralateral 0.832?0.245,0.613?0.165,t=-2.652,-2.665.P＜0.05).Microscopy showed focal petechial hemorrhage and necrosis,neuron loss,neuraxonal swelling and small glial cell slightly hyperplasia.Five day post trauma,Cho/Cr was significantly elevated in comparison with contralateral ones (1.517?0.197,contralateral 1.387?0.214,t=3.758.P＜0.05).Pathologically,inflammatory was obvious,peri-angiitis,granula tissue and fibrosis were seen.8—14 day later,NAA/Cr was not significantly reduced(0.895?0.105,0.875?0.153,contralateral 0.989?0.169,0.990?0.173,t=-2.909, -2.471.P＞0.05),Cho/Cr was significantly increased(1.457?0.168,1.572?0.374,contralaterl 1.334?0.174,1.366?0.352,t=7.312,3.201.P＜0.05)Inflammatory and gila1 hyperplasia was more significant,granuloma were seen.Lipid and Lac peak were not seen at all stages.Conclusion MRS could be a methods to monitor neuron injury and repair,and dynamically to detect the metabolic changes of brain contusion and laceration,reflecting injury severity and provide theory data for early treatment and predicting long-term outcome after trauma.

In order to explore the differences between the mechanisms of selenite-induced apoptosis and arsenic induced apoptosis in NB4 cells, growth inhibition was determined by MTT test, apoptosis determined by DNA electrophoresis and analysis of intracellular DNA contents, reactive oxygen species and reduced glutathione in the cell were measured by Lucigenin dependent chemoluminescent (CL) test and spectrophotometry, and mitochondrial transmembrane potential was measured by flow cytometry. The results showed that: 5 micro mol/L sodium selenite similar to 1 micro mol/L arsenic trioxide could induce the apoptosis of NB4 cells after treatment for 24 hours. Both could elevate the level of reactive oxygen species and intensify mitochondrial transmembrane potential collapse, accompanied with decrease of reduced glutathione centent. The effect of selenium selenite on these aspects was more significant than those of arsenic trioxide. Elevation of intracellular glutathione in N-acytlcysteine pretreated NB4 cells could enhance the selenite induced apoptosis and oxidative stress, but ameliorate the arsenic trioxide induced apoptosis and oxidative stress. It was concluded that sodium selenite and arsenic trioxide can induce the apoptosis of NB4 cells, but there are significant differences between the mechanisms of selenite-induced and arsenic-induced apoptosis in NB4 cells, particularly in the influence of intracellular glutathione content on the drug action.
Acetylcysteine ; pharmacology ; Apoptosis ; drug effects ; genetics ; Arsenicals ; pharmacology ; Cell Division ; drug effects ; DNA, Neoplasm ; drug effects ; genetics ; metabolism ; Flow Cytometry ; Glutathione ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Humans ; Intracellular Membranes ; drug effects ; physiology ; Leukemia, Promyelocytic, Acute ; metabolism ; pathology ; Membrane Potentials ; drug effects ; Mitochondria ; drug effects ; physiology ; Oxides ; pharmacology ; Reactive Oxygen Species ; metabolism ; Sodium Selenite ; pharmacology ; Tumor Cells, Cultured ; drug effects

In order to evaluate the effect of sodium selenite on the activation of NFkappaB during selenite-induced apoptosis in NB4 cells, Western blot was used to measure the level of P65 in nuclear extraction of NB4 cells treated with sodium selenite to reflect the activation of NFkappaB; the apoptosis of NB4 cells was determined by morphological observation, DNA ladder electrophoresis and flow cytometry; and MTT test was used to measure the growth inhibition of cells. Results showed that sodium selenite (>/=5 micro mol/L) suppressed the cell growth, induced apoptosis and inhibited the activation of NF kappaB in a concentration- and time-dependency pattern. It was concluded that inhibition of NF kappaB might be one of the mechanisms in selenite-induced apoptosis in NB4 cells.
Apoptosis ; drug effects ; Cell Division ; drug effects ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Enzyme Activation ; drug effects ; Humans ; NF-kappa B ; antagonists & inhibitors ; metabolism ; Sodium Selenite ; pharmacology

OBJECTIVETo develop an HPLC method for the simultaneous separation and determination of oxalic acid (OA), tartaric acid(TA), malic acid(MA), vitamin C (VC), lactic acid (LA), acetic acid (AA) citric acid (CA) and succinic acid (SA) in Fructus mume.

