Arm Injuries ; etiology ; Autonomic Pathways ; pathology ; Central Nervous System ; pathology ; China ; Humans ; Occupational Diseases ; etiology ; Temperature ; Vibration ; adverse effects

Calculi ; Humans ; Lung Diseases ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Pulmonary Alveoli ; pathology

Objective To identify the arteriosclerosis (AS)changes in peripheral artery and abdominal aorta of patients with familial hypercholesterolemia(FH) during follow-up.Methods Seventeen patients of 6 FH [5 male and 12 female with average age of (16.12?6.65) years old],along with 17 subjects of matching sexes and ages with normal blood cholesterol as healthy control group,underwent examination by color doppler ultrasound,and changes of intima-media thickness (IMT) in peripheral artery and abdominal aorta,severity of stenosis,morphology,and function were observed.Results For 17 patients of FH,the total cholesterol(TC),low density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C) in serum were higher significantly and high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) was lower significantly than those in healthy control group(Pa0.05).The IMT of carotid aorta,subclavicular aorta,common abdominal artery,and common femoral artery in 13 patients were showing various degrees of increase,yielding an average of 2.9 mm.As patients aged,this phenomenon was reported to be more profound in common abdominal aorta and femoral artery.Conclusions Patients of FH show AS lesion in early stage and it worsened as they aged,from carotid arteries to common abdominal aorta and femoral artery.Color doppler ultrasound can be a non-invasive examination for monitoring the progress of AS in blood vessels in patients of diagnosed FH.

Animals ; Female ; Male ; Rabbits ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha ; analysis ; Vibration ; adverse effects

ObjectiveTo seek a convenient method for improving the clinical therapeutic effect on knee osteoarthritis.Method One hundred and eighty-six patients were randomly allocated to three groups, 62 cases each. The observation group received needle-sticking warm needling moxibustion plus articular cavity injection of sodium hyaluronate; control group 1, needle-sticking warm needling moxibustion; control group 2, articular cavity injection of sodium hyaluronate. Needle-sticking warm needling moxibustion was given once daily, five treatments followed by two days of rest, seven days as a course, for a total of five courses. Articular cavity injection of sodium hyaluronate was administered once a week, for a total of five injections. The therapeutic effects were compared after treatment.ResultA large part of the symptoms and signs resolved, and the cure rate, the cure and marked efficacy rate and the efficacy rate were 40.3%, 87.1% and 95.2%, respectively, in the observation group. Part of thesymptoms and signs resolved in control groups 1 and 2. The cure rate, the cure and marked efficacy rate and the efficacy rate were 24.2%,51.6%and 80.6%, respectively, in control groups 1 and 21.0%, 54.8% and 82.3%, respectively, in control groups 2. There were statistically significant differences in the cure rate (P<0.05), the cure and marked efficacy rate (P<0.01) and the efficacy rate (P<0.05) among the three groups. The therapeutic effect was significantly better in the observation group than in control groups 1 and 2.Conclusion Needle-sticking warm needling moxibustion plus articular cavity injection of sodium hyaluronate is clinically a better way to treat knee osteoarthritis.

Increasing attention has been focused on the antitumor activity of artemisinin derivatives in recent years, for artemisinin had been reported to have cytotoxic effects against HL-60, P388 and MCF-7 tumor cells. We report here the synthesis and evaluation for antitumor activity of a series of artemisinin-ether derivatives bearing tetrahydropyrrole, morpholine, piperidine, substituted piperidines and azoles with various linkers. Sixteen 10-O-substituted dihydroartemisinin derivatives were designed and synthesized, all of which have never been reported in literatures and whose antiproliferative effects on human breast cancer MCF-7, MCF-7/Adr and HL-60 cells were determined by MTT assay or direct cell counting. Each of these artemisinin derivatives possessed better effects than dihydroartemisinin evidently against HL-60 and MCF-7 cells growth, while less potent than doxorubicin. All target compounds exhibited significantly improved potency compared to DHA and doxorubicin on the doxorubicin-resistant MCF-7/Adr cells, so did they in their sensitive counterparts MCF-7 cells. Among them, compounds GF02, GH04 and ZH04 showed strong activity against these three cell lines growth. Further research is undergoing.
Antineoplastic Agents ; chemical synthesis ; chemistry ; Artemisinins ; chemical synthesis ; chemistry ; Breast Neoplasms ; pathology ; Cell Proliferation ; Doxorubicin ; Drug Design ; HL-60 Cells ; drug effects ; Humans ; MCF-7 Cells ; drug effects

OBJECTIVETo investigate the influence of total flavonoids of Elsholtzia splendens (TFES) on isolated ischemia/reperfusion rat hearts and its underlying mechanisms.

METHODSHearts isolated from male SD rats were perfused on the Langendorff apparatus and subjected to global ischemia for 30 min followed by 120 min of reperfusion. The cardiac infarct size was measured by TTC staining. Hemodynamic parameters and the level of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) in the coronary effluent were measured. Absorbance at 520 nm was determined in isolated cardiac mitochondria exposed to 200 micromol/L CaCl2 to detect the opening of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore.

