Animals ; Animals, Newborn ; Hyperoxia ; physiopathology ; Lung ; drug effects ; pathology ; Oxygen ; pharmacology ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Tretinoin ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use

Objective To establish a real time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction method for detecting WT1 and to understand the expression levels of WT1 in acute lymphocytic leukemia(ALL) of children through examining peripheral blood of leukemia children.Methods Thirty ALL patients, 13 non-leukemia Children and 18 normal children were included in this study. The method of real time RT-PCR detecting the expression of WT1 was established. The expression levels of WT1 gene were tested by this method.Results The expression levels of WT1 in 13 ALL with newly diagnosed patients were (105-106)copies/?g RNA, 12 with partial remission were (102-104)copies/?g RNA and 12 with complete remission were (0-102)copies/?g RNA.Conclusions Significant expression levels of WT1 in ALL are higher than those in non-leukemias and normal children.WT1 could be a marker for detecting minimal residual disease and evaluating therapy efficacy in ALL.

Objective：To study the clinical and pathologic features of patients with lupus nephritis (LN) whose myeloperoxidase anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (MPO-ANCA) were positive. Methods：The clinical and pathological features were analyzed in 18 patients with LN whose MPO-ANCA were positive. And the data of patients with different clinical outcomes were compared. Results：（1）The hematological abnormalities, hypertension and serositis in these patients were more common than general ones with LN. （2）Proteinuria and hematuria were common, the morbidities of gross hematuria and renal failure in these patients were higher than general ones with LN.（3）Various autoantibodies were positive in these patients.（4）Segmental necrosis crescentic nephritis accompanied by density of immunocomplex in glomeruli and vasculitis in intestitium were common.（5）The morbidity of ESRF and mortality of these patients were similar to general ones with LN. The morbidity of tubular atrophy in those with poor prognosis was significantly higher than those survived. Conclusion：The patients with LN whose MPO-ANCA are positive have some difference from those with negative MPO-ANCA, but positive MPO-ANCA is not directly related to the prognosis.

Objective To study the deleterious effect of prolonged hyperoxia exposure on preterm rat lungs. Methods On the 2nd postnatal day, preterm SD rats were randomly assigned to the air group (I) and hyperoxia group (II, exposed to 85% O2). After 3, 7 and 14 days of exposure, the contents of total protein (TP), hydroxyproline (HYP) and malondialdehyde (MDA), total cell counts and differentiation in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), ratio of lung wet weight/dry weight (W/D), and lung collagen content were examined. After 3, 7, 14 and 21 days of exposure, lung histopathology and radial alveolar counts (RAC) were performed. Results On day 3 of hyperoxia exposure, only the MDA content increased in Group II (P<0.05). On day 7 and 14, TP, HYP, total cell counts, the percentage of neutrophils in BALF and lung W/D also significantly increased (P<0.05 or 0.01). The differences of lung collagen contents between the two groups were not significant (P>0.05). Hyperoxia exposure resulted in subacute alveolitis and inhibition of lung development on day 7, 14 and 21. RAC was similar between the two groups on day 3 (4.9±0.7 vs 5.0±0.8), but different on day 7 (5.9±0.9 vs 7.1±0.9; P<0.05. On day 14 and 21, RAC decreased more obviously in Group II compared with that in Group I (7.0±0.8 vs 9.9±0.6, 7.3±0.9 vs 10.5±0.8; P<0.01). Conclusions Prolonged exposure to 85% O2 may result in subacute inflammatory lung injury and inhibition of lung development in preterm rats.

OBJECTIVETo understand the epidemiological features of viral hepatitis, and provide scientific evidence for developing strategies for prevention and control.

METHODSThrough descriptive epidemiological methodology, the epidemiological characteristics of 1121 viral hepatitis cases in Chongwen District (1997-2006) were studied. chi2-test was used in ratio comparison.