METHODAnalytical column was Zorbax Eclipse XDB C18. Mobile phase was 0.5% (NH4) H2PO4 aqueous solution and detection wavelength was 214 nm. The flow rate of mobile phase was 0.5 mL x min(-1).

RESULTThe regression equations (pH 2. 8, adjusted with phosphoric acid) of eight constituents have been established, r = 0.999 7, 0. 999 8, 0.999 2, 0.999 6, 0.999 1, 0.999 5, 0.999 8, 0.999 2 respectively. Meanwhile, the content and proportion relationship of eight organic acids in Fructus mume which yielded in Fujian (China) were investigated.

CONCLUSIONThis method was simple, accuracy and quick. The method can be used for the purpose of routine analysis and the quality control of a botanic (Fructus mume) containing these organic acid components.

Acetic Acid ; analysis ; Ascorbic Acid ; analysis ; Carboxylic Acids ; analysis ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; methods ; Citric Acid ; analysis ; Fruit ; chemistry ; Lactic Acid ; analysis ; Malates ; analysis ; Oxalic Acid ; analysis ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; Prunus ; chemistry ; Quality Control ; Reproducibility of Results ; Succinic Acid ; analysis ; Tartrates ; analysis

AIMTo explore sodium selenite-induced oxidative stress and apoptosis in human promyelocytic leukemia NB4 cells.

METHODSThe growth inhibition of NB4 cells was measured by MTT test. Apoptosis was determined morphologically by Giemsa stain and by DNA ladder formation in electrophoresis. Quantitation of apoptosis was determined by percentage of PI stained cells containing subdiploid amount of DNA measured by flow cytometry. Generation of reactive oxidative species (ROS) in NB4 cells was determined by lucigenin dependent chemoluminescent (CL) test. Spectrophotometer was used to measure the level of reduced glutathione, superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase in the cell.

RESULTSSodium selenite was shown to inhibit the growth of NB4 cells. Sodium selenite induced apoptosis with dose and time dependency: the ratio of subdiploid cells in control group was 1.3% +/- 0.7%. The 5 mumol.L-1 group was 10.4% +/- 1.4%, 10 mumol.L-1 group was 16% +/- 1%, and the 20 mumol.L-1 group was 27.3% +/- 0.8%. Sodium selenite (> or = 5 mumol.L-1) enhanced the ROS level markedly in NB4 cells (in 20 mumol.L-1 group ROS level was increased by 17 times, compared with control group), accompanied with decrease of reduced intracellular glutathione. These effects were time and dose dependent. N-acytlcysteine as an antioxidant was found to inhibit sodium selenite-induced oxidative stress and apoptosis in NB4 cells.

CONCLUSIONSodium selenite can induce apoptosis of NB4 cells and would possibly be used as an agent for the treatment of malignancy. The main mechanism of action might be related to oxidative stress induced by sodium selenite, thereby, leading to apoptosis as shown in NB4 cells.

Antineoplastic Agents ; pharmacology ; Apoptosis ; Cell Division ; drug effects ; Humans ; Leukemia, Promyelocytic, Acute ; pathology ; Oxidative Stress ; drug effects ; Reactive Oxygen Species ; metabolism ; Sodium Selenite ; pharmacology ; Tumor Cells, Cultured

Caliciviridae Infections ; epidemiology ; China ; epidemiology ; Diarrhea ; epidemiology ; virology ; Humans ; Norovirus ; Rotavirus ; Rotavirus Infections ; epidemiology