RESULTSPretreatment with TFES (1, 10, 100 microg/ml) for 5 min decreased infarct size and LDH release and improved the recovery of the left ventricular developed pressure. In mitochondria, the decrease of absorbance at 520 nm evoked by CaCl2 was greatly inhibited by TFES.

CONCLUSIONTFES prevents myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury, and this cardioprotective effect is probably via inhibiting mitochondrial permeability transition pore opening.

Animals ; Cardiotonic Agents ; pharmacology ; Disease Models, Animal ; Flavones ; pharmacology ; In Vitro Techniques ; Lamiaceae ; chemistry ; Male ; Mitochondria, Heart ; drug effects ; Mitochondrial Membrane Transport Proteins ; drug effects ; Myocardial Reperfusion ; Myocardial Reperfusion Injury ; prevention & control ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley

Microwaves can be directly transformed into heat inside materials because of their ability of penetrating into any substance. The degree that materials are heated depends on their dielectric properties. Materials with high dielectric loss are more easily to reach a resonant state by microwaves field, then microwaves can be absorbed efficiently. Microwave irradiation technique with the unique heating mechanisms could induce drug-polymer interaction and change the properties of dissolution. Many benefits such as improving product quality, increasing energy efficiency and reducing times can be obtained by microwaves. This paper summarized characteristics of the microwave irradiation technique, new preparation techniques and formulation process in pharmaceutical industry by microwave irradiation technology. The microwave technology provides a new clue for heating and drying in the field of pharmaceutics.
Chemistry, Pharmaceutical ; methods ; Drug Discovery ; instrumentation ; methods ; Microwaves ; Pharmaceutical Preparations ; administration & dosage ; chemistry ; Technology, Pharmaceutical ; methods

AIM: To investigate the status of myopia in students from different kinds of schools in Shantou city, China.
METHODS: In this cross-sectional study, 2 418 students from 4 middle and high schools in Shantou were surveyed through randomized cluster sampling. Ophthalmic examination and auto-refraction were performed for all subjects.
RESULTS: Among all 2 394 students examined. The myopia rates for students from middle and high school were 48. 07% and 68. 28%. In normal middle school, students from rural area had lower rate of myopia than students from the urban area (χ2 = 13. 879, P<0. 01 ). Students from key rural high schools had lower rate of myopia than students from key urban high school (χ2 =175. 231, P<0. 01).
CONCLUSION:The prevalence of myopia in the middle school of urban area in Shantou was higher than rural area. The increasing rate of myopia in youngsters is correlated with study stress. In order to decrease the myopia rate, it is extremely important to improve study environment in students.

Objective To investigate the iodine nutrition level of the vulnerable population in the high risk region of iodine deficiency disorders for providing a scientific basis for the development of effective preventive measures in Qinghai province. Methods The non-iodized salt coverage rate ＞ 5％ of Delingha city, the coverage rate of iodized salt and the rate of qualified iodized salt ≤80％ of Jiuzhi, Wulan, Nangqian, Zaduo, Geermu,Yushu, Gande, Chengduo, and Dulan counties(cities), the median of urinary iodine ＜ 100 μg/L of Huangyuan county of 11 areas were chosen as monitoring area in 2009. Five townships(towns) were selected by their location of east, west, south, north and center in each county (city), and one school was selected in each township (town),and 60 household salt samples were collected in each school, and quantitatively determined by direct titration of iodine(GB/T 13025.7-1999). Three townships(towns) were selected in each county(city), and two schools were selected in each township(town). The content of urinary iodine of 40 children aged 8 - 10 and 20 women of childbearing age aged 18 - 40 was analyzed by As3+-Ce4+ catalytic spectrophotometry (WS/T 107-2006). ResultsThree thousand two hundred and sixty-one edible salt samples were tested. The coverage rate of iodized salt was 79.88％.The iodized salt qualification rate was 95.16％. The qualified iodized salt consumption rate was 76.02％. The noniodized salt coverage rate was 20.12％. In Nangqian, Zaduo, Yushu and Geermu counties(cities), the non-iodized salt coverage rate was 88.89％, 45.05％, 43.00％ and 12.67％, respectively. The median of urine iodine of 2536 children aged 8 - 10 was 155.8 μg/L, with ≤50 μg/L about 13.6％ (346/2536), ＞ 100 μg/L about 67.5％(1711/2536), and it was 75.1, 94.6 μg/L in Nangqian and Zaduo counties, respectively. The median of urine iodine of 665 women of childbearing age was 129.7 μg/L, with ≤50 μg/L about 22.7％(151/665), ＞ 100 μg/L about 59.2％(394/665), and it was 21.0, 54.7, 72.7 μg/L in Zaduo, Nangqian and Chengduo counties, respectively.Conclusions Insufficient intake of iodine exits in children and women of childbearing age in high risk region of iodine deficiency disorders in Qinghai province, which should be corrected as soon as possible.