RESULTSThere were 1121 viral hepatitis cases occurring in the past decade, and the incidence rate was declining by year with the average of 27.10/ 100,000. Of which, the incidence rate of viral hepatitis B was the highest (13.90/ 100,000), viral hepatitis C (1.38/100,000) was the lowest. The proportion of viral hepatitis B was the highest (575, 51.29%) and viral hepatitis C (57, 5.08%) was the lowest. The incidence of viral hepatitis A, B and no-typing was declining year by year, while viral hepatitis C and E was climbing. Most viral hepatitis A and E cases occurred in Spring and Winter, and the difference of incidence rate between male and female was observed (chi2 = 188.39, P < 0.001). The findings also showed that viral hepatitis might occur in all kind of occupation, but most were workers (306, 27.3%) and officers (209, 18.64%). For the age distribution, 20 -49 years old group took the majority (749, 66.82%); and for the transmission route, blood transfusion (7.64/ 100,000) was significantly higher than fecal-oral route (3.02/ 100,000) (chi2 = 5.09, P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONIt is necessary to raise and increase the public awareness for viral hepatitis prevention and control, and enhance immunization. Moreover, effective measures should be taken to the safety of blood and blood products, and to prevent nosocomial infection.

Adolescent ; Adult ; China ; epidemiology ; Female ; Hepatitis A ; epidemiology ; prevention & control ; Hepatitis B ; epidemiology ; prevention & control ; Hepatitis C ; epidemiology ; prevention & control ; Hepatitis, Viral, Human ; epidemiology ; prevention & control ; Humans ; Incidence ; Male ; Middle Aged

OBJECTIVETo observe the dynamic immunity of the porcine cancellous bone scaffold(PCBS) after transplantation and provide experimental evidences for amending and clinical use.

METHODSThe PCBS was gained through physical and chemical disposals to porcine cancellous bone and was implanted subcutaneously in rabbit. The histological investigation and the expression of Th1 (such as IL-2, IFN-gamma) and Th2 (such as IL-4, IL-10) mRNA were measured by HE, RT-PCR respectively in 1,2,4,8,12 week postoperation.

RESULTSHE revealed: Inflammation cells (lymphocytes and monocytes) were shown abundantly in the surrounding tissue in 1 week and were decreased gradually since 2 week. At 12 week, there were few inflammation cells in the surrounding tissue. RT-PCR revealed: The mRNA expression level of Th1 cytokines such as IL-2, IFN-gamma was high in 1 week and began to fall since 2 week. At 12 week, the mRNA expression level of Th1 cytokines was low; The mRNA expression level of Th2 cytokines such as IL-4, IL-10 was low in 1 week, rose gradually since 2 week and reached tiptop in 8 week. At 12 week, the mRNA of Th2 cytokines maintained high level expression.

CONCLUSIONSThe porcine cancellous bone scaffold excitate immunoreaction was transitory inflammation after implantation.

Animals ; Bone Transplantation ; immunology ; Cytokines ; metabolism ; RNA, Messenger ; genetics ; Rabbits ; Swine ; Th1 Cells ; metabolism ; Th2 Cells ; metabolism ; Tissue Scaffolds ; Transplantation, Heterologous

This study attempts to discuss the correlation between UGT1A1*28 as uridine diphosphate glucuronosyltransferase gene promoter and coding region Gly71Arg gene polymorphism with neonatal hyperbilirubinemia of neonates in Wuhan.A total of 168 neonates were divided into the hyperbilirubinemia group (case group,n=108) and healthy neonates group (control group,n=60).Their DNA was obtained through blood extraction.The gene exon mutation of UGT1A1 was detected by Sanger sequencing,which revealed the relationship between UGT 1A 1*28 and Gly71Arg polymorphism with neonatal hyperbilirubinemia of neonates.The results showed that:(1) The frequency of UGT1Al*28 allele mutation in the case group and the control group was 9.3％ and 10％ respectively,with the difference being not significant between the two groups (P＞0.05).(2) The frequency of Gly71Arg allele mutation in the case group and the control group was 35.1％ and 21.7％ respectively,with the difference being significant between the two groups (P＜0.01).(3) The serum bilirubin level of Gly71Arg mutant homozygous and heterozygous subgroups (n=66) in the case group was 302.7±31.4 μmol/L,which was significantly higher than 267.3±28.5 μmol/L of the wild subgroup (n=42) (P＜0.01).It was suggested that the occurrence of neonatal hyperbilirubinemia of neonates in Wuhan was not associated with UGT 1A1*28 gene polymorphism,but closely with the Gly71Arg gene polymorphism.Meanwhile,the Arg allele mutation was related to the degree of jaundice.

