Objective To summarize clinical experience of reconstructive operation with transpositional colon behind the sternum after corrosive esophageal burns and to explore the treatment for its complications.Methods Clinical data of 65 cases with esophageal scarred stricture after corrosive burns receiving reconstructive operation with transpositional colon behind the sternum were reviewed,56 of them by end-to-end anastomosis between transpositional anterograde peristaltic colon and esophagus,seven by end-to- end anastomosis between transpositional anterograde peristaltic colon and pharyngeal fundus,and two by end- to-end anastomosis between transpositional reversed peristaltic colon and esophagus,to summarize treatment experiences in pre-operation,operation and post-operation.Results Fifty-one of this group of patients recovered and discharged form the hospital smoothly,12 with cervical anastomotic leakage after operation including two cured by re-operation and ten cured by conservative treatment,and two with necrosis of transpositional colon including one died during operation and the other cured.Conclusions Corrosive burns of esophagus can be cured by leaving scarred stricture esophagus open without resection,and the effectiveness of reconstructive operation with transpositional colon behind the sternum is satisfactory with good pre-operative preparation,correct surgical operation,and correct post-operative treatment.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Child ; China ; epidemiology ; Female ; Hemorrhagic Fever with Renal Syndrome ; epidemiology ; prevention & control ; Humans ; Incidence ; Male ; Middle Aged

AIMTo develop a new synthetic route for olmesartan medoxomil.

METHODSOlmesartan medoxomil was prepared from ethyl 4-(1-hydroxy-1-methylethyl)-2-propylimidazole-5-carboxylate via hydrolysis and lactonization to afford 4,4- dimethyl-2-propyl-4,6-dihydrofuro [3,4-d]-1H-imidazole-6-one which was condensed with 2-(triphenylmethyl)-5-[4'-(bromomethylbiphenyl)-2-yl] tetrazole, followed by esterification with 4-chloromethyl-5-methyl-1,3-dioxol-2-one, and deprotection. The chemical structure of the major impurity in condensation reaction is the regio-isomer in the imidazole moiety, and confirmed by single crystal X-ray diffraction. The corresponding regio-isomer of olmesartan medoxomil was synthesized from the impurity by similar method. Optimization of the condensation conditions reduced the impurity to a negligible quantity.

RESULTSSynthesis of olmesartan medoxomil by the new route gave a product of 60% yield and above 99.0% purity. The content of olmesartan medoxomil regio-isomer was effectively controlled to less than 0.1%.

CONCLUSIONA novel synthetic route for olmesartan medoxomil was developed successfully. The olmesartan medoxomil regio-isomer is reported for the first time.

Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor Blockers ; chemical synthesis ; chemistry ; Animals ; Antihypertensive Agents ; chemical synthesis ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Blood Pressure ; drug effects ; Imidazoles ; chemical synthesis ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Molecular Structure ; Olmesartan Medoxomil ; Rats ; Stereoisomerism ; Tetrazoles ; chemical synthesis ; chemistry ; pharmacology

OBJECTIVETo observe the expression of homeobox gene Msx-1, Msx-2 and Dlx-2 during murine mandibular first molar development.

METHODSThe murine heads or mandibles on embryonic days 11-18 (E11-18) and postnatal day 1-3 (P1-3) were removed, fixed and embedded, 5 micro m serial sections were cut in the coronal plane. Msx-1, Msx-2 and Dlx-2 RNA probes were synthesized by in vitro transcription and labeled with digoxigenin. Msx-1, Msx-2 and Dlx-2 mRNA expression was observed after in situ hybridization.

RESULTSDuring molar development Msx-1 transcripts appeared only in mesenchymal cells, not in epithelial cells. Msx-2 and Dlx-2 both expressed in the epithelial and mesenchymal cells. At the initiation stage of the molar development Msx-2 and Dlx-2 had similar expression. At the bud stage (E13-14) Msx-2 mRNA signaling was intensive in the enamel organ and slight in the dental mesenchyme; Dlx-2 signaling was stronger in the dental papilla. At cap stage (E15-16) Msx-2 showed prominent mRNA signaling in enamel knot and Dlx-2 was maximal in the dental papilla. At the late bell stage (P2-3) Msx-2 transcripts were observed in odontoblasts but not labeled in ameloblasts, and Dlx-2 transcripts appeared in ameloblasts but no labeling was seen in odontoblasts.

CONCLUSIONSMsx-1, Msx-2 and Dlx-2 are expressed in various patterns during murine mandibular first molar development, suggesting they possibly play a role in the interaction between the epithelium and mesenchyme during the molar development.

Animals ; DNA-Binding Proteins ; genetics ; Female ; Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental ; Genes, Homeobox ; Homeodomain Proteins ; genetics ; MSX1 Transcription Factor ; Male ; Mandible ; embryology ; Mice ; Molar ; embryology ; RNA, Messenger ; analysis ; Transcription Factors ; genetics

OBJECTIVETo design an animal model to study the facial transplantation of allografts in rabbits.

METHODSLivid blue rabbits and New Zealand white rabbits was applied as experiment animal, to harvest hemifacial composite-tissue flap based in the common external carotid artery with the branch of the external mandibular artery and auricularis magna artery, then allotransplantation was performed with the livid blue rabbits as recipient while new Zealand rabbits as donor, the immunosuppressive agent comprised ciclosporin, azamun and prednisone. 25 couples of rabbits were divided three groups. Group A, 5 couples of rabbits, no administered immunosuppressive agent and the artery anastomosis with end-to-end. Group B, 10 couples of rabbits, administered immunosuppressive agent and the artery anastomosis with end-to-end. Group C, 10 couples of rabbits, administered immunosuppressive agent and the artery anastomosis with end-to-side. Postoperative, to observe the survive ratio of animal and composite-tissue flap, verified the practicability of model further.

RESULTSThe blood supply of hemifacial composite-tissue flap is rich after allotransplantation. The survive ratio wasn't different with different procedure of the external carotid artery anastomosis.

CONCLUSIONSThis is a successful model of composite face flap transplantation in the rabbits.

Animals ; Facial Transplantation ; Models, Animal ; Rabbits ; Transplantation, Homologous

AIMTo study the chemical constituents of the stem of Cassia siamea.

METHODSThe compounds were isolated by chromatography on silica gel, and identified on the basis of spectral analysis.

RESULTSFive compounds were isolated and identified as: beta-sitosterol (I), sucrose (II), n-octacosanol (III), 2-methyl-5-(2'-hydroxypropyl)-7-hydroxy-chromone-2'-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside (IV) and piceatannol (V).

CONCLUSIONCompound IV is a new compound. Compounds II, III and V were obtained from this plant for the first time.

Cassia ; chemistry ; Chromones ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Fatty Alcohols ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Monosaccharides ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Plant Stems ; chemistry ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; Stilbenes ; chemistry ; isolation & purification

Animals ; Animals, Domestic ; China ; Disease Transmission, Infectious ; prevention & control ; Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice ; Humans ; Public Health ; education

To investigate the influence of Anxin granules combined with tirofiban on acute myocardial infarction (AMI) Patients after elective percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). One hundred and twenty AMI patients were randomly divided into treatment group and control group. The patients in the two groups were all given Tirofiban 30mins before PCI . The treatment group was added Anxin granules 30 mins before and after PCI. Tissue factor (TF) and von willebrand factor (vWF) were tested at 6 hours after operation. Syndromatology alteration of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) and bleeding complications were observed at 4 weeks after operation. Both TF and vWF at 6 hours after operation of the treatment group was lower than the control group significantly (P < 0.01), while the condition of myocardial ischemia at 90 mins after operation of the treatment group was better than control group with significance. The syndromatology alteration of TCM especially spontaneous perspiration and hypodynamia of the treatment group were improved significantly compared to control group 4 weeks after operation. All patients in both groups had no bleeding complications and thrombopenia. The study suggests that Anxin granules combined with tirofiba can improve the clinical efficacy and the endothelial function of AMI patients after PCI with no increase in bleeding events.
Aged ; Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; Female ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Myocardial Infarction ; complications ; metabolism ; surgery ; Postoperative Hemorrhage ; drug therapy ; etiology ; metabolism ; prevention & control ; Thromboplastin ; metabolism ; von Willebrand Factor ; metabolism

In vivo tumor imaging technique method based on bioluminescence principle was established to evaluate the anti-tumor effect of paclitaxel mixed micelle (PMM). MDA-MB-231 tumor cells with luciferase reporter vectors were firstly implanted into nude mice, and subsequently the luciferase substrate was regularly injected during intraperitoneal administration of PMM. Then the tumor size, growth and the intensity of light signals were monitored with in vivo imaging technique. The method of luciferase tumor in vivo imaging could be real-time, reliable and exact in labeling and reflecting the growth of tumors, and the observed results were consistent with that by conventional method, so it would be a feasible approach to study anti-tumor effect of drugs. The anti-tumor effect of paclitaxel mixed micelle was observed by this method, and the results showed that this formulation could inhibit growth of tumor, and the anti-tumor rate of it was about 85%.
Animals ; Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic ; administration & dosage ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Breast Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; pathology ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Female ; Humans ; Luminescent Measurements ; Male ; Melanoma, Experimental ; drug therapy ; pathology ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Mice, Nude ; Micelles ; Neoplasm Transplantation ; Paclitaxel ; administration & dosage ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Particle Size ; Tumor Burden ; drug effects

The infection status of anisakid larvae was examined in 290 marine fish of 25 species and in 108 cephalopods of 3 species purchased in Bayuquan region, Yingko city nearby the coast of the Bohai Sea from may to August 1992. A total of 7,327 larvae were collected from 156 fish of 19 species and 8 squids of one species. The 3rd-stage larvae of Anisakis simplex were collected from 121 fish (63.4%) of 15 species (N = 191) and from 8 squids (14.8%) of one species (N = 54), and they were total, 5,992 (81.8%). Out of remaining 1,335 larvae, 154 (2.1%) were classified as Thynnascaris type B from 23 fish of 4 species, 1,013 (13.8%) as Thynnascaris type C from 79 fish of 13 species. 164 (2.2%) as Hysterothylacium China type V from 20 fish of 4 species, 3 (0.04%) as Raphidascaris from 3 fish of 2 species and one was Pseudoterranova decipiens larva.
Animal ; Anisakiasis/veterinary* ; Anisakiasis/parasitology ; Anisakiasis/epidemiology ; Anisakis/isolation & purification ; Anisakis/classification* ; China ; Fish Diseases/parasitology* ; Fish Diseases/epidemiology ; Fishes ; Larva ; Seawater ; Squid/parasitology*