·AIM: To investigate the prevalence of myopia among primary and middle school students aged 7 to 18 in Longkou City, Shandong Province, and to provide a scientific basis for prevention and control of myopia. ·METHODS: The students aged 7 to 18 were enrolled through the method of stratified random and cluster sampling by the unit of schools and were investigated in Longkou, Shandong Province in 2015. A total of 58 schools were selected and 61 036 students were effectively sampled. All the subjects were divided into three- tiers based on geographical location: urban, rural-urban continuum, and rural areas. All the subjects were examined with the visual acuity and non -cycloplegic objective fraction. Microsoft Excel worksheet was used to establish a database, and SPSS 21. 0 software was used for statistical analysis. ·RESULTS: The prevalence of total myopia in the sample population of students of Longkou in 2015 was 49. 81% from 7 to 18 years old. The overall prevalence of myopia increased fastest from 11 to 12 years old. And the prevalence of mild myopia of students aged 13 was highest. The prevalence of total myopia were 46. 41% for boys and 53. 39% for girls, which showed the prevalence of girls was higher than the boys'. The prevalence of myopia in urban, rural- urban continuum, and rural areas were 55. 18% , 49. 75% , 44. 47% , respectively, and the prevalence of myopia in urban areas was the higher than the rural-urban continuum and the rural areas. The prevalence of total myopia gradually increased with age (rs=0. 943, P<0. 05). ·CONCLUSION: The results of the investigation showed a high prevalence of myopia among primary and middle school students in the city of Longkou, and gradually increased with age. The overall myopia prevalence for girls was higher than boys, and the prevalence was highest in urban areas.

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the efficacy and toxicity of combination therapy with surgery and recombinant adenovirus-p53 injection of recurrent malignant gliomas.

METHODS38 patients with recurrent malignant gliomas were included in this study. Among them, 18 patients of combined treatment group had Ommaya reservoirs placed into the tumor cavities after the resection of the tumors and received regular recombinant adenovirus-p53 injections after the operation. The other 20 patients received surgery alone.

RESULTSThe 6-month and 1-year survival rates after the combination therapy were 66.7% (14/18) and 44.4% (8/18), respectively. The median survival time was 9.7 months. Compared with the surgery-alone group, the combined treatment group achieved significant improvement (P < 0.05). The Karnofsky score was significantly improved at 6 months after the combination therapy compared with that before the treatment (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONThe recombinant adenovirus-p53 injection is safe and effective in treatment of recurrent malignant gliomas. The combination therapy of surgery and recombinant adenovirus-p53 injection may improve the life quality and the prognosis in patients with recurrent malignant gliomas.

Adenoviridae ; genetics ; Adult ; Brain Neoplasms ; pathology ; surgery ; therapy ; Combined Modality Therapy ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Genes, p53 ; Genetic Therapy ; Glioma ; pathology ; surgery ; therapy ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local ; Recombinant Proteins ; therapeutic use ; Survival Rate ; Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 ; genetics ; therapeutic use

Objective To examine the relationship between hyperthyroidism and excessive iodine intake from drinking water through epidemiological studies in the iodine excess and the iodine normal villages. Methods Mengzhuang village of Pei county and Xingji village of Pizhou city in Jiangsu province, with median water iodine concentration of 1284.1 μg/L and 77.9 μ/L, respectively,were selected in 2006. Thyroid diseases of all local residents in the two villages were assessed clinically to compare the prevalence and the distribution of hyperthyroidism. Results A total of 17 471 residents were recruited from the iodine excess village, 26 of them were diagnosed with hyperthyroidism. The prevalence of hyperthyroidism was 1.49‰, 0.75‰ (7/9264) in male,2.32‰( 19/8207) in female, and the age-standardized prevalence was 1.48‰. A total of 12 765 residents were recruited from the iodine normal village, among them 27 residents were diagnosed with hyperthyroidism. The prevalence of hyperthyroidism was 2.12‰, 0.96‰(7/6823) in male, 3.26‰(20/5942) in female, and the agestandardized prevalence was 2.02‰. The prevalence and age-standardized prevalence was significantly lower in the iodine excess village than those in the iodine normal village (u = 2.88, 2.89; all P < 0.01). The prevalence of hyperthyroidism was lower among females in the iodine excess village (2.32‰) than that in the iodine normal one (3.37‰, u = 2.89, P < 0.01). Residents aged 20 - 50 years had higher prevalence of hyperthyroidism[(19.36 -38.96 )/10 000]in the two villages. The proportion of Graves diseases was 50.00% (13/26) in the iodine excessvillage, higher than that in the iodine normal village[29.41%(5/17) , χ2 = 5.853, P < 0.01]. Conclusions Chronic excessive iodine intake does not increase the chance of suffering from hyperthyroidism. On the contrary, the prevalence of hyperthyroidism in the iodine excess village decreases significantly compared with that of the iodine normal village. The prevalence is higher among females.