Objective To investigate the effect of hypertonic saline on cerebral water content, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) level and neuronal apoptosis following focal cerebral ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury in rats and explore the mechanisms involved. Methods Ninety-six rats were randomized equally into 4 groups, namely the shame-operated group, untreated IR injury group, and 4.2% and 7.5% hypertonic saline groups (HS-A and HS-B groups, respectively). In the latter 3 groups, cerebral ischcmia was induced by middle cerebral artery occlusion for 2 h followed by administration of the corresponding treatments. Serum sodium concentration was measured at 5 min before and at 30, 60 and 90 min after the reperfilsion. At 22 h of rcperfusion, the rats were sacrificed after neurological deficit evaluation, and brain edema was assessed by measuring the wet-to-dry weight ratio of the brain tissue. TNF-α expression in the ischemic brain tissue was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and the neuronal apoptosis was analyzed using TUNEL assay. Results In the saline-treated rats, serum sodium level increased significantly after saline administration, lasting for 60 min before recovering the normal levels in HS-A group and for over 90 min in HS-B group. Compared with that in the sham-operated group, the brain water content in rats of the IR group increased in both of the hemispheres, but more obviously in the ischemic hemisphere. In the two saline-treated groups, the water content decreased significantly in the bilateral hemispheres, which was especially obvious in the ischemic hemisphere;administration of 7.5% saline resulted in greater water content reduction in the ischemic hemisphere than 4.2% saline. Compared with the IR group, the two saline-treated groups showed significant reduction in TNF-α levels and apoptotic cells in the brain along with decreased neurological deficits. Conclusion Hypertonic saline can ameliorate cerebral focal IR injury by decreasing the cerebral water content, TNF-α level and neuronal apoptosis following the injury.

Objective To study the pharmacokinetics profiles of ibupro-fen and pseudo ephedrine with chlorpheniramine suspension after single and multiple dosing in healthy volunteers.Methods Three single and one multiple oral doses of ibuprofen and pseudo ephedrine with chlorphe-niramine suspension were given to healthy volunteers respectively.Ibu-profen concentrations in plasma were determined by HPLC-UV method.Pseudo ephedrine and chlorpheniramine concentrations in plasma were determined by HPLC-MS-MS method.The pharmacokinetic parameters were obtained with statistical analysis by DAS Ver 2.0.Results The main pharmacokinetic parameters of 3 single doses(ibuprofen:200,400,600 mg pseudo ephedrine:30,60,90 mg;chlorpheniramine:2,4,6 mg)and multiple dose(ibuprofe,pseudo ephedrine and chlorphe-niramine 200,30,2 mg,respectively)shown that the concentration-time curves of ibuprofen,pseudo ephedrine and chlorpheniramine were described by one-compartment open model and physiological disposi-tions were assumed by linear kinetics characteristics.Conclusion In multiple dosing study,physiological dispositions of ibuprofen,pseudo e-phedrine and chlorpheniramine all existed no induction and inhibition of drug enzyme phenomenon.

OBJECTIVETo ascertain the relationship between glycyrrhizinic acid content and the underground part growth character of Glycyrrhiza uralensis and provide the theoretical evidence for wild resources protection and artificial cultivation method of G. uralensis.

METHODThrough the analytical investigation on the underground part of G. uralensis and analysis of glycyrrhizinic acid content in different organs, parts, ages, and diameter medicinal materials, the systematic study on the relationship between glycyrrhizinic acid content and the underground part growth character of glycyrrhiza uralensis was carried out.

RESULTThe underground part of a G. uralensis seedling consisted of seed root, random root, horizontal underground stem, vertical underground stem and assimilating root. The glycyrrhizinic acid content in horizontal underground stem with the age below two years old or in random root with the diameter below 0.5 cm was low. The difference of glycyrrhizinic acid content among horizontal underground stem, random root and vertical underground stem was obvious, but the difference between horizontal underground stem and random root was not obvious.

CONCLUSIONThe horizontal underground stem was of G. uralnesis acts as a link that can connect random root, vertical underground and stem assimilating root, so that the whole underground part constructs one huge underground net system. The glycyrrhizinic acid accumulation is a effected by organ type, growth age, root diameter and grow position, and the distribution pattern of random root and vertical underground stem has influence on glycyrrhizinic acid distribution in horizontal underground stem.

Glycyrrhiza uralensis ; chemistry ; growth & development ; Glycyrrhizic Acid ; analysis ; Plant Roots ; chemistry ; growth & development ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; growth & development ; Seedlings ; chemistry ; growth & development ; Time